Leveraging big data for causal understanding in mental health: a research framework.

Over the past 30 years there have been numerous large-scale and longitudinal psychiatric research efforts to improve our understanding and treatment of mental health conditions. However, despite the huge effort by the research community and considerable funding, we still lack a causal understanding of most mental health disorders. Consequently, the majority of psychiatric diagnosis and treatment still operates at the level of symptomatic experience, rather than measuring or addressing root causes.

Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Linked to Streptococcal Infections.

Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a clinical condition with abrupt onset of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and/or severe eating restrictions and at least two concomitant cognitive, behavioral, or neurological symptoms. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a subtype of PANS with a controversial diagnosis. A case of a 12-year-old girl with severe eating restriction, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety, and neurological symptoms who initially was diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder is presented.

Early Warning for the Electrolyzer: Monitoring CO Reduction via In-Line Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy.

The electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CO RR) to fuels and feedstocks presents an opportunity to decarbonize the chemical industry, and current electrolyzer performance levels approach commercial viability. However, stability remains below that required, in part because of the challenge of probing these electrolyzer systems in real time and the challenge of determining the root cause of failure. Failure can result from initial conditions (e.

Military veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a chronic pain management programme.

Background And Aims: There is very little published evaluation of the treatment of military veterans with chronic pain, with or without post-traumatic stress disorder. Few clinical services offer integrated treatment for veterans with chronic pain and PTSD. Such veterans experience difficulty in accessing treatment for either condition: services may consider each condition as a contraindication to treatment of the other.

Pathogenicity Determinants of the Human Malaria Parasite Have Ancient Origins.

, the most deadly of the human malaria parasites, is a member of the subgenus that also infects African Great Apes. The virulence of is related to cytoadhesion of infected erythrocytes in microvasculature, but the origin of dangerous parasite adhesion traits is poorly understood. To investigate the evolutionary history of the cytoadhesion pathogenicity determinant, we studied adhesion domains from the chimpanzee malaria parasite .

The role of working memory and verbal fluency in autobiographical memory in early Alzheimer's disease and matched controls.

Retrieval of autobiographical memories (AMs) is important for "sense of self". Previous research and theoretical accounts suggest that working memory (WM) and semantic and phonemic fluency abilities facilitate the hierarchical search for, and reliving of past, personal events in the mind's eye. However, there remains a lack of consensus as to the nature of the relationships between these cognitive functions and the truly episodic aspects of AM.

How sickle cell disease patients experience, understand and explain their pain: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis study.

Objectives: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the UK's most common blood disorder causing sickle shaped red blood cells to block small blood vessels inducing both acute and chronic pain. A crucial factor in determining quality of life for those with SCD is the severity, timing and number of painful sickling episodes. However, little research focuses on the nature of pain and so it is poorly understood.