Uncovering Surgical Dynamics and Trends in Early Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis: Key Insights From a Two-Decade Argentine Database Analysis.

Purpose: Breast cancer remains a major public health challenge worldwide, and understanding the trends and changes in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment over time is crucial for improving patient outcomes and guiding public health strategies. The Argentine Society of Mastology has maintained a comprehensive Breast Cancer Registry that provides valuable data for analyzing these trends.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis of the Breast Cancer Registry database evaluated changes in stages at the time of surgery, patterns of surgical care, and factors associated with higher stage diagnoses in patients with breast cancer in Argentina from January 2000 to December 2019.

FLABRA, frontline approach for testing in an ovarian cancer population: a Latin America epidemiologic study.

 FLABRA evaluated the prevalence of mutations, genetic counseling and management approaches in patients with ovarian cancer in Latin America. Patients with ovarian cancer from six Latin-American countries were enrolled. Tumor samples were tested for mutations ().

Correlation between PD-L1 expression (clones 28-8 and SP263) and histopathology in lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Recent advances in the management of non-small cell carcinoma are focused on the discovery of targeted therapies and novel immunotherapy strategies for patients with advanced disease. Treatment with anti PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors requires the development of predictive biomarkers to select those patients that can most benefit from these therapies.

Distribution of molecular subtypes of advanced lung adenocarcinoma and clinical outcomes in a center of Argentina.

The prevalence of relevant oncogenic drivers in lung adenocarcinoma varies in our region and data on clinical outcomes is scarce. The objective of the study was to describe the prevalence of KRAS, BRAF and EGFR mutations and ALK translocations in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma, and to depict the clinical outcome according to treatment strategies. Patients with adequate tumor biopsy sampling were included.

Novel approaches to target HER2-positive breast cancer: trastuzumab emtansine.

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in 20% of breast carcinomas. Prior to the development of targeted therapies, HER2-positive breast cancer was associated with more aggressive disease and poor prognosis. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate that results from the combination of trastuzumab and DM1, a derivative of the antimicrotubule agent maytansine.

Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer - Finally a Hint of Hope.

Lung cancer is a major public health problem worldwide and the leading cause of cancerrelated mortality in developed countries. Significant advances have been made especially with the discovery of targeted agents. However, only a small proportion of patients carry activating mutations; until recently conventional chemotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitors were the preferred treatment for the vast majority of patients.

What is the Current Role of Immunotherapy for Colon Cancer?

Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer related mortality. Until very recently the only existing options that medical oncologists had to treat metastatic colon cancer were a combination of chemotherapy, anti-EGFR and anti-angiogenic agents. We currently have the first proof that immune therapies could be an effective approach to battle colorectal cancers that carry a mismatch repair machinery deficient phenotype.

Anti-Hormonal Therapies for Premenopausal Patients--What did we Learn from the TEXT/SOFT Trials?

Between 20-25% of all breast cancers are diagnosed in patients younger than 50 years of age, most of whom are still premenopausal. Currently, tamoxifen is considered the standard of care for adjuvant treatment in these cases. However, in postmenopausal women, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are a better choice.

Therapeutic options for HER-2 positive breast cancer: Perspectives and future directions.

During the last 15 years we have witnessed an unprecedented expansion in the drugs developed to target human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) positive breast cancer. Trastuzumab, pertuzumab, ado-trastuzumab emtansine and lapatinib are currently food and drug administration (FDA)-approved for the treatment of breast cancer patients with HER-2 over-expressed. However, given the amount of information gathered from years of uninterrupted clinical research, it is essential to have periodic updates that succinctly recapitulate what we have learnt over these last years and help us to apply that information in our daily practice.

Advances and new perspectives in the treatment of metastatic colon cancer.

During the last decade we have witnessed an unprecedented outburst of new treatment approaches for the management of metastatic colon cancer. Anti-angiogenic drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor blockers and multi-kinase inhibitors have all resulted in small but consistent improvement in clinical outcomes. However, this progress has paradoxically leaded us into new challenges.

Recent treatment advances and novel therapies in pancreas cancer: a review.

Purpose: Over the last couple of years, we have witnessed the availability of a wide variety of different therapeutic agents and the identification of effective combinations of existing ones that have transformed the way we approach and treat pancreatic cancer. Proof of this are the recent validations that combinations of conventional chemotherapy drugs, the FOLFIRINOX regimen and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel, significantly improves clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic disease. However, deeper and more sophisticated understanding of the biology of this cancer as well as the ability to develop better and perhaps more precise drugs predict that the landscape may be changing even more.

Novel targeted agents for the treatment of advanced breast cancer.

The discovery of the molecular processes involved in cancer development has led to the design of an array of targeted agents. These agents, directed to specific proteins in the machinery of cancer cells, interfere with vital cascades involved in cell invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, cell-cycle control and angiogenesis. In breast cancer, the main pathways studied and targeted by drugs are the HER2 pathway, EGFR, VEGF, PI3K/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-M-Tor), IGF/IGFR, poly(ADP ribose) polymerase 1, HDAC and many others.