Effects of aerobic, resistance and combined training on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic review of randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of aerobic, resistance and/or combined training on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and/or pulse wave velocity (PWV) in older adults. The studies were selected from the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the gray literature. We assessed the studies using Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2) tool and the GRADE tool.

Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise training on endothelial function in individuals with overweight and obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effects of exercise training on endothelial function in individuals with overweight and obesity. Our review study included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving adults (≥ 18 years of age) with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m.

Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined training on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in older adults: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Aging is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. It promotes vascular dysfunction which is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exercise can modulate vascular function parameters, but little is known about the effects of different modalities of training (aerobic, resistance, and combined) on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in older adults.

Preventive aerobic training preserves sympathovagal function and improves DNA repair capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in rats with cardiomyopathy.

To evaluate the effect of preventive aerobic exercise training on sympathovagal function, cardiac function, and DNA repair capacity in a preclinical model of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy. Forty male Wistar-Kyoto rats were allocated into four groups (n = 10/group): D (DOX-treated) and C (controls) remained sedentary, and DT (DOX-trained) and CT (control-trained) performed aerobic training 4 days/week, during 4 weeks before exposure to DOX (4 mg/kg/week during 4 weeks) or saline solution. We evaluated cardiac function (echocardiography), hemodynamic and sympathovagal modulation (artery-femoral cannulation), cardiac troponin T levels, and DNA repair capacity (comet assay).

Effects of Different Types of Exercise Training on Endothelial Function in Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Individuals: A Systematic Review.

Background: Sustained high blood pressure can lead to vascular remodeling and endothelial cell injury, which may explain the endothelial dysfunction found in hypertensive individuals. Exercise training can improve vascular health in individuals with cardiovascular risk, but little is known about its effects in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals.

Objective: To review the literature showing evidence of changes in endothelial function in response to different modalities of exercise training in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals.

Individuals with controlled hypertension show endothelial integrity following a bout of moderate-intensity exercise: randomized clinical trial.

To examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE) or combined exercise (CE) on flow-mediated dilation (FMD), progenitor cells (PCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), oxidative stress markers and endothelial-cell derived microvesicles (EMVs) in patients with hypertension. This is a randomized, parallel-group clinical trial involving an intervention of one session of three different modalities of exercise. Thirty-three males (43 ± 2y) were randomly divided into three groups: a session of AE (n = 11, 40 min, cycle ergometer, 60% HRR); a session of RE (n = 11, 40 min, 4 × 12 lower limb repetitions, 60% 1-RM); or a session of CE (n = 11, 20-min RE + 20-min AE).

Physical training prior to myocardial infarction potentializes stem cell therapy, SDF-1/CXCR4 axis activation and inhibits the vasoconstrictor response in hypertensive rats.

Stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for recovering of injured cardiac tissue after acute myocardial infarction. The effects promoted by preventive physical training, beneficial for regeneration, are not yet understood on stem cell homing. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of preventive physical training on cell homing activation and associated mechanisms after acute myocardial infarction and therapy with adipose-derived stem cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Effects of exercise training on endothelial function in individuals with hypertension: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

A slight increase (1%) in endothelial function is associated with reduction of cardiovascular risks by 13% in individuals with cardiovascular disease risk, including those with hypertension. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of exercise training on endothelial function in individuals with hypertension.We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with adult participants diagnosed with hypertension undergoing exercise training (≥4 weeks), and the primary outcome was endothelial function, measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD).

Comparison of Cardiac and Vascular Parameters in Powerlifters and Long-Distance Runners: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Cardiac remodeling is a specific response to exercise training and time exposure. We hypothesized that athletes engaging for long periods in high-intensity strength training show heart and/or vascular damage.

Objective: To compare cardiac characteristics (structure and function) and vascular function (flow-mediated dilation [FMD] and peripheral vascular resistance [PVR]) in powerlifters and long-distance runners.

Preventive Physical Training Partially Preserves Heart Function and Improves Cardiac Antioxidant Responses in Rats After Myocardial Infarction Preventive Physical Training and Myocardial Infarction in Rats.

In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), reactive oxygen species may cause irreversible damage to the heart tissue. Physical training is capable of enhancing antioxidant capacity, acting as a cardioprotective factor. We assessed the preventive effects of physical training on the antioxidant and functional responses of the heart of Wistar Kyoto rats after AMI.

Aerobic training prior to myocardial infarction increases cardiac GLUT4 and partially preserves heart function in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We assessed cardiac function (echocardiographic) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression (Western blot) in response to 10 weeks of aerobic training (treadmill) prior to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by ligation of the left coronary artery in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Animals were allocated to sedentary+sham, sedentary+AMI, training+sham, and training+AMI. Aerobic training prior to AMI partially preserves heart function.

Cell Therapy in Ischemic Heart Disease: Interventions That Modulate Cardiac Regeneration.

The incidence of severe ischemic heart disease caused by coronary obstruction has progressively increased. Alternative forms of treatment have been studied in an attempt to regenerate myocardial tissue, induce angiogenesis, and improve clinical conditions. In this context, cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative using cells with regenerative potential, focusing on the release of paracrine and autocrine factors that contribute to cell survival, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling.

Ballet dancers cardiorespiratory, oxidative and muscle damage responses to classes and rehearsals.

This study aimed to describe and compare ballet dancers' cardiorespiratory responses, muscle damage and oxidative stress levels during a ballet class (practice of isolated ballet exercises performed with barre/hand-rail support and across-the-floor movements to improve technical skills) and rehearsal (practice of ballet choreography involving technical-artistic skills to improve dancers' performance for shows). The 12 advanced female ballet dancers undertook three exercise sessions: maximum effort test, class and rehearsal. Heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2) were continuously measured.

The effects of periodized concurrent and aerobic training on oxidative stress parameters, endothelial function and immune response in sedentary male individuals of middle age.

The vascular endothelium plays a key role in arterial wall homeostasis by preventing atherosclerotic plaque formation. A primary causal factor of endothelial dysfunction is the reactive oxygen species. Aerobic exercise is ascribed as an important adjuvant therapy in endothelium-dependent cardiovascular disease.