Mechanism of Action of , a New Bacterial Species with Probiotic Potential.

is a recently reported bacterial species of oral origin, with inhibitory capacity against , , and , which confers upon it the potential of being an oral probiotic. The aim of the present study was to identify the potential mechanisms by which exerts its inhibitory effect on . To this end, the study assessed the consumption of glucose and proteins available in the culture medium, the modification of the pH, the production of short-chain fatty acids, the changes in the protein panel of the inhibition halo, the production of hydrogen peroxide and the effect of proteinase K.

Molecular Detection of sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals.

A new bacterial species has recently been identified in the dental plaque of an adolescent with Down syndrome. The species is known as sp. nov.

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage-related ventriculitis due to multidrug-resistant microorganisms.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and microbiological characteristics of adult patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage-related ventriculitis.

Methods: Retrospective study from January 2010 to June 2019 performed in the Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (Spain). Cases of CSF drainage-related ventriculitis in patients ≥18-year-old were gathered.

Oral amoxicillin/clavulanate for the prevention of bacteremia following dental extractions.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral amoxicillin/clavulanate (AMX-CL) for the prevention of bacteremia following dental extractions. The study group (AMX-CLG) comprised 40 adults requiring dental extractions under general anesthesia who were administered a prophylactic regimen of 1875/125 mg of AMX-CL orally 1-2 h prior to the surgery. Venous blood samples were collected from each patient at baseline and at 30 s and 15 min after dental extractions.

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage-related ventriculitis due to multidrug-resistant microorganisms.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and microbiological characteristics of adult patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage-related ventriculitis.

Methods: Retrospective study from January 2010 to June 2019 performed in the Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (Spain). Cases of CSF drainage-related ventriculitis in patients ≥18-year-old were gathered.

sp. nov., isolated from the oral cavity of a teenager with Down syndrome.

A new α-haemolytic streptococcal strain has been isolated from the dental plaque of a teenager with Down syndrome. Genetic and taxonomic analyses place this within the oralis group. It is a Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming spherical alpha-haemolytic coccus arranged in chains, and it ferments a large number of monosaccharides and disaccharides, as well as polymeric carbohydrates.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in swine housed indoors in Galicia, Spain.

Introduction: Livestock are known reservoirs of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and this constitutes an important public health issue. The prevalence of nasal MRSA carriers in swine housed indoors in Galicia, Spain, was studied.

Methods: 197 samples from swine aged three, eight, 12, 16 and 24 weeks, and from adult pigs, were obtained from four farms.

Moving beyond unsolicited consultation: additional impact of a structured intervention on mortality in Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia.

Background: Some evidence-based bundles have tried to standardize the management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) to improve the outcome. The aim of our study was to analyse the additional impact on mortality of a structured intervention in patients with SAB.

Methods: Compliance with the bundle was evaluated in an ambispective cohort of patients with SAB, which included a retrospective cohort [including patients treated before and after the implementation of a bacteraemia programme (no-BP and BP, respectively)] and a prospective cohort (i-BP), in which an additional specific intervention for bundle application was implemented.

Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of fluoroquinolone- and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Introduction: Fluoroquinolone resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has increased in recent years. The objective of this study was to characterise two MRSA populations, one susceptible to fluoroquinolones and other resistant identifying the clonal types and the differential characteristics of both MRSA populations.

Methods: Molecular typing using PFGE, MLST, spa and SSCmec was performed on 192 MRSA strains isolated from 2009 to 2011, 49 only oxacillin-resistant (OX-R) and 143 oxacillin and levofloxacin-resistant (OX-R-LEV-R).

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of unusual manifestations of invasive pneumococcal disease.

Introduction: Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) typically presents as bacterial pneumonia, meningitis or primary bacteraemia. However, Streptococcus pneumoniae can produce infection at any level of the body (endocarditis, arthritis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, etc.), which is also known as unusual IPD (uIPD).

A Pseudo-Outbreak of Pseudomonas putida and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a Bronchoscopy Unit.

Background: Endoscopes represent the medical devices most commonly linked to health care-associated outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks. Most of the recent outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks have resulted from contaminated automated endoscope reprocessors (AER) or the use of damaged or malfunctioning bronchoscopes or contaminated equipment.

Objectives: We investigated a pseudo-outbreak of Pseudomonas putida and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia recovered from bronchial washing (BW) specimens obtained during bronchoscopy in a bronchoscopy unit.

[New clone of ST-187 Acinetobacter baumannii responsible for an outbreak in an intensive care unit].

Introduction: An ICU-outbreak caused by a novel Acinetobacter baumannii clone is described.

Methods: An active search of carriers and environmental reservoirs was carried out. Carbapenemases genes were studied using multiplex-PCR and genotypic analysis by rep-PCR, PFGE and MLST.

[Influence of age on the clinical manifestations of invasive pneumococcal disease and antibiotic resistance rates].

Background And Objective: Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) shows different epidemiological characteristics depending on age and pneumococcus serotype. The aims of the work were to analyze the clinical manifestations and mortality associated with IPD, the serotype isolated and the antibiotic resistance rates in different age groups.

Patients And Method: Retrospectively, 141 patients with IPD diagnosed between 2002 and 2008 were studied.

Molecular epidemiology of plasmid-mediated high-level mupirocin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in four Spanish health care settings.

Mupirocin is used for the decolonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). High-level mupirocin resistance (Hi-Mup(R)) is of concern, having been associated with therapeutic failure. Our main objective was to assess the emergence and mode/s of spread of Hi-Mup(R) in the MRSA population recovered between 2002 and 2009 in four health care settings in the Pontevedra province, northwest Spain.

Usefulness of the restriction-modification test plus staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec types and Panton-Valentine leukocidin encoding phages to identify Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant clones.

We studied the usefulness of the restriction-modification (RM) test, staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec types, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-encoding phages to identify Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant lineages and to differentiate clones that belong to the same lineage. A total of 108 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)--multi-locus sequence typing (MLST)--spa-typing.