Comparative Study of Two Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Protocols: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTEs) are widely used as a therapeutic tool to create flow resistance in the upper airway. The current study was a randomized controlled clinical trial to establish the efficacy of two SOVTE protocols, flow-resistant tube (FRT) and Lessac-Madsen Resonant Voice Therapy (LMRVT). Exploratory investigations included a noninferiority analysis of FRT to the widely adopted therapy protocol (LMRVT), as well as examining the dosing required to improve acoustic measures and subjective ratings.

Safety and antiviral effect of a triple combination of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies: a phase 1/2a trial.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs) have to date shown transient viral suppression when administered as monotherapy or as a cocktail of two antibodies. A combination of three bNAbs provides improved neutralization coverage of global viruses, which may more potently suppress viral escape and rebound. Here we performed an open-label, two-part study evaluating a single intravenous dose of HIV-1 bNAbs, PGT121, PGDM1400 and VRC07-523LS, in six adults without HIV in part 1 and a multicenter trial of up to six monthly infusions of these three bNAbs in 12 people living with HIV with an antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption in part 2.

Incidence of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Upstaged to Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma During Mohs Surgery.

Objective: We sought to record the incidence and risk factors associated with upstaging squamous cell carcinoma (SCCIS) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) during Mohs surgery with the largest sample size to date.

Methods: Patient records of preoperative biopsy-proven SCCIS being treated with Mohs between January 2019 to March 2022 were identified and reviewed. Postoperative diagnoses of invasive SCC proven by dermal infiltration on pathology were identified as upstaged SCCIS.

Cutaneous Manifestations of Sarcoidosis Seen in a Patient with a History of Tuberous Sclerosis.

This case report details a patient with a history of tuberous sclerosis presenting with new-onset cutaneous lesions that turn out to be sarcoidosis. There may be a shared dysfunction of mTOR present in sarcoidosis and tuberous sclerosis. As a dermatologist, it is worth understanding the cutaneous manifestations of both diseases and maintaining a wide differential when new lesions arise in a patient with a history of either disorder.

Optimizing Diameter, Length, and Water Immersion in Flow Resistant Tube Vocalization.

Objective: The objective was to quantify the range of airflow resistance and oral pressure attainable with variation of length, diameter, and water immersion depth of tubes and straws.

Study Design: Pressure-flow equations for tubes, determined previously for variable tube geometries, were used to calculate oral pressure ranges. Human subjects were then recruited to use the variable tube geometries to produce oral pressures, which were quantified with commercial manometers.

Safety and antiviral activity of triple combination broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapy against HIV-1: a phase 1 clinical trial.

HIV-1 therapy with single or dual broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) has shown viral escape, indicating that at least a triple bNAb therapy may be needed for robust suppression of viremia. We performed a two-part study consisting of a single-center, randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation, placebo-controlled first-in-human trial of the HIV-1 V2-glycan-specific antibody PGDM1400 alone or in combination with the V3-glycan-specific antibody PGT121 in 24 adults without HIV in part 1, as well as a multi-center, open-label trial of the combination of PGDM1400, PGT121 and the CD4-binding-site antibody VRC07-523LS in five viremic adults living with HIV not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in part 2 ( NCT03205917 ). The primary endpoints were safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics for both parts and antiviral activity among viremic adults living with HIV and not on ART for part 2 of the study.

Safety, pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity of PGT121, a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody against HIV-1: a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 1 clinical trial.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-specific broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are currently under development to treat and prevent HIV-1 infection. We performed a single-center, randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation, placebo-controlled trial of a single administration of the HIV-1 V3-glycan-specific antibody PGT121 at 3, 10 and 30 mg kg in HIV-uninfected adults and HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART), as well as a multicenter, open-label trial of one infusion of PGT121 at 30 mg kg in viremic HIV-infected adults not on ART (no. NCT02960581).

Quantifying Vocal Repertoire Tessituras Through Real-Time Measures.

Introduction: Voice teachers use anecdotal evidence and experience in determining the appropriateness of repertoire for each student's development. Tessitura is important in that determination, but until recently a straightforward, repeatable, and quantifiable method for determining tessitura has not existed. However, technology exists to provide the means to estimate the tessituras of standard vocal repertoire by measuring sung pitch (fundamental frequency) and vocal dose (amount of phonation) in real-time performance.

Cutaneous Plasmacytosis Associated with Ehrlichiosis in an African-American Patient.

Cutaneous plasmacytosis is a rare disease that presents clinically with multiple red-brown papules and plaques with minimal to no epidermal change. Histopathologic findings include a perivascular dermal infiltration of polyclonal plasma cells. The etiology of cutaneous plasmacytosis is unknown, but hypothesized to be due to persistent or repeated antigenic stimulation.

Vocalization with semi-occluded airways is favorable for optimizing sound production.

Vocalization in mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians occurs with airways that have wide openings to free-space for efficient sound radiation, but sound is also produced with occluded or semi-occluded airways that have small openings to free-space. It is hypothesized that pressures produced inside the airway with semi-occluded vocalizations have an overall widening effect on the airway. This overall widening then provides more opportunity to produce wide-narrow contrasts along the airway for variation in sound quality and loudness.

Single-shot Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques.

A safe and effective vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be required to end the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. For global deployment and pandemic control, a vaccine that requires only a single immunization would be optimal. Here we show the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a single dose of adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) vector-based vaccines expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein in non-human primates.