In situ repair of segmental loss posterior lateral meniscal root tears outperforms meniscofemoral ligament imbrication in the ACL reconstructed knee.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical effect of in-situ repair of posterior lateral meniscal root (PLMR) tear with segmental meniscal loss, with and without meniscofemoral ligament (MFL) imbrication, on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft force and knee joint kinematics.

Methods: Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric knee specimens underwent kinematic evaluation in five states: 1) Native, 2) ACLR, 3) Segmental PLMR loss, 4) In-situ PLMR repair, and 5) MFL augmentation. Kinematic evaluation consisted of five tests, each performed at full extension and at 30° of flexion: 1) Anterior drawer, 2) Internal Rotation, 3) External Rotation, 4) Varus, and 5) Valgus.

Shoulder Pathology on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Asymptomatic Elite-Level Rock Climbers.

Background: The prevalence of findings on shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is high in asymptomatic athletes of overhead sports.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of atypical findings on MRI in shoulders of asymptomatic, elite-level climbers and to evaluate the association of these findings with clinical examination results. It was hypothesized that glenoid labrum, long head of the biceps tendon, and articular cartilage pathology would be present in >50% of asymptomatic athletes.

Arthroscopic Hip Capsular Reconstruction Using Iliotibial Band Allograft as a Salvage Option for Unrepairable Capsular Defects Demonstrates Good Survivorship and Improved Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Purpose: To describe patient outcomes 3 to 5 years after arthroscopic hip capsule reconstruction.

Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2016, patients aged 18 to 50 years who underwent arthroscopic hip capsular reconstruction using an Iliotibial band allograft by the senior author and had minimum of 3-year follow-up were identified. Patients were excluded if they had previous open hip surgery, advanced osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade >2), significant acetabular dysplasia (lateral center edge angle <20°), avascular necrosis, or Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.

Lower Center Edge Angle and Bioipolar Cartilage Lesions Are Associated With Conversion to Hip Arthroplasty Within 2 Years Following Hip Arthroscopy: A Matched Cohort Analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiographic parameters, intraoperative findings, patient-reported outcome measures, or intraoperative interventions that were performed differentiate those patients with >2 mm of joint space who convert under two years to total hip arthroplasty (THA) after undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) when compared to those converting after 2 years.

Methods: Included in this study were patients who underwent conversion to THA within 2 years of primary hip arthroscopy from a prospectively collected patient registry from 2007 to 2017. Patients who underwent early conversions to arthroplasty were matched 1:1 with patients who converted after 2 years, based upon age and gender.

Segmental Meniscus Allograft Transplantation.

Meniscal tears treated with partial meniscectomies have been shown to significantly increase contract pressures within the tibiofemoral joint, and a complete focal meniscal deficiency may render the entirety of the meniscus functionally incompetent. Although various techniques of meniscal transplantation have been described, these techniques may require the excision of a considerable amount of healthy meniscal tissue. Furthermore, failures continue to frequently occur.

Does coating an intramedullary nail with polymethylmethacrylate improve mechanical stability at the fracture site?

Background: Treatment of tibia diaphyseal fractures with intramedullary nail fixation has proven to be effective. An increasingly popular practice is to coat the nail with bone cement incorporating antibiotics for the purpose of treating and/or preventing infection. To date, the effect of coating on the mechanical performance of the intramedullary nail once implanted is unknown.

Arthroscopic Labral Repair of the Hip Using a Self-Grasping Suture-Passing Device: Maintaining the Chondrolabral Junction.

In the setting of femoroacetabular impingement, the acetabular labrum may be torn or pathologic, and it must be surgically repaired to restore the native suction seal and hip function. However, the current methods of arthroscopic suture passage commonly result in some degree of disruption of the chondrolabral junction, with penetration and shuttling of the repair sutures. Novel instrumentation and surgical techniques have aimed to repair the acetabular labrum with decreased violation of the intrasubstance fibers to provide anatomic eversion/inversion of the labrum to restore the suction seal.

Current Trends in Anesthesia Management in Hallux Valgus.

Anesthesia management during hallux valgus surgery trends toward multimodal pain control. Locoregional anesthesia with peripheral nerve blocks and wound instillation increase pain control. Peripheral nerve blocks as first-line analgesia are effective with minimal side effects.

Lessons learned from volar plate fixation of scaphoid fracture nonunions.

Unlabelled: Treating scaphoid nonunions presents difficulties particularly when there is bone loss, significant humpback deformity or avascular necrosis. We describe a new type of fixation with a volar scaphoid plate that adds to the methods of internal fixation that are available for the treatment of recalcitrant scaphoid nonunions. We will also discuss 'lessons learned' from a cases series.

Primary Osteosarcoma of the Bone with Rhabdoid Features: A Rare, Previously Undescribed Primary Malignant Tumor of Bone.

Primary osteosarcoma of the bone with rhabdoid features is a rare malignant tumor of bone, not previously described in the literature. Here we report a 69-year-old female who originally presented with a right femur pathologic fracture. Radiographs of the injury showed an aggressive-appearing lesion of the distal femur.

Glenoid Bone Loss in Traumatic Glenohumeral Instability in the Adolescent Population.

Background: Glenoid bone loss can affect the outcome and treatment for posttraumatic recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability. Clinical presentation in the adolescent age group with shoulder instability and glenoid bone loss is largely unknown. On the basis of this information, we believe there will be a high incidence of glenoid bone loss in adolescent patients with recurrent glenohumeral instability.

Olfactory conditioning in the third instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster using heat shock reinforcement.

Adult Drosophila melanogaster has long been a popular model for learning and memory studies. Now the larval stage of the fruit fly is also being used in an increasing number of classical conditioning studies. In this study, we employed heat shock as a novel negative reinforcement for larvae and obtained high learning scores following just one training trial.