Comprehensive NGS profiling to enable detection of gene rearrangements and amplifications in non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is currently widely used for biomarker studies and molecular profiling to identify concurrent alterations that can lead to the better characterization of a tumor's molecular landscape. However, further evaluation of technical aspects related to the detection of gene rearrangements and copy number alterations is warranted.

Methods: There were 12 rearrangement-positive tumor specimens from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously detected via fluorescence hybridization (FISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and an RNA-based NGS assay, and 26 high gene copy number (GCN) cases detected by FISH, selected for this retrospective study.

MultiCOVID: a multi modal deep learning approach for COVID-19 diagnosis.

The rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 led to a global overextension of healthcare. Both Chest X-rays (CXR) and blood test have been demonstrated to have predictive value on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis on different prevalence scenarios. With the objective of improving and accelerating the diagnosis of COVID-19, a multi modal prediction algorithm (MultiCOVID) based on CXR and blood test was developed, to discriminate between COVID-19, Heart Failure and Non-COVID Pneumonia and healthy (Control) patients.

Evaluation of the host immune response assay SeptiCyte RAPID for potential triage of COVID-19 patients.

Tools for the evaluation of COVID-19 severity would help clinicians with triage decisions, especially the decision whether to admit to ICU. The aim of this study was to evaluate SeptiCyte RAPID, a host immune response assay (Immunexpress, Seattle USA) as a triaging tool for COVID-19 patients requiring hospitalization and potentially ICU care. SeptiCyte RAPID employs a host gene expression signature consisting of the ratio of expression levels of two immune related mRNAs, PLA2G7 and PLAC8, measured from whole blood samples.

CD33 Expression on Peripheral Blood Monocytes Predicts Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has transformed cancer medicine, with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy now well-utilized for treating NSCLC. Still, not all patients with NSCLC respond positively to anti-PD-1 therapy, and some patients acquire resistance to treatment.

Comparison of Different Methods for Defining Hyperprogressive Disease in NSCLC.

Introduction: Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) as a consequence of immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC has been reported in multiple studies. However, inconsistent results in incidence and survival outcomes within studies, together with different assessment methods, have led to increasing controversy regarding the concept of HPD.

Methods: Consecutive patients treated with nivolumab (N = 42) or docetaxel (N = 37) were evaluated.

Plasmatic KRAS Kinetics for the Prediction of Treatment Response and Progression in Patients With KRAS-mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: KRAS is the most common driver mutation in lung cancer. ctDNA-based assessment offers advantages over tumor as a minimally invasive method able to capture tumor heterogeneity. Monitoring KRAS mutational load in ctDNA may be useful in the management of the patients.

Concomitant genomic alterations in KRAS mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: KRAS mutations are one of the most prevalent alterations in non-small cell lung cancer. However, patients with this driver alteration present heterogeneous clinical outcomes. In this study, we have explored the potential clinical impact of coexisting alterations in this subset of patients.

MET Inhibitors in Small Cell Lung Cancer: From the Bench to the Bedside.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive type of lung cancer. The different systemic treatment approaches attempted in the last 35 years have not improved overall survival in the advanced stage. Targeted therapies assessed in clinical trials have failed to show efficacy against SCLC.

Real-world data on T-DM1 efficacy - results of a single-center retrospective study of HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

T-DM1 is an antibody drug conjugate that combines trastuzumab with emtansine via a stable thioether linker. In two phase III clinical trials, EMILIA and TH3RESA, T-DM1 was shown to be effective in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients who had progressed to taxanes and trastuzumab. We have performed a real-world study to complement the findings of the clinical trials.

Serum cytokine levels as predictive biomarkers of benefit from ipilimumab in small cell lung cancer.

. Immunotherapy has shown efficacy in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), but only a subset of patients benefits. Surrogate biomarkers are urgently needed.

Dynamics of EGFR Mutation Load in Plasma for Prediction of Treatment Response and Disease Progression in Patients With EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: The assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations is crucial for the management of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based assessment offers advantages over tumor as a minimally invasive method able to capture tumor heterogeneity.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma in tumor biopsy were included in this study.

Heterogeneity of Tumor and Immune Cell PD-L1 Expression and Lymphocyte Counts in Surgical NSCLC Samples.

Background: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have shown remarkable therapeutic activity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, biomarker-based patient selection remains a challenge. Our aim was to assess the heterogeneity of various immune markers between different tumor areas of surgically resected NSCLC specimens.

Use of denosumab in a dialysis patient with bone metastases from breast cancer and hepatorenal polycystic disease: a case report.

Cancer patients with severe renal dysfunction represent a challenge for the physician. This is the first case report on the use of denosumab in a dialysis patient with bone metastases. We present the clinical case of a 45-year-old woman who had hepatorenal polycystic disease, diagnosed during childhood, and stage IV chronic kidney failure at the time of breast cancer diagnosis.