Substantial influence of psychological factors on return to sports after anterior shoulder instability surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to (1) determine the proportion of patients who underwent anterior shoulder instability surgery and did not return to sports for psychological reasons and (2) estimate differences in psychological readiness scores between patients who did and did not return to sports.

Methods: The EBSCOhost/SPORTDiscus, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies. The data synthesis included the proportion of patients who did not return to sports for psychological reasons and the mean differences in the psychological readiness of athletes who returned and those who did not return to sports.

The Reliability of Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Classification Systems: A Comparison Between the Rockwood and Kraus Classifications.

Background: The Rockwood system for the classification of acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations has been associated with a lack of reliability. A novel system has been proposed (Kraus classification) that is based on dynamic posterior translation of these injuries.

Purpose: To assess the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Rockwood and Kraus classification systems and also to examine the impact of surgeon experience on the assessments.

New precontoured long locking plate for proximal metadiaphyseal fractures of the humerus: a cadaveric study for its use with the minimally invasive technique.

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify nerves at risk when using a minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis precontoured long proximal humerus locking plate and to evaluate the risk of injury to deltoid insertion and brachialis muscle.

Methods: Ten cadaveric upper limb specimens were used. A transdeltoid anterolateral approach was performed proximally and a second anterior approach was performed distally.

Suprapectoral biceps tenodesis with bicortical drilling procedures: anatomic analysis of chondral and axillary nerve risk with transhumeral pin guide.

Background: Many biceps tenodesis (BT) procedures are described for treating proximal biceps pathology. Axillary nerve injury has been reported during BT using bicortical drilling techniques with variable results depending on the location. In addition, there is a risk of potential articular damage during suprapectoral BT.

Knee Examination under Anesthesia: Development of a Predictive Score for Partial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears.

Purpose: To determine the accuracy of knee examination under anesthesia (EUA) and develop a prognostic score for partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.

Materials And Methods: A total of 229 patients with an ACL injury were included. Knee EUA was performed using the Lachman test, pivot shift test and arthrometric maximum manual side-to-side difference (AMMD) test.

The effect of tunnel placement on bone-tendon healing in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a goat model.

Background: Misplacement of the bone tunnels is one of the main causes of graft failure of anterior cruciate ligament surgery.

Hypothesis: Anatomic tunnel placement in anterior cruciate ligament surgery reconstruction will lead to improved outcomes, including biological ingrowth and biomechanical properties, when compared with nonanatomic tunnel placement.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Tibiofemoral joint contact area and pressure after single- and double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the tibiofemoral contact area and pressure after single-bundle (SB) and double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction by use of 2 femoral and 2 tibial tunnels in intact cadaveric knees.

Methods: Tibiofemoral contact area and mean and maximum pressures were measured by pressure-sensitive film (Fujifilm, Valhalla, NY) inserted between the tibia and femur. The knee was subjected to a 1,000-N axial load by use of a uniaxial testing machine at 0 degrees , 15 degrees , 30 degrees , and 45 degrees of flexion.

Graft healing in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Graft healing within the bone tunnel after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is still a complex, poorly understood biological process that is influenced by multiple surgical and postoperative variables. However, remarkable advances in knowledge of this process have been made based primarly on animal models. According to the findings of this review, some surgical and postoperative variables are known to directly affect time-course and quality of graft-tunnel healing.

Topography of the femoral attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament.

Background: The success of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has varied. The objective of this study was to determine quantitatively and qualitatively the topography and osseous landmarks of the femoral footprints of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles of the posterior cruciate ligament in order to enhance repair.

Methods: Twenty unpaired knees from twenty human cadavers were evaluated.

Osseous landmarks of the femoral attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament: an anatomic study.

Purpose: Anatomic tunnel placement is critical to the success of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the osseous landmarks of femoral attachment of the ACL.

Methods: The femoral attachment of the ACL was studied histologically in seven human fetuses, arthroscopically in 60 patients who underwent ACL surgery, and grossly in 16 cadaveric knees.

Patellofemoral evaluation with radiographs and computed tomography scans in 60 knees of asymptomatic subjects.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to show the results of patellofemoral joint imaging in healthy volunteers, to propose a standardization of the technique, and to test the statistical correlation and reliability of the different imaging results.

Methods: In 30 healthy police academy student volunteers of both sexes, standard knee radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained. The angles and distances were measured, and a statistical analysis was applied.