In prostate cancer, DNA methylation is significantly associated with tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Previous studies have suggested that soy phytoestrogens might regulate DNA methylation at individual candidate gene loci and that they play a crucial role as potential therapeutic agents for prostate cancer. The purpose of our study was to examine the modulation effects of phytoestrogens on a genome-wide scale in regards to DNA methylation in prostate cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Endocrinol (Paris)
February 2015
With 13 million new cases worldwide every year, prostate cancer is as a very real public health concern. Prostate cancer is common in over-50s men and the sixth-leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Like all cancers, prostate cancer is multifactorial - there are non-modifiable risk factors like heredity, ethnicity and geographic location, but also modifiable risk factors such as diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMajor phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein have been reported to have the ability to reverse DNA methylation in cancer cell lines. The mechanism by which genistein and daidzein have an inhibiting action on DNA methylation is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soy phytoestrogens and the natural estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2) to determine whether one of the estrogen receptors is mobilized for the action of these compounds on DNA methylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiet is believed to play an important role in cancer. It has been revealed by epidemiological studies that Asian populations, who consume phytoestrogens in large amounts, have a lower incidence of prostate cancer in comparison with the Western world, where consumption of soy is lower. Genistein and daidzein, the soy phytoestrogens most widely studied, are believed to be potent anticancer agents and have been shown to possess anticancer properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: DNA hypermethylation is an epigenetic mechanism which induces silencing of tumor-suppressor genes in prostate cancer. Many studies have reported that specific components of food plants like soy phytoestrogens may have protective effects against prostate carcinogenesis or progression. Genistein and daidzein, the major phytoestrogens, have been reported to have the ability to reverse DNA hypermethylation in cancer cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have aberrant expression in prostate cancer tissues. miRNAs are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer, and several miRNAs have been characterized as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. It has been shown that some miRNAs can be directly regulated from their own promoters by epigenetic alterations in cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification and characterization of biomarkers in prostate cancer are important for improving the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine differences in the expression of 4 genes according to the stage of malignancy in prostate cancer. We analyzed BRCA1, BRCA2, androgen receptor (AR) and IGF-I gene expression in a cohort of 98 prostate biopsies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of soy phytoestrogens on the methylation of promoter genes in prostate tumors. The incidence of prostate cancer in Asia is thirty percent lower than in Western countries. Since soy phytoestrogens represent a large portion of the Asian diet, evidence suggests their protective effect against prostate cancer.
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