Factors Affecting the Duration of Hospitalization in Urology and Nephrology Patients in the Intensive Care Unit.

Introduction Prolonged stays in the intensive care unit (ICU) are known to increase the risk of adverse outcomes following severe conditions. This study focuses on the factors affecting ICU length of stay, particularly in Urology and Nephrology patients who require intensive monitoring and specialized care, and their impact on patient outcomes. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 45 patients.

Perceived stress and monetary burden among thalassemia patients and their caregivers.

Objective: To find the perceived stress level and monetary burden in the thalassemia patients and their caregivers related to thalassemia treatment sessions.

Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Rawalpindi Thalassemia Centre and Military Hospital Rawalpindi of six months' duration from November 2016 to April 2017. A total of 87 sample size was calculated by using WHO sample size calculator.