Influence of the Type of Physical Training on the Physical Fitness of Army Cadets.

Introduction: Military Physical Training programs represent a constant challenge for the Armed Forces to improve body composition indices and physical fitness levels. This study aimed to verify the influence of the type of training on the physical fitness and body composition of army cadets, using 2 strategies: a sports program (Athletes group) and conventional physical training (Traditional group).

Materials And Methods: This study involved new entrant male cadets who were selected for the Athletes group (n = 243, 19.

Dapagliflozin cardiovascular effects on end-stage kidney disease (DARE-ESKD-2) trial: rationale and design.

Purpose: Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) remarkably reduced the incidence of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death of conservatively managed chronic kidney disease. We hypothesized that adding SGLT2i to standard treatment would yield cardiovascular benefits also in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) individuals on dialysis.

Methods: The DARE-ESKD-2 Trial (NCT05685394) is an ongoing, single-center, open-label, controlled trial aimed at assessing the cardiovascular effects of dapagliflozin in ESKD on dialysis.

Positive association of lean mass and negative association of protein intake on bone mass and bone geometry of adolescent soccer players.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of food consumption and body composition on bone parameters in adolescent soccer players.

Methods: There were 148 male soccer players 12 to 18 y who participated in the study. Body composition was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, comprising bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of total body without head (TBLH), lumbar spine (L1-L4), and right femoral neck (RFN).

Effect of Physical Training on Body Composition in Brazilian Military.

The military are selected on the basis of physical standards and are regularly involved in strong physical activities, also related to particular sports training. The aims of the study were to analyze the effect of a 7-month military training program on body composition variables and the suitability of specific 'bioelectrical impedance vector analysis' (spBIVA), compared to DXA, to detect the changes in body composition. A sample of 270 male Brazilian cadets (19.

Physical training over 6 months is associated with improved changes in phase angle, body composition, and blood glucose in healthy young males.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between phase angle, body composition, and blood glucose changes in healthy young males after 6 months of physical training.

Methods: Volunteers, 98 healthy males (18.8 ± 0.

Effect of 7 Months of Physical Training and Military Routine on the Bone Mass of Young Adults.

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) has a great influence on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), however longitudinal studies that seek to relate bone mass to physical activity are scarce and have a small sample size. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of 7 months of military physical training (MPT), impact sports (IS), and swimming in the bone mass of young military adults.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 213 military school students (male and aged 19.

Can anthropometric, body composition, and bone variables be considered risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in Brazilian military students?

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries are the main cause of premature discharge from military service and can sometimes lead to permanent disabilities. Some intrinsic risk factors are well discussed in the literature. However, the relation between body composition variables and the risk for musculoskeletal injury is not well known or recognized.

Accuracy of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Estimated Longitudinal Fat-Free Mass Changes in Male Army Cadets.

Introduction: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a practical and rapid method for making a longitudinal analysis of changes in body composition. However, most BIA validation studies have been performed in a clinical population and only at one moment, or point in time (cross-sectional study). The aim of this study is to investigate the accuracy of predictive equations based on BIA with regard to the changes in fat-free mass (FFM) in Brazilian male army cadets after 7 mo of military training.

Adaptive thermogenesis and changes in body composition and physical fitness in army cadets.

Background: To analyze the association between a 34-week military training on body composition, physical fitness and compensatory changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) recognized as adaptive thermogenesis (AT). We also explored if regional body composition changes were related to AT.

Methods: Twenty-nine male army cadets, aged 17 to 22 years were tested at baseline (T0) and after 34-weeks military training (T1).

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry metabolic maps to resting energy expenditure estimation, and body size dependence in Brazilian young men.

Objectives: The model most suitable for estimating resting energy expenditure (REE) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) metabolic maps is not known; moreover, the applicability in individuals with different body sizes also is uncertain. The aim of this study was to test the accuracy of REE estimation from models of DXA metabolic maps with four, five, and six tissue-organ components in young men, stratified by body size.

Methods: We studied 52 young men between the ages of 18 and 29 y.

Validity of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis to Estimation Fat-Free Mass in the Army Cadets.

Background: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a fast, practical, non-invasive, and frequently used method for fat-free mass (FFM) estimation. The aims of this study were to validate predictive equations of BIA to FFM estimation in Army cadets and to develop and validate a specific BIA equation for this population.

Methods: A total of 396 males, Brazilian Army cadets, aged 17-24 years were included.

Minimum Time to Achieve the Steady State and Optimum Abbreviated Period to Estimate the Resting Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry in Healthy Young Adults.

Background: The optimum abbreviated period for measurement by indirect calorimetry (IC) to estimate the resting energy expenditure (REE), including the acclimation period, in healthy individuals has not been established. This study aimed to determine the acclimation time required to achieve the REE steady state during a 30-minute IC measurement and to define the optimum abbreviated measurement period in the steady state to estimate the REE in healthy young adults.

Methods: Thirty-nine volunteers (27 men and 12 women; age, 18-31 years) were recruited.

Body composition as a frailty marker for the elderly community.

Background: Body composition (BC) in the elderly has been associated with diseases and mortality; however, there is a shortage of data on frailty in the elderly.

Objective: To investigate the association between BC and frailty, and identify BC profiles in nonfrail, prefrail, and frail elderly people.

Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 235 elderly (142 females and 93 males) aged ≥65 years, from the city of Amparo, State of São Paulo, Brazil, was undertaken.