A real-world cross-sectional study evaluating the role of an oral amino acid-based supplement in nutrient intake by preschoolers on a cow's milk elimination diet.

Introduction And Objectives: Food allergy has several negative nutritional consequences and may persist beyond the first year of lives. This study aimed to assess the role of a complete oral amino acid-based supplement in the diet of children on cow's milk protein elimination diet because of food allergy.

Materials And Methods: This study included two groups of children aged 1-5 years paired by age and socioeconomic status: (1) study group, on cow's milk protein elimination diet plus an oral amino acid-based supplement, and (2) control group, on cow's milk protein elimination diet.

Improving the Nutritional Status of Socially Vulnerable Children in Manaus, Brazilian Amazon, through a Food Supplementation Programme.

Information on the effects of government nutrition programmes provided to socially vulnerable children to improve their nutritional status is scarce. We analysed the effectiveness of a nutritional programme, including food supplementation with infant formula, on the evolution of the weight and height of socially vulnerable children from Manaus in the Brazilian Amazon. This study included 7752 children aged 12-24 months admitted to the programme between 2017 and 2020.

Assessing impaired gastric accommodation in children with functional constipation using the water load test.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate gastric accommodation in pediatric patients with functional constipation using the water load test.

Method: This was a cross-sectional case-control study. Herein, the water load test results of children aged >4 years with functional constipation referred to a Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic (functional constipation group) were compared with those of a control group (without functional constipation or chronic abdominal pain) recruited from two public schools.

Hypohydration, Functional Constipation, and Physical Activity in Elementary School Students.

This school-based, cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether hypohydration is related to functional constipation and physical activity in school-aged children. The study included 452 students aged 6-12 years. Hypohydration, defined as urinary osmolality >800 mOsm/kg, was more prevalent ( P = 0.

Real-life data on the effectiveness of extensively hydrolyzed protein-based formula and amino acid-based formula in regaining weight and height in infants on a cow's milk protein elimination diet.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of extensively hydrolyzed protein-based formula (EHF) or amino acid-based formula (AAF) in reversing the weight and height deficit in infants on a cow's milk protein elimination diet.

Methods: Infants from a retrospective cohort who were fed EHF (n = 17) or AAF (n = 16) for at least 2 months on a cow's milk protein elimination diet were included. The weight and height values recorded in the infants' medical records were obtained.

Overweight status, abdominal circumference, physical activity, and functional constipation in children.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of functional constipation and its relationship with the food intake, overweight status, and physical activity of children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included students from two public schools in the municipality of Osasco, which is located in the metropolitan area of São Paulo. Functional constipation was diagnosed if the clinical manifestations of the Rome IV criteria were present for more than 2 months.

THE FATIGUE RATE INDEX IS HIGHER IN CHILDREN WITH FUNCTIONAL CONSTIPATION AND RETENTIVE FECAL INCONTINENCE.

Background: The Fatigue Rate Index (FRI) is a parameter in anorectal manometry (ARM) to assess sustained voluntary contraction, considering the squeeze pressure and fatigability of the external anal sphincter. It is used in adults to detect fecal incontinence even in patients who present normal squeeze pressures. The FRI in adult patients with functional constipation is similar to controls.

CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF FUNCTIONAL CONSTIPATION AND BOWEL-HABIT PATTERNS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN RECRUITED FROM TWO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS AND A SPECIALIZED OUTPATIENT CLINIC.

Background: Early diagnosis of functional constipation is important for reducing its negative consequences on the health of children and adolescents.

Objective: To describe the clinical spectrum of functional constipation and bowel habit patterns in schoolchildren recruited from two primary schools and patients from a pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 452 students from two elementary schools in the city of Osasco and 81 patients with functional constipation seen in an outpatient clinic specializing in pediatric gastroenterology.

Prematurity and functional gastrointestinal disorders in infancy: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are defined as a variable combination of chronic or recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms that are not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. Their relationship with prematurity has been increasingly studied.

Objective: To compare the frequency of FGIDs in preterm and term infants and to evaluate whether invasive procedures during the neonatal period in preterm infants are associated with greater likelihood of FGIDs in the first two years of life.

Complementary feeding and nutritional status of infants on cow's milk proteins elimination diet.

Objective: To evaluate the diet and nutritional status of infants on an elimination diet of cow's milk proteins.

Methods: Observational and cross-sectional study that compared: Infants on a cow's milk protein elimination diet (n=60) assisted at a hypoallergenic formula distribution unit and a control group of same age and gender without dietary restrictions (n=60). Age ranged from 6 to 24 months.

Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Brazilian Infants Seen in Private Pediatric Practices and Their Associated Factors.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of the most frequent functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in Brazilian infants seen in private pediatric clinics and their relationship with cesarean delivery, breastfeeding, and history of prematurity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 5080 infants under 12 months old with routine visits in private pediatric clinics in Brazil. The mothers answered questions about the type of delivery, type of feeding (breast milk, infant formula, cow milk, mixed feeding), history of prematurity, and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Outcome of food intake and nutritional status after discontinuation of a cow's-milk-free diet post negative oral food challenge in infants and children.

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of food intake and nutritional status post discontinuation of a cow's-milk-free diet after a negative oral food challenge.

Methods: This was a prospective, uncontrolled study that evaluated food intake and nutritional status of a cohort of 80 infants and children under 5 years of age. Food intake and nutritional status were evaluated on the day of the oral food challenge test and after 30 days.

Feeding difficulties in children fed a cows' milk elimination diet.

A cross-sectional study compared feeding difficulties in children aged 2-5 years fed a cows' milk elimination diet due to food allergy with a control group on an unrestricted diet. All data were obtained online. Specific questionnaires evaluated three types of feeding difficulties: avoidant eating, picky eating and feeding problems.

Breastfeeding in infants seen in private pediatric practices and its relation with type of delivery and history of prematurity.

Objective: To describe the type of milk used to feed infants seen in private pediatric practices in Brazil. To evaluate the relationship between breastfeeding, type of delivery, and history of prematurity.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional and observational study that included 4929 infants in the first year of life seen in private pediatric practices in the five geographic regions of Brazil.

Association between abuse and neglect with functional constipation and irritable bowel syndrome in adolescents.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between violence exposure, abuse, and neglect victimization with functional constipation and irritable bowel syndrome in adolescents.

Methods: Observational cross-sectional case-control study conducted with adolescents from two public schools in the municipality of Osasco, metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. A self-administered questionnaire validated for Brazilian Portuguese Child Abuse Screening Tools - Children's version (ICAST-C) was used to screen the different types of violence.

Fluid intake and urinary osmolality in pediatric patients with functional constipation.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate fluid intake and urinary osmolality in pediatric patients with functional constipation.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case-control study that prospectively included two groups: 36 pediatric patients older than 4 years with functional constipation (Rome III criteria) who were consecutively admitted in a public tertiary pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic and 93 controls with normal bowel habits. The control group was recruited from a public school and did not have any of the characteristics of the Rome III criteria.

Evaluation of the complementary feeding practices, dietary intake, and nutritional status of infants on a cow's milk protein elimination diet.

Objective: To evaluate the complementary feeding practices, food intake, and nutritional status of infants on a cow's milk protein elimination diet.

Methods: A cross-sectional and observational study was conducted to compare infants aged 4-18 months who were on a cow's milk protein elimination diet with a control group of healthy infants without any dietary restrictions. General information on the child's health, demographic data, and food consumption were collected.

Colonic Transit Time and Fecal Impaction in Children and Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis-associated Constipation.

Background: Constipation is prevalent in pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and colonic motility has not been studied in this population. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the total and segmental colonic transit time in children and adolescents with CF based on the presence of constipation and radiological fecal impaction.

Methods: In this case series, all patients aged 3 to 20 years of a CF reference center were invited to participate.

Effect of Polydextrose/Fructooligosaccharide Mixture on Constipation Symptoms in Children Aged 4 to 8 Years.

Constipation is a frequent problem in children. We evaluated the effect of a mixture (polydextrose [PDX] and fructooligosaccharide [FOS]) in children with constipation. We performed a prospective interventional study with a mixture (PDX 4.

Impact of Infant Milk-Type and Childhood Eating Behaviors on Functional Constipation in Preschool Children.

Objective: To investigate the association between functional constipation, infant feeding in early infancy and eating behavior in preschool children.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in public and private schools in the state of Sergipe (Northeast of Brazil). The sample calculation was based on a 25% estimate of constipation prevalence in Brazilian children, resulting in a sample size of 1051 children.

Gut microbiota comparison of vaginally and cesarean born infants exclusively breastfed by mothers secreting α1-2 fucosylated oligosaccharides in breast milk.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding promotes beneficial modifications on the microbiota of cesarean born infants, but little is known about the role of specific breast milk components in this modulation. Women with an active FUT2 gene (called secretors) secrete α1-2 fucosylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which promote Bifidobacterium in the infant's gut and may modulate the microbiota of cesarean born infants.

Objective: To compare the microbiota composition of cesarean and vaginally born infants breastfed by secretor mothers.

Gut Microbiota of Young Children Living in Four Brazilian Cities.

Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota development is influenced by human biogeographic factors such as race, ethnicity, diet, lifestyle or culture-specific variations, and other environmental influences. However, biogeographic variation in gut microbiota assembly remains largely unexplored in Latin America. In this paper, we compared food recall information and microbiota composition of toddlers living in geographically separated urban populations within four states of Brazil.

Intestinal permeability and small intestine bacterial overgrowth in excess weight adolescents.

Background: Increased intestinal permeability may be associated with certain disorders, such as obesity and small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate intestinal permeability and SIBO in excess weight adolescents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 67 adolescents with excess weight and 66 normal weight adolescents.

Adiponectin is Increased in Pediatric Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis Independent of Body Weight.

Objective: A high prevalence of obesity is reported in children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Adipokines participate in inflammatory processes. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between excess weight and systemic inflammation, adipokines, and ghrelin in adolescents with AIH.