Strongyloides stercoralis infection: an underlying cause of invasive bacterial infections of enteric origin. Results from a prospective cross-sectional study of a northern Italian tertiary hospital.

Purpose Of The Study: We assessed the prevalence of S. stercoralis in a cohort of inpatients with invasive bacterial infections of enteric origin to investigate whether the parasite may facilitate these bacterial infections even in the absence of larval hyperproliferation.

Methods: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study in a hospital in northern Italy.

Atypical monkeypox presentation in a previously vaccinated MSM HIV-positive adult.

The outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in non-endemic countries is an international public health emergency, and the diversity in manifestations poses challenges for early diagnosis and isolation. We describe an atypical case of monkeypox (MPX) in a 46-year-old homosexual male living with HIV. He reported 1-day duration fever, a lesion on his chin that, over a period of 18 days, had gradually enlarged and ulcerated.

Syphilis Infections, Reinfections and Serological Response in a Large Italian Sexually Transmitted Disease Centre: A Monocentric Retrospective Study.

Background: Syphilis infection does not confer definitive and protective immunity against reinfection, and crucial aspects of repeated episodes of syphilis are far from being understood, especially among people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods: In order to explore the burden of syphilis in a large cohort of HIV-negative patients and PLWH, this retrospective study describes the demographics, clinical presentation and treatment outcome of patients with syphilis treated at our clinic from 2013 to 2021. Results: Within the study period, 1859 syphilis episodes (827, 44.

Fragmentation of Healthcare Services as a Possible Determinant of the Low Completion for the Tuberculosis Cascade of Prevention among Asylum Seekers: Results from a Prospective Study with Historical Comparison.

Effective screening for tuberculosis infection (TBI) among asylum seekers (AS) is crucial for tuberculosis (TB) elimination in low incidence countries. We assessed the proportion of completion of the screening for TBI among asylum seekers with a centralized delivery method compared to the decentralized model previously adopted in the study area (historical control). In the historical model (January 2017 to May 2018) screening of AS was performed at the arrival offering TBI testing (TST followed by IGRA among those positive), radiological investigation, treatment initiation and hospital referral, if needed, at three sites: migrant health clinic, pneumology clinic and infectious diseases department for active disease (decentralized model).

Strongyloides infection manifested during immunosuppressive therapy for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed formidable public health and clinical challenges. The use of immunosuppressive agents, such as high dose corticosteroids and cytokine inhibitors (e.g.

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic on tuberculosis treatment outcome in Northern Italy.

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Acute histoplasmosis in travelers: a retrospective study in an Italian referral center for tropical diseases.

: Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection acquired through inhalation of microconidia, mostly present in the Americas. Both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients can present a wide spectrum of signs/symptoms, ranging from mild disease to a severe, disseminated infection. The aim of this observational study is to describe histoplasmosis cases diagnosed in travelers and their clinical/radiological and therapeutic pattern.

Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy.

Background: In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness on this issue are not available.

Methods: We report the results of a survey on selected NTDs (schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, cysticercosis, filariasis and scabies) in nine Italian sentinel centres, in order to investigate their occurrence throughout the country and identify which ones are a priority for public health interventions, development of protocols for case management, and training activities.

Correction to: The diagnosis and treatment of urogenital schistosomiasis in Italy in a retrospective cohort of immigrants from Sub-Saharan Africa.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The given name and family name of Filippo Parretti was transposed in the original publication. The correct name is as shown above.

The diagnosis and treatment of urogenital schistosomiasis in Italy in a retrospective cohort of immigrants from Sub-Saharan Africa.

Objectives: To evaluate ultrasound and praziquantel to, respectively, assess and reduce urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS)-associated morbidity in migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods: Migrants from SSA with UGS attending three Italian centres for tropical diseases during 2011-2016 were retrospectively enrolled. Data on clinical symptoms, routine laboratory, parasitological tests, and ultrasound reported as per the WHO-Niamey protocol were collected at baseline and at available follow-up visits after treatment with praziquantel 40 mg/kg/day for 3 days.

Imported malaria in northern Italy: epidemiology and clinical features observed over 18 years in the Teaching Hospital of Brescia.

Background: Even though malaria incidence is decreasing worldwide, travel-related cases reported in Europe have remained stable in recent years. In Italy, incidence had increased in the 1990s, reaching a peak in 1999; a slow decline was then reported over the subsequent decade. To our knowledge, few published data are available on imported malaria in Italy since 2010.

Louse-borne relapsing fever in a refugee from Mali.

Introduction: Due to the increasing number of refugees from East Africa, louse-borne relapsing fever (LBRF) has become an emergent disease in Europe. No single case of LBRF has been reported in Europe in refugees from other parts of Africa.

Case Report: We report a case of LBRF in a refugee from Mali, likely acquired in Libya, where several migration routes into Europe meet.

A Case of Rickettsia felis Infection Imported From Nepal.

Rickettsia felis is an emerging spotted fever group pathogen that may be responsible for potentially life-threatening infections. A cosmopolitan distribution has been postulated though most human cases were observed in Africa and the Americas. We report an imported case from Nepal that occurred in an Italian tourist who presented with a 1-week history of fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and a mild maculopapular rash 14 days after return.

Congenital Plasmodium vivax malaria mimicking neonatal sepsis: a case report.

Although malaria in pregnancy can cause very significant neonatal morbidity, congenital malaria is a very rare condition in both endemic and non-endemic areas. A case of congenital malaria by Plasmodium vivax, initially mistaken for neonatal sepsis, is described. The correct diagnosis was accidentally done, as congenital malaria had been missed in the initial differential diagnosis.

Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis during primary HIV infection.

Toxoplasmosis is a well recognized manifestation of AIDS, but the disseminated disease is a rare condition and it has not been associated to HIV seroconversion to our knowledge. We describe a fatal episode of disseminated T. gondii acute infection with massive organ involvement during primary HIV infection.

Prevalence of pfcrt point mutations and level of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Africa.

The development in Plasmodium falciparum of the resistance to chloroquine (CQ) constitutes a public health priority, due to its direct influence in childhood mortality. The molecular basis for CQ resistance (CQR) is still unclear but, recently, a new relevant gene, named pfcrt, with several point mutations was identified in P. falciparum.

Imported malaria in an HIV-positive traveler: a case report with a fatal outcome.

We report a fatal case of malaria in an HIV-coinfected nonimmune traveler. The primary cause of death is discussed. The importance of prevention of malaria in nonimmune travelers is stressed.

Respiratory syndrome and respiratory tract infections in foreign-born and national travelers hospitalized with fever in Italy.

Background: We measured frequency and epidemiologic, clinical, and hematochemical variables associated with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in foreign-born and national patients hospitalized with fever with a history of international travel, and compared the final diagnosis of RTI with the presence of a respiratory syndrome (RS) at presentation.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted at tertiary care hospitals in Northern Italy from September 1998 to December 2000.

Results: A final diagnosis of RTI was obtained in 40 cases (7.

Mefloquine versus quinine plus sulphalene-pyrimethamine (metakelfin) for treatment of uncomplicated imported falciparum malaria acquired in Africa.

We conducted a multicenter, randomized, open-label trial to compare mefloquine with a 3-day quinine plus sulphalene-pyrimethamine (SP) regimen for the treatment of imported uncomplicated malaria acquired in Africa. The end points of the study were efficacy, tolerability, and length of hospital stay. From July 1999 to February 2003, 187 patients were enrolled in five centers in Italy, of whom 93 were randomized to receive mefloquine (the M group) and 94 were randomized to receive quinine plus SP (the QSP group).