Frequency and characteristics of ectopic parathyroid adenomas in a cohort of patients referred for 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT.

Aim: This article aimed to study the frequency and characteristics of ectopic/intrathyroidal parathyroid adenomas in patients referred for 18 F-fluorocholine PET/computed tomography (CT).

Patients And Methods: From 11 June 2015 to 15 January 2024, 729 patients were studied. Recorded patient variables included hyperparathyroidism type, sex, age, presence of symptoms, renal involvement, bone involvement, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and serum calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D as well as 24-h urine calcium excretion.

Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography Before Reaching the Phoenix Criteria for Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radiotherapy: Earlier Detection of Recurrences.

Background And Objective: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa) after curative radiotherapy (RT) is defined according to the Phoenix criteria, which is a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) rise of ≥2.0 ng/ml above the PSA nadir. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can identify PCa recurrences at very low PSA values.

Bone Scintigraphy in 2 Cases of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

A 59-year-old woman was presented to the outpatient clinic with persistent pain after a hyperextension/inversion trauma of the ankle. Six months after the incident, a 3-phase bone scan was performed. A second patient, a 54-year-old man, was referred for a 3-phase bone scan 2 months after his right hand was twisted while using a drill.

The accuracy and intra- and interobserver variability of PSMA PET/CT for the local staging of primary prostate cancer.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) is recognized as the most accurate imaging modality for detection of metastatic high-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Its role in the local staging of disease is yet unclear. We assessed the intra- and interobserver variability, as well as the diagnostic accuracy of the PSMA PET/CT based molecular imaging local tumour stage (miT-stage) for the local tumour stage assessment in a large, multicentre cohort of patients with intermediate and high-risk primary PCa, with the radical prostatectomy specimen (pT-stage) serving as the reference standard.

The Diagnostic Value of PSMA PET/CT in Men with Newly Diagnosed Unfavorable Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer.

Our objective was to determine the diagnostic value of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT in staging men with newly diagnosed unfavorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Patients with newly diagnosed unfavorable intermediate-risk PCa, in whom PSMA PET/CT was performed as a primary staging modality, were retrospectively studied. PSMA PET/CT was performed at several diagnostic centers and reported by expert nuclear medicine physicians within 2 high-volume PCa centers.

Staging fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a nationwide population-based study.

Objective: To provide insight into the use and staging information on lymph-node involvement added by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), based on a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Patients And Methods: We analysed a nationwide cohort of patients with MIBC without signs of distant metastases, newly diagnosed in the Netherlands between November 2017 and October 2019. From this cohort, we selected patients who underwent pre-treatment staging with CT only or CT and FDG-PET/CT.

The Implementation of FDG PET/CT for Staging Bladder Cancer: Changes in the Detection and Characteristics of Occult Nodal Metastases at Upfront Radical Cystectomy?

Occult lymph node (LN)-metastases are frequently found after upfront radical cystectomy (uRC) for bladder cancer (BC). We evaluated whether the implementation of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) influenced nodal staging at uRC. All consecutive BC patients who underwent uRC with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) were identified and divided into two cohorts: cohort A consisted of patients staged with FDG PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) (2016-2021); cohort B consisted of patients staged with CE-CT only (2006-2011).

Early response evaluation of PD-1 blockade in NSCLC patients through FDG-PET-CT and T cell profiling of tumor-draining lymph nodes.

Better biomarkers for programmed death - (ligand) 1 (PD-(L)1) checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are needed. We explored the predictive value of early response evaluation using Fluor-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography and pre- and on-treatment flowcytometric T-cell profiling in peripheral blood and tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN). The on-treatment evaluation was performed 7-14 days after the start of PD-1 blockade in NSCLC patients.

Incidence of PSMA PET thyroid incidentaloma depends on analysis method and tracer.

Objective: To investigate the incidences of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) thyroid incidentaloma (PTI) using different methods to define PTI, to compare the incidence of PTI among different PSMA PET tracers, and to evaluate the clinical consequences of PTI.

Methods: PSMA PET/CT scans in consecutive patients with primary prostate cancer were analyzed for the presence of PTI using a structured visual (SV) analysis reporting any elevated thyroidal uptake; a semi-quantitative (SQ) analysis using a SUVmax thyroid/bloodpool (t/b) ratio ≥ 2.0 as cutoff; and an analysis of PTI incidence in the clinical reports (RV analysis).

Incidental Findings on F-Fluorocholine PET/CT for Parathyroid Imaging.

  F-choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an upcoming imaging technique for the localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands. However, F-choline is a nonspecific tracer that also accumulates in malignancies, inflammatory lesions, and several other benign abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and relevance of incidental findings on F-choline PET/CT for parathyroid localization.

Reproducibility of PSMA PET/CT Imaging for Primary Staging of Treatment-Naïve Prostate Cancer Patients Depends on the Applied Radiotracer: A Retrospective Study.

Our purpose was to determine and compare the interobserver variability of 3 clinically frequently used radiotracers targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), namely F-DCFPyL, F-PSMA-1007, and Ga-PSMA-11, in primary prostate cancer (PCa) staging. Patients with newly diagnosed PCa in whom PSMA PET/CT was performed for primary staging purposes were retrospectively included. All PSMA PET/CT images were centrally overread within a high-volume PCa center, and original reports (from referring hospitals) were compared with overread reports (from the overreading hospital).

Effects of furosemide and tracer selection on urinary activity and peri-bladder artefacts in PSMA PET/CT: a single-centre retrospective study.

Background: High urinary activity in urinary bladder and ureters may hamper interpretation of prostate cancer and regional nodal metastases in prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT. The goal of this study was to assess effects of furosemide and choice of tracer on urinary activity in the bladder and ureters, as well as on occurrence of peri-bladder artefacts in PET/CT.

Methods: Four cohorts with a total of 202 men staged with PSMA PET/CT for prostate cancer received either Ga-PSMA-11 as tracer, with (cohort G+) or without 10mg intravenous furosemide (G-) concurrent with tracer, or F-DCFPyL with (F+) or without furosemide (F-).

18F-FDG PET/CT During Neoadjuvant Targeted Therapy in Prior Unresectable Stage III Melanoma Patients: Can (Early) Metabolic Imaging Predict Histopathologic Response or Recurrence?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether 18F-FDG PET/CT can predict histopathological response or recurrence in BRAF-mutated unresectable locally advanced stage III melanoma treated with neoadjuvant BRAF/MEK inhibition followed by resection and the value of PET in detecting early recurrence after resection.

Patients And Methods: Twenty BRAF-mutated, unresectable stage III melanoma patients received BRAF/MEK inhibitors before surgery. 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed at baseline and 2 and 8 weeks after initiation of therapy.

Löfgren Syndrome on 18F-FDG PET/CT: An Acute Manifestation of Sarcoidosis.

A 58-year-old man presented with fever, erythema nodosum, and arthralgia of knee and ankle joints. Laboratory data showed signs of inflammation, and chest x-ray revealed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. 18F-FDG PET/CT was acquired to analyze the underlying causes and revealed FDG accumulation in thoracic lymphadenopathy and in subcutaneous lesions and periarticular uptake.

Response Prediction and Evaluation Using PET in Patients with Solid Tumors Treated with Immunotherapy.

In multiple malignancies, checkpoint inhibitor therapy has an established role in the first-line treatment setting. However, only a subset of patients benefit from checkpoint inhibition, and as a result, the field of biomarker research is active. Molecular imaging with the use of positron emission tomography (PET) is one of the biomarkers that is being studied.

Management impact of F-DCFPyL PET/CT in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence after definitive treatment: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an early, accurate identification of disease using F-DCFPyL PET/CT imaging resulted in a change of decision on treatment management, for individual patients with biochemically recurrent (BCR), hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 253 patients with BCR who underwent restaging F-DCFPyL PET/CT were assessed. Two urologists specialized in uro-oncology were asked to formulate a preferred treatment for each patient before and after knowing the results of the F-DCFPyL PET/CT.

Matched-Pair Comparison of F-DCFPyL PET/CT and F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in 240 Prostate Cancer Patients: Interreader Agreement and Lesion Detection Rate of Suspected Lesions.

Over 20 different prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting radiopharmaceuticals for both imaging and therapy have been synthesized. Although variability in biodistribution and affinity for binding to the PSMA receptor is known to exist between different PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals, little is known about the clinical implications of this variability. Therefore, this study analyzed differences in interreader agreement and detection rate between 2 regularly used F-labeled PSMA receptor-targeting radiopharmaceuticals: F-DCFPyL and F-PSMA-1007.

Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography in the Evaluation of Initial Response in Candidates Who Underwent Salvage Radiation Therapy after Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: We assessed predictors of short-term oncologic outcomes of patients who underwent salvage radiation therapy for biochemical recurrence after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy without evidence of metastases on prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 194 patients with biochemical recurrence after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy who underwent prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography prior to salvage radiation therapy. Patients with lymph node or distant metastases on restaging imaging or at the time of extended pelvic lymph node dissection during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were excluded, as were patients who received androgen deprivation therapy during or prior to salvage radiation therapy.

"Skull on Fire": Monostotic Paget Disease of the Skull Bone.

An 81-year-old woman was evaluated for a stroke. CT showed no intracranial abnormalities but diffuse patchy aspect of the neurocranium. An MRI and F-NA PET/CT were performed to differentiate between metastases, Paget disease, hyperostosis frontalis interna, and primary malignancy.