Dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes after treatment of crowding with premolar extractions: a 50-year follow-up.

Background: The long-term effects on dentofacial morphology of interceptive treatment with premolar extractions, in the absence of subsequent orthodontic treatment, have not been fully explored.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the effects of premolar extractions (without subsequent orthodontic treatment) on the dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile of patients aged between 12 and 62 years with Class I malocclusion with severe crowding, as compared to untreated controls.

Materials And Methods: The Extraction group (N = 30 with Class I crowding malocclusion) had their first premolars removed in early adolescence without subsequent orthodontic treatment.

Craniofacial changes from 13 to 62 years of age.

Background: In long-term studies of orthodontic, orthognathic, and prosthodontic treatments, control subjects are needed for comparison.

Objectives: To study the craniofacial (skeletal, soft tissue, and dental) changes that occur in untreated subjects with normal occlusion between 13 and 62 years of age.

Materials/methods: Thirty subjects with a Class I normal occlusion and harmonious facial profile were studied.

Early extractions of premolars reduce age-related crowding of lower incisors: 50 years of follow-up.

Objectives: To study the effects of extraction of four premolars, without subsequent orthodontic treatment, on the crowding of lower incisors in subjects between early adolescence and late adulthood, as compared to untreated subjects.

Materials And Methods: A total of 45 subjects were included in this study. The extraction group comprised 24 subjects who had all the first premolars removed at a mean age of 11.

A Superimposition-Based Cephalometric Method to Quantitate Craniofacial Changes.

To assess the craniofacial changes related to growth and/or to orthodontic and orthognathic treatments, it is necessary to superimpose serial radiographs on stable structures. However, conventional superimposition provides only a graphical illustration of these changes. To increase the precision of growth and treatment evaluations, it is desirable to quantitate these craniofacial changes.

Nickel allergy in relation to piercing and orthodontic appliances--a population study.

Background: Studies have shown conflicting results on the association between nickel exposure from orthodontic appliances and nickel sensitization. OBJECTIVES & METHOD: In a cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between nickel sensitization and exposure to orthodontic appliances and piercings. 4376 adolescents were patch tested following a questionnaire asking for earlier piercing and orthodontic treatment.

Lifestyle and nickel allergy in a Swedish adolescent population: effects of piercing, tattooing and orthodontic appliances.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of life-style practices in adolescents and their association with nickel allergy. Upper secondary school pupils (n = 4,376; 15-23 years) were patch-tested for nickel aller-gy, follow-ing completion of a questionnaire (answered by 6,095). Almost 86% girls and 21% of boys reported piercing.

Orthodontic treatment-related white spot lesions: a 14-year prospective quantitative follow-up, including bonding material assessment.

Introduction: White spots (WS) related to orthodontic treatment are severe cariologic and cosmetic complications, but they are shown to be partially reduced by remineralization or abrasion in short-term follow-ups. In this prospective study, we quantitatively analyzed changes in WS in general and in treatment-related white spot lesions (WSL) during orthodontic treatment and at a 12-year follow-up after treatment. In addition, we quantitatively compared the effects of an acrylic bonding material vs a glass ionomer cement (GIC) on WSL.

Nickel allergy--prevalence in a population of Swedish youths from patch test and questionnaire data.

Background: The prevalence of body piercing and orthodontic treatment has increased during recent decades. Such changes in lifestyle may influence the occurrence of nickel allergy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of nickel allergy in a Swedish youth population.

Nickel in dental plaque and saliva in patients with and without orthodontic appliances.

The aim of this study was to compare the content of nickel in the saliva and dental biofilm in young patients with and without orthodontic appliances. The possible influence of a dietary intake of nickel on recorded nickel levels was examined. Nickel content in unstimulated whole saliva and in dental plaque of 24 boys and girls (mean age 14.

Roentgen-cephalometric standards for a Swedish population. A longitudinal study between the ages of 5 and 31 years.

This study was performed to establish age- and gender-specific cephalometric normative data for a Swedish population. The material comprised 469 lateral cephalograms from two groups of subjects of Swedish origin between 5 and 31 years of age. All subjects (males and females) were diagnosed as 'normal' according to specified criteria and with no history of orthodontic treatment.

A 100th anniversary: Sandstedt's experiments on tissue changes during tooth movement.

In 2004, it is 100 years since the experiments by Carl Sandstedt on tissue changes during orthodontic tooth movement were published in an international journal, shortly after his early death.