Comparison of frailty determinants in Latin America: a national representative study in Brazil and Chile.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence and socio-economic determinants of frailty in older adults in Brazil and Chile using nationally representative survey data.

Study Design: Analytical research using data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI) and the Chilean National Health Survey (ENS) conducted in Brazil and Chile between 2015 and 2017.

Methods: The study included 5484 older adults aged 60 years or older in Brazil and 2031 in Chile.

Impact Evaluation of Cash-For-Care in Latin America's New Long-Term Care Policies: A Randomized Controlled Trial Pilot Study in Costa Rica.

Latin America is aging rapidly. Thus, governments in the region are reformulating their social protection policies. In 2022, Costa Rica passed a national long-term care law.

[Long-term care in Costa Rica: Lessons for Latin America based on international evidenceCuidados de longa duração na Costa Rica: aprendizados para a América Latina partindo de evidências internacionais].

The growing prevalence of functional dependency as a result of accelerated aging and epidemiological transformation has created a pressing need to implement new systems to address the problem of long-term care (LTC) in the Region of the Americas. In March 2021, Costa Rica became the only middle-income country in the Region that has taken steps to introduce a national LTC system. The present article compares the design of this new LTC system with existing systems in Australia, Denmark, Japan, Spain, the United States of America, and Uruguay, and identifies useful lessons for the development of LTC systems in other countries of the Region.

Population with Long-Term Care Needs in Six Latin American Countries: Estimation of Older Adults Who Need Help Performing ADLs.

The population in Latin America is ageing, and there is an inevitable demand for long-term care services. However, there are no comparative analyses between Latin American countries of the dependency situation of older adults. This study aims to calculate and compare percentages of older adults who need help performing the activities of daily living in six Latin American nations.

Progress Toward Long-Term Care Protection in Latin America: A National Long-Term Care System in Costa Rica.

The aging of the world's population is a reality. People are living longer, not just in high-income countries, but it remains unclear whether their extra years will be lived in better health. In fact, an increasing number of older adults will probably require help to perform activities of daily living.

Fiscal space for Health in the Americas: is economic growth sufficient?

Objective: In 2014, the member countries of the Pan American Health Organization signed the Strategy for Universal Access to Health and Universal Health Coverage. In it, they committed to increasing public expenditure on health until reaching the benchmark of 6% of gross domestic product (GDP). The objective of this paper is to determine, for each country in the Region, whether they can reach this target through economic growth alone and, if so, how long it would take.

[Fiscal space for Health in the Americas: is economic growth sufficient?Espaço fiscal para saúde nas Américas: o crescimento econômico é suficiente?].

Objective: In 2014, the Pan American Health Organization member countries signed the Strategy for Universal Access to Health and Universal Health Coverage. In it, they committed to increasing public health expenditure until reaching the benchmark of 6% of gross domestic product (GDP). The objective of this paper is to determine, for each country in the Region, if they can reach this goal by economic growth alone and, if so, how long it would take.

[Evaluation of fiscal space for health in BoliviaAvaliação do espaço fiscal para a saúde na Bolívia].

Objective: To assess from a technical and political point of view the capacity of Bolivia to generate fiscal space for health that allows it to sustain progress and fulfill the commitment of a public health expenditure of 6% of gross domestic product.

Methods: A review of the international evidence on fiscal space and its measurements was conducted. The technical analysis was developed through statistics and official reports from multiple national and international secondary sources.

[An assessment of fiscal space for public health in Peru].

Objective To assess the fiscal space for public health in Peru so as to attain the goal of raising health spending to 6% of gross domestic product, as agreed upon by member countries of the Pan American Health Organization in 2014. Methods The main sources of fiscal space were identified by means of a thorough literature review. Technical feasibility was determined from statistics and national and international surveys and by reviewing various documents and official reports.

New Long-Term Care Policies in Latin America: The National System of Care in Uruguay.

Background: Uruguay is the Latin American country with the largest share of elderly population and it has the greatest pressure for formal long-term care services in the region. For this reason, last year the government approved a law creating a National System of Care.

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the long-term care policy in the recently created National System of Care of Uruguay.

[Trends and reforms in long-term care policies for the elderly].

One of the main public health concerns in medium and high-income countries is how to deal with problems of functional dependency of a growing number of elderly individuals. This study aimed to identify converging issues in 30 countries with formal long-term care systems. A systematic review included articles, studies, and comparative international reports published from 2010 to 2015.

Thinking about long-term care policies for Latin America.

Latin America is aging. The process is occurring quickly and in unhealthy conditions with low levels of income. The number of older people who can no longer perform their daily activities will dramatically increase in the coming decades.

Building Long-Term Care Policies in Latin America: New Programs in Chile.

Background: Little is known about long-term care policies in developing regions. Latin America is one of those regions. In less than 20 years, it will surpass Europe's elderly population.

[Cost of a health care system for dependent older adults in Chile, 2012-2020].

Objective: To estimate the relative and absolute costs of a home-based health care system for dependent older adults in Chile and to consider the methodological factors to take into account in estimates for other models in other countries.

Methods: Sex- and age-specific prevalence rates were used, based on microdata from the National Dependency Survey (ENDPM 2009), and three scenarios were projected for 2012 - 2020. The beneficiary population and the demand were estimated for 12 home-based health care programs.