An augmented patient-specific approach to administration of contrast agent for CT renal angiography.

Purpose: This hybrid retrospective and prospective study performed on 200 consecutive patients undergoing renal CTA, investigates the opacification of renal vasculature, radiation dose, and reader confidence.

Materials And Methods: 100 patients were assigned retrospectively to protocol A and the other 100 were allocated prospectively to protocol B. Both protocols implemented a contrast material and saline flow rate of 4.

Clinical review of liver hydatid disease and its unusual presentations in developing countries.

Human hydatid cyst disease is an international public health issue that particularly affects the developing countries. In this article, we discuss the epidemiology of hydatid disease in third world countries, the life cycle of echinococcus granulosus and how to make the clinical diagnosis of the disease, including laboratory tests and imaging modalities as well as uncommon presentation of this entity that we have encountered at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC). We emphasize on the new World Health Organization classification of hepatic echinococcosis with examples from our clinical practice at AUBMC, and finally we describe the treatment, including medical and interventional therapies.

The short esophagus: Review of a neglected entity.

In this pictorial essay, the authors discuss etiologies, imaging findings with focus on fluoroscopy and management of the short esophagus in children and adults.

Augmented Quadruple-Phase Contrast Media Administration and Triphasic Scan Protocol Increases Image Quality at Reduced Radiation Dose During Computed Tomography Urography.

Purpose: The aim of this article was to investigate the opacification of the renal vasculature and the urogenital system during computed tomography urography by using a quadruple-phase contrast media in a triphasic scan protocol.

Materials And Methods: A total of 200 patients with possible urinary tract abnormalities were equally divided between 2 protocols. Protocol A used the conventional single bolus and quadruple-phase scan protocol (pre, arterial, venous, and delayed), retrospectively.

Image-guided ureteral reconstruction using rendezvous technique for complex ureteric transection after gunshot injuries.

Management of complex ureteric transection poses a significant clinical challenge, particularly after gunshot injuries due to marked distortion of anatomy and associated tissue loss. We report two cases of total ureteric transection due to gunshot injury successfully repaired using fluoroscopy-guided rendezvous procedure and double J stent placement. This minimally invasive approach may offer a safe and effective technique to repair complete ureteral transection and obviate the need for complex surgical procedures.

New trends in the management of hepatic Echinococcus granulosus.

The liver is the most commonly involved organ in the body by cystic echinococcosis (CE) secondary to infection with Echinococcus granulosus. In this article, the authors discuss the classification, recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the diagnosis of hepatic CE, and approaches for management of hepatic CE using five therapeutic options that include: antihelminthic chemotherapy, surgery, percutaneous treatment, endoscopic approach, and the "watch and wait" approach.

Abdominal complications of chemotherapy in pediatric malignancies: imaging findings.

Objective: To describe the imaging findings of abdominal complications caused by chemotherapy in pediatric cancer patients.

Subjects And Methods: Radiology studies of 243 patients treated in our Children Cancer Center were reviewed, 164 of whom had abdominal studies. Medical records of 54 patients with abnormal imaging findings were studied.

Life-threatening liver laceration with arterial hemorrhage complicating percutaneous treatment of hepatic hydatid cyst.

We present a 76-year-old woman known to have a large right hepatic lobe hydatid cyst which recurred twice after surgical excision. CT-guided percutaneous alcohol ablation was conducted to sclerose the cyst, but the procedure was complicated by parenchymal liver laceration and active arterial hemorrhage from a branch of the right hepatic artery. Bleeding was controlled by both endovascular and surgical interventions.

Pathological correlation between needle biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimen in patients with localized prostate cancer.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsies in predicting pathological grading and tumour distribution in the final pathological specimen of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. The study ultimately aims to gain more understanding of the pathological behaviour of prostate cancer and the limitations of the currently available diagnostic and prognostic tools.

Material And Methods: We reviewed the records of 100 patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate diagnosed by TRUS-guided prostate biopsy and treated with radical retropubic prostatectomy, comparing tumour laterality and Gleason score in core biopsies with tumour distribution and Gleason score of the surgical specimen.

Radiology of terror injuries: the American University of Beirut Medical Center experience.

Objective: This study aimed to report our experience with regard to imaging of mass casualty incidents (MCIs).

Subjects And Methods: Following a bomb attack, 150 casualties were referred to our hospital. Radiographs and nonenhanced CT scans were performed in 28 individuals.

Alternative diagnoses of acute appendicitis on helical CT with intravenous and rectal contrast.

At our institution, helical CT of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous and rectal contrast (CTRC) has become the modality of choice for investigation of patients with right lower quadrant pain and clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis. CTRC has proven useful for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) and at the same time identifies alternative diagnoses mimicking AA. This pictorial assay illustrates the imaging findings of AA and its mimickers including primary epiploic appendagitis, right-sided diverticulitis, torsion of Meckel's diverticulum, gynecologic disorders, obstructive uropathy, right lower lobe pneumonia, and other conditions.

Imaging of back pain in children and adolescents.

Purpose: To present the imaging findings of the wide spectrum of musculoskeletal diseases causing back pain in children and adolescents.

Discussion: Back pain in children is a rare condition but may denote a serious health problem; hence, full clinical history, physical examination, and appropriate laboratory studies should be obtained. In this scientific exhibit, we present the imaging findings of the variable musculoskeletal diseases that are associated with back pain in children and adolescents.

Imaging findings of familial Mediterranean fever.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to study the imaging findings of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records and imaging studies of 38 patients with proven FMF, diagnosed between 1992 and 2002.

Results: The most common clinical manifestation was recurrent peritoneal attacks with abdominal pain (76.

Current imaging of solid renal masses.

More than 40% of solid renal masses are incidentally discovered by ultrasound examinations. Computed tomography (CT) remains the cornerstone investigation for characterization and assessment of the extent of renal tumors, it is complementary to ultrasound. MR imaging is an adjunctive method reserved as a problem-solving technique for indeterminate masses by ultrasound and CT.

Aortic dissection in a neonate: case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of aortic dissection causing hypertension in a neonate, which occurred following iatrogenic intimal injury during umbilical arterial cannulation. The intimal flap was diagnosed by color Doppler sonography, and treated by conservative management with complete spontaneous healing of the intimal injury.

The value of contrast-enhanced helical CT scan with rectal contrast enema in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Background: The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the accuracy of single slice helical CT scan with intravenous, and rectal contrast (CTRC) in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) in patients with suspected AA, with particular analysis of the diagnostic signs.

Participants And Methods: Abdomino-pelvic helical CTRC was performed on 75 consecutive patients with suspicion of AA. Radiologic diagnosis was compared with surgical/pathologic results and clinical follow-up.

Imaging findings of radiation enteritis.

In this report the authors describe the imaging features of subacute and chronic radiation enteritis in two patients. Although surgery remains the definitive treatment of complicated chronic radiation enteritis, the potential role of interventional techniques that can be used for management of poor surgical candidates is discussed.