Publications by authors named "Maureen Lemens"

Endometrial cancer (EC) patients make up the second largest group of female cancer survivors. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) including quality of life (QOL) and sexual function and satisfaction (SF and S) are critical facets of survivorship. This prospective, longitudinal study assesses associations between baseline characteristics and PROs after treatment.

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Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways utilize multimodal analgesia. In pathways already utilizing incisional injection of liposomal bupivacaine (ILB), we assessed the benefit of adding intrathecal opioid analgesia (ITA).

Methods: In this randomized controlled non-inferiority trial in patients undergoing laparotomy for gynecologic malignancy, we allocated patients 1:1 to ILB alone versus ITA + ILB with 150 μg intrathecal hydromorphone.

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Objectives: The aim of this prospective study was to compare perioperative opioid use in women by status of CYP2D6, a highly polymorphic pharmacogene relevant to opioid metabolism.

Methods: Patients undergoing laparotomy were prospectively recruited and provided a preoperative saliva swab for a pharmacogenomic (PGx) gene panel. Postoperative opioid usage and pain scores were evaluated via chart review and a phone survey.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers isolated and sequenced HBCs and CTBs from placentae of women across different COVID-19 infection stages, discovering significant differences in gene expression when compared to unexposed controls, especially highlighting the second trimester as most affected.
  • * Findings indicate that about 1,696 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to immune response and host defense mechanisms were identified in the second trimester, with implications for understanding the placenta's role during maternal infections.
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Article Synopsis
  • Research on the immune response to COVID-19 during pregnancy is limited, yet crucial for understanding vertical transmission of the virus and its antibodies.
  • A study found a strong correlation between specific antibodies in pregnant women and their newborns, particularly higher antibody activity in women infected during the third trimester.
  • The presence of protective antibodies and anti-inflammatory cytokines in newborns may help reduce the negative impacts of inflammation from maternal infection.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates DNA methylation changes as early events in endometrial cancer (EC) and their potential for detection through vaginal fluid collected via tampons.
  • Using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, researchers identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in various tissue types and validated these with quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP).
  • A panel of 28 methylated DNA markers (MDMs) demonstrated high specificity (96%) and sensitivity (76%) in distinguishing EC from benign endometrium, indicating strong potential for non-invasive EC detection methods.*
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Objective: Fetal surgery has improved neonatal outcomes; however, it is unknown if the intervention contributes to the developmental of inflammatory pathologies in the placenta. Here, an association between fetal surgery and placental pathology was examined.

Method: This case-control study compared pregnancies with fetal surgery (n = 22), pregnancies with an indication for fetal surgery but without an intervention being done (n = 13), and gestational-age and fetus-number matched controls (n = 36).

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Objective: Aberrant DNA methylation is an early event in carcinogenesis which could be leveraged to detect ovarian cancer (OC) in plasma.

Methods: DNA from frozen OC tissues, benign fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), and buffy coats from cancer-free women underwent reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to identify OC MDMs. Candidate MDM selection was based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) discrimination, methylation fold change, and low background methylation among controls.

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Objective: The evaluation of women with perimenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) to detect endometrial cancer (EC) and its precursors is not standardized and can vary widely. Consequently, costs associated with the workup and management undoubtedly vary. This study aimed to quantify costs of AUB/PMB evaluation to understand the healthcare burden associated with securing a pathologic diagnosis.

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Women with uterine fibroids often seek uterine-preserving treatments, rather than hysterectomy. Imaging-defined endpoints following nonsurgical treatments for fibroids are limited. Fibroid Interventions: Reducing Symptoms Today and Tomorrow (FIRSTT), a randomized controlled trial of uterine artery embolization (UAE) versus magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS), enrolled premenopausal women with symptomatic uterine fibroids.

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Introduction: There are no reliable blood biomarkers for monitoring endometrial cancer patients in the current clinical practice. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is emerging as a promising non-invasive method to measure tumor burden, define prognosis and monitor disease status in many solid cancers. In this pilot study, we investigated if unique tumor-specific DNA junctions can be used to detect ctDNA levels in patients with endometrial cancer.

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Objective: Emerging technologies may enable detection of endometrial cancer with methods that are less invasive than standard biopsy methods. This study compares patient pain scores among 3 office gynecologic tract sampling methods and explores their potential determinants.

Methods: A prospective study including 3 sampling methods (tampon, Tao brush (TB), endometrial biopsy (EB)) was conducted between December 2015 and August 2017 and included women ≥45 years of age presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, or thickened endometrial stripe.

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Background: Most endometrial cancer cases are preceded by abnormal uterine bleeding, offering a potential opportunity for early detection and cure of endometrial cancer. Although clinical guidelines exist for diagnostic workup of abnormal uterine bleeding, consensus is lacking regarding optimal management for women with abnormal bleeding to diagnose endometrial cancer.

Objective: We report the baseline data from a prospective clinical cohort study of women referred for endometrial evaluation at the Mayo Clinic, designed to evaluate risk stratification in women at increased risk for endometrial cancer.

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Objective: To evaluate endometrial cancer (EC) risk assessment and early detection strategies in high-risk populations, we designed a large, prospective cohort study of women undergoing endometrial evaluation to assess risk factors and collect novel biospecimens for future testing of emerging EC biomarkers. Here we report on the baseline findings of this study.

Methods: Women aged ≥45 years were enrolled at the Mayo Clinic from February 2013-June 2018.

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Background: Uterine leiomyomas (fibroid tumors) cause considerable symptoms in 30-50% of women and are the leading cause of hysterectomy in the United States. Women with uterine fibroid tumors often seek uterine-preserving treatments, but comparative effectiveness trials are lacking.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to report treatment effectiveness and ovarian function after uterine artery embolization vs magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery from the Fibroid Interventions: Reducing Symptoms Today and Tomorrow study.

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Objective: To introduce the prenatal regenerative medicine service at Mayo Clinic for fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) care for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Patients And Methods: Two cases of prenatal management of severe CDH with FETO between January and August 2017 are reported. Per protocol, FETO was offered for life-threatening severe CDH at between 26 and 29 weeks' gestation.

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Background: Radiofrequency endometrial ablation (REA) is currently a second line treatment in women with heavy menstrual bleeding (MHB) if medical therapy (MTP) is contraindicated or unsatisfactory. Our objective is to compare the effectiveness and cost burden of MTP and REA in the initial treatment of HMB.

Methods: We performed a randomized trial at Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota.

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Objective: To compare efficacy and safety of retropubic Burch urethropexy and a midurethral sling in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) undergoing concomitant pelvic floor repair with sacrocolpopexy.

Methods: Women were randomly assigned to Burch retropubic urethropexy (n=56) or retropubic midurethral sling (n=57) through dynamic allocation balancing age, body mass index, history of prior incontinence surgery, intrinsic sphincter deficiency, preoperative incontinence diagnosis, and prolapse stage. Overall and stress-specific continence primary outcomes were ascertained with validated questionnaires and a blinded cough stress test.

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Background: Uterine fibroids are an important source of morbidity for reproductive-aged women. Despite an increasing number of alternatives, hysterectomies account for about 75% of all fibroid interventional treatments. Evidence is lacking to help women and their health care providers decide among alternatives to hysterectomy.

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Objective: Surgical site infection (SSI) following epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) primary surgery (PS) occurs in 10-15% of women. Perioperative factors associated with SSI and impact of SSI on survival were determined.

Methods: EOC cases that underwent PS from 1/2/2003 to 12/30/2011 were retrospectively reviewed.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and the risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) within 30 days after primary surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: In a historical cohort study, we estimated the postoperative 30-day cumulative incidence of VTE among consecutive Mayo Clinic patients undergoing primary cytoreduction for EOC between January 2, 2003, and December 29, 2008. We tested perioperative patient characteristics and process-of-care variables (defined by the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, >130 variables) as potential predictors of postoperative VTE using the Cox proportional hazards modeling.

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Objective: Perioperative packed red blood cell transfusion (PRBCT) has been implicated as a negative prognostic marker in surgical oncology. There is a paucity of evidence on the impact of PRBCT on outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We assessed whether PRBCT is an independent risk factor of recurrence and death from EOC.

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Objective: Thorough primary cytoreduction for epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) improves survival. The incidence of postoperative ileus (POI) in these patients may be underreported because of varying POI definitions and the evolving, increasingly complex contemporary surgical approach to EOC. We sought to determine the current incidence of POI and its risk factors in women undergoing debulking and staging for EOC.

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