The FLuorometholone as Adjunctive MEdical Therapy for Trachomatous Trichiasis Surgery (FLAME) Trial: Study Design.

Purpose: To report the design of FLuorometholone as Adjunctive MEdical therapy for TT surgery (FLAME) trial.

Design: Parallel design, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 1:1 randomization to fluorometholone 0.1% eye drops twice daily or placebo twice daily for 4 weeks in eyes undergoing trachomatous trichiasis (TT) surgery for assessing the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of fluorometholone 0.

Dietary Supplementation for Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the evidence on the effectiveness of dietary supplementation for retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Methods: A literature search of the PubMed database was last conducted in January 2024 to identify published English-language original research on dietary supplementation for RP. Eligible compounds included products ingested orally containing nutrients intended to supplement the diet.

Therapies for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of the multiple therapeutic modalities for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Methods: A literature search of English-language studies in the PubMed database with no date restrictions was last conducted in May 2024. The combined searches yielded 612 citations, 31 of which were selected for full-text review and for inclusion in this assessment.

Treatment of Noninfectious Uveitic Macular Edema with Periocular and Intraocular Corticosteroid Therapies: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the evidence on the effectiveness and complications of periocular and intraocular corticosteroid therapies for noninfectious uveitic macular edema.

Methods: A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted last in December 2021 and a post-assessment search was conducted in March 2023. The searches were limited to articles published in English and no date restrictions were imposed.

Effectiveness of Conventional Digital Fundus Photography-Based Teleretinal Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: This American Academy of Ophthalmology Ophthalmic Technology Assessment aims to assess the effectiveness of conventional teleretinal screening (TS) in detecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted most recently in July 2023 to identify data published between 2006 and 2023 on any of the following elements related to TS effectiveness: (1) the accuracy of TS in detecting DR or DME compared with traditional ophthalmic screening with dilated fundus examination or 7-standard field Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study photography, (2) the impact of TS on DR screening compliance rates or other patient behaviors, and (3) cost-effectiveness and patient satisfaction of TS compared with traditional DR screening. Identified studies then were rated based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine grading system.

Risk Factors for Meeting Criteria for Switching from Bevacizumab to Aflibercept When Treating Eyes with Diabetic Macular Edema and Visual Acuity of < 20/40.

Purpose: To identify factors for meeting prespecified criteria for switching from bevacizumab to aflibercept in eyes with center-involved diabetic macular edema (CI-DME) and moderate vision loss initially treated with bevacizumab in DRCR Retina Network protocol AC.

Design: Post hoc analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial.

Participants: Two hundred seventy participants with one or both eyes harboring CI-DME with visual acuity (VA) letter score of 69 to 24 (Snellen equivalent, 20/50-20/320).

Changes in activity impairment and work productivity after treatment for vitreous hemorrhage due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy: Secondary outcomes from a randomized controlled trial (DRCR Retina Network Protocol AB).

Background: Vitreous hemorrhage from proliferative diabetic retinopathy can cause severe vision loss. DRCR Retina Network Protocol AB was a randomized clinical trial comparing intravitreal aflibercept versus vitrectomy with panretinal photocoagulation and found no difference in the average rate of visual recovery over 104 weeks. Herein, we describe patient-reported outcome measures from Protocol AB.

Home OCT Imaging for Newly Diagnosed Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Feasibility Study.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of daily Home OCT imaging among patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Design: Prospective observational study.

Participants: Participants with ≥ 1 eye with previously untreated nAMD and visual acuity 20/20 to 20/320.

Association of Dry Eye Symptoms and Signs in Patients with Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: To determine the correlations among symptoms and signs of dry eye disease (DED) in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) study.

Methods: A total of 535 patients with moderate-to-severe DED were assessed for symptoms using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and four DED signs in both eyes (conjunctival lissamine green staining, corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer's testing, and tear break-up time (TBUT)) following standardized protocols at baseline and follow-up visits (months 3, 6, and 12). Spearman correlation coefficients (rho) were calculated for correlations among symptoms and signs of DED at baseline and among changes in symptoms and signs from baseline at 12 months.

Prevalence and factors associated with optic disc grey crescent in the Primary Open-Angle African Ancestry Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) Study.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with optic disc grey crescent (GC) in African Americans with glaucoma.

Methods: Stereo optic disc image features from subjects with glaucoma in the Primary Open-Angle African Ancestry Glaucoma Genetics Study were evaluated independently by non-physician graders and discrepancies adjudicated by an ophthalmologist. Risk factors for GC were evaluated by logistic regression models with intereye correlation accounted for by generalised estimating equations.

Change in Cone Structure Over 24 Months in USH2A-Related Retinal Degeneration.

Purpose: To describe cone structure changes using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) in the Rate of Progression of USH2A-related Retinal Degeneration (RUSH2A) study.

Design: Multicenter, longitudinal natural history study.

Methods: AOSLO images were acquired at 4 centers, twice at baseline and annually for 24 months in this natural history study.

Prediction for 2-Year Vision Outcomes Using Early Morphologic and Functional Responses in the Comparison of Age-related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials.

Objective: To predict 2-year visual acuity (VA) responses to anti-VEGF therapy, using early morphologic and functional responses in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Design: Cohort within a randomized clinical trial.

Participants: A total of 1185 participants with untreated active nAMD and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 20/25 to 20/320 at baseline.

Static Perimetry in the Rate of Progression in USH2A-related Retinal Degeneration (RUSH2A) Study: Assessment Through 2 Years.

Purpose: To evaluate disease progression using static perimetry (SP) in patients with USH2A-related retinal degeneration, including Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) and nonsyndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa.

Design: Prospective, observational cohort study.

Methods: A total of 102 patients with biallelic disease-causing sequence variants in USH2A with baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) letter score ≥54 were recruited from 16 clinical sites in Europe and North America.

Recruitment strategies and lessons learned from a large genetic study of African Americans.

Genetic studies must enroll large numbers of participants to obtain adequate statistical power. Data are needed on how researchers can best use limited financial and practical resources to achieve these targets, especially in under-represented populations. This paper provides a retrospective analysis of the recruitment strategies for a large glaucoma genetics study in African Americans.

Estimation and testing for clustered interval-censored bivariate survival data with application using the semi-parametric version of the Clayton-Oakes model.

The Kaplan-Meier estimator is ubiquitously used to estimate survival probabilities for time-to-event data. It is nonparametric, and thus does not require specification of a survival distribution, but it does assume that the risk set at any time t consists of independent observations. This assumption does not hold for data from paired organ systems such as occur in ophthalmology (eyes) or otolaryngology (ears), or for other types of clustered data.

Association of Tear Cytokine Concentrations with Symptoms and Signs of Dry Eye Disease: Baseline Data from the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study.

Purpose: To describe tear concentrations of IL-1β, Il-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, IFNγ and TNFα in tears, collected by microcapillaries, and their correlation with symptoms and signs in subjects with dry eye disease (DED) in the DREAM Study.

Methods: Cytokine levels of patients with moderate to severe DED were determined using a magnetic bead assay. Scores for Ocular Surface Disease Index, corneal and conjunctival staining, tear break-up time (TBUT), and Schirmer's test were obtained using standardized procedures.

Association of Tear Osmolarity With Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study.

Purpose: To determine the relationships of (1) tear osmolarity (TO) levels with the severity of signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) and (2) changes in TO with changes in signs and symptoms.

Methods: Patients (N = 405) with moderate to severe DED in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study were evaluated at baseline and at six and 12 months. Associations of TO with signs and symptoms were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and regression models.

Comparison of Snellen Visual Acuity Measurements in Retinal Clinical Practice to Electronic ETDRS Protocol Visual Acuity Assessment.

Purpose: Evaluate the differences between clinical visual acuity (VA) as recorded in medical records and electronic Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (eETDRS) protocol VA measurements and factors affecting the size of the differences.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Participants: Study and fellow eyes of participants enrolled in DRCR Retina Network Protocols AC and AE (diabetic macular edema), and W (nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy) with clinical VA recorded within 3 months before the protocol visit.