Increasing women's sexual desire: The comparative effectiveness of estrogens and androgens.

Both estradiol and testosterone have been implicated as the steroid critical for modulating women's sexual desire. By contrast, in all other female mammals only estradiol has been shown to be critical for female sexual motivation and behavior. Pharmaceutical companies have invested heavily in the development of androgen therapies for female sexual desire disorders, but today there are still no FDA approved androgen therapies for women.

Early adolescent Depo-Provera exposure increases stillbirths in adult sooty mangabeys.

The 3-month injectable contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA; Depo-Provera) is a synthetic progestin that protects against pregnancy by suppressing ovulation. Studies have focused on the resumption of ovulation after MPA-treatment cessation but neglected potential long-term effects of MPA exposure on future successful reproduction. MPA is frequently administered to adolescent girls; however, long-term fertility effects of adolescent MPA exposure have not been explored.

Decreased striatal dopamine release underlies increased expression of long-term synaptic potentiation at corticostriatal synapses 24 h after 3-nitropropionic-acid-induced chemical hypoxia.

The striatum is particularly sensitive to the irreversible inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP). In the present study, we examined early changes in behavior and dopamine and glutamate synaptic physiology created by a single systemic injection of 3-NP in Fischer 344 rats. Hindlimb dystonia was seen 2 h after 3-NP injections, and rats performed poorly on balance beam and rotarod motor tests 24 h later.