Activation and inhibition of human cancer cell hyaluronidase by proteins.

Results regarding hyaluronidase activity in tumor extracts or cell lines are subject to variations according to the method used for the assay and, sometimes, within an assay. Hyaluronidase was assayed at pH 3.8 in the culture medium of the human cancer-derived cell lines SA87 and H460M by several techniques: HPLC, Reissig technique, ELSA technique, and zymographic analysis.

[Production of hyaluronidase by cultured human tumor cells].

The presence of hyaluronidase was detected at pH 3.8 in eight out of twelve human cancer cell line culture media. Eight cell lines derived from primary tumours and four from metastases.

In vivo effects of activated H-ras oncogene expressed in the liver and in urogenital tissues.

Transgenic mouse technology provides a direct genetic approach to in vivo carcinogenesis. In order to determine the oncogenic potential of an activated ras gene in liver, kidney and intestine, we created transgenic mice expressing the human H-ras oncogene under control of the L-type pyruvate-kinase gene. This gene is expressed in hepatocytes, enterocytes, proximal tubular cells of the kidney and endocrine pancreatic cells.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in a new human glioma cell line in culture before and after xenogenic transplantation into nude mice.

A human glioma cell line, SA146, was initiated on precoated extracellular matrix from a stereotactic biopsy of a glioblastoma. We report modulation in the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by SA146 passed in vitro before or after xenogenic transplantation into nude mice. Immunofluorescence data show a decrease in the percentage of GFAP-expressing cells with increasing in vitro passages but a full reexpression (100% of GFAP-positive cells among vimentin-positive cells) was observed in cultures just derived from the xenotransplanted tumor.

Normal tubular regeneration and differentiation of the post-ischemic kidney in mice lacking vimentin.

Proliferation and dedifferentiation of tubular cells are the hallmark of early regeneration after renal ischemic injury. Vimentin, a class III intermediate filament expressed only in mesenchymal cells of mature mammals, was shown to be transiently expressed in post-ischemic renal tubular epithelial cells. Vimentin re-expression was interpreted as a marker of cellular dedifferentiation, but its role in tubular regeneration after renal ischemia has also been hypothesized.

Hyaluronan and hyaluronectin in the extracellular matrix of human brain tumour stroma.

Hyaluronan (HA) and the hyaluronan-binding glycoprotein hyaluronectin (HN) were measured in 23 gliomas and 8 meningiomas and their location was revisited in 35 tumours. A clear-cut difference was found in the HN/HA ratio values of glioblastomas (below 0.5) and that of astrocytomas (above 0.

Developmental regulation of villin gene expression in the epithelial cell lineages of mouse digestive and urogenital tracts.

The expression of villin, an actin-binding protein and major structural component of the brush border of specialized absorptive cells, was studied during mouse embryogenesis. We show that the ontogeny of villin expression is limited to the epithelial cell lineages of the digestive and uro-genital tracts and accounts for the tissue-specific expression observed in adult mice. This spatiotemporal pattern of villin expression is distinctive in sequence, intensity, regional distribution and polarization.

Human centrosomal epitope is shared specifically with human lactate dehydrogenase-B isozyme.

A rabbit serum (0013) used to identify pericentriolar proteins from isolated centrosomes (Gosti-Testu, F., Marty, M.C.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in adrenocortical and Leydig cells of the Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus).

In an immunocytochemical investigation of the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in non-nervous system tissues ten anti-GFAP antibodies were used on a range of normal adult organs from different species. All four polyclonal and six monoclonal antibodies revealed the expression of GFAP in cells of the zona fasciculata and reticularis of the adrenal cortex and Leydig cells of the Syrian hamster. The Chinese hamster, mole, rat, mouse, guinea pig, rabbit, pig, duck and man were negative.

Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin in mouse lens epithelial cells during development in vivo and during proliferation and differentiation in vitro: comparison with the developmental appearance of GFAP in the mouse central nervous system.

Analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin in mouse lens epithelial cells (MLEC) during ontogenesis revealed a two-step developmental expression similar to that observed in astrocytes. Vimentin was first immunostained at E11 corresponding with the closure of the lens vesicle, whereas GFAP was detected only after a further 7 days (E18); this protein appeared simultaneously in the mouse lens and CNS. In the latter case, it was present in the hypothalamic tanycytes and spinal cord.

[Medullomyoblastoma: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study].

Medullomyoblastoma is a rare tumor of childhood, arising in the cerebellar vermis. In the case reported, the immunohistochemical study (desmin, myosin, myoglobin and actin) and the ultrastructural findings, confirm the presence of rhabdomyoblastic cells associated with a typical medulloblastic component. Differential diagnosis and histogenesis of this tumor are discussed.

KIN, a mammalian nuclear protein immunologically related to E. coli RecA protein.

A polypeptide of about 120 kDa, called KIN, has been identified in rat FR 3T3 cells by immunoblotting using affinity-purified antibodies against the RecA protein of Escherichia coli (38 kDa). The KIN protein as shown by fluorescent light microscopy and electron microscopy is essentially concentrated in the nucleus. Its level is higher in proliferating than in quiescent cells.

Villin expression in the visceral endoderm and in the gut anlage during early mouse embryogenesis.

Villin is an evolutionarily well conserved, Ca2+ regulated actin-binding protein, and a major structural component of the brush border of specialized absorptive cells. Using paraffin sections and an affinity purified polyclonal anti-villin antibody, we have investigated the early expression of villin during mouse embryogenesis. Villin is first detectable at the early post-implantation stage in visceral endodermal cells at the periphery of the egg cylinder.

Centrosomal proteins and lactate dehydrogenase possess a common epitope in human cell lines.

A spontaneously arising rabbit anti-centrosome serum with strong human specificity, used to identify specific antigens in isolated centrosomes, was shown to react with several noncentrosomal proteins including a 36-kDa protein that appeared to be the major cellular antigen. To explore the immunological relationship between noncentrosomal and centrosomal antigens, immunoglobulins were affinity purified using the individual noncentrosomal antigens (from lymphoblastoma KE37 cells) and were tested for their capacity to bind to human centrosomes in situ and to proteins from isolated centrosomes. In this way, the 36-kDa antigen, an abundant cytosolic protein, was shown to share at least one antigenic determinant with high molecular weight centrosomal proteins.

[Immunocytochemical demonstrating of a neurofibrillary component of the peripheral nervous system manifested by a human natural antibody].

Human serum SH2172, obtained from a girl suffering from bullous dermatosis, showed a natural immunoreactivity against the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of rat, mouse and hamster. Immunocytochemical staining and examination by light and electron microscopy demonstrated an intracellular neurofibrillary network localized in neurites and neuronal pericaryons. Comparative testing clearly showed that SH2172 immunoreactivity is different from that of the antibodies against the triplet of proteins NFP70, 160 and 200 kD.

[Immunohistochemical localization of alpha-fetoprotein in the vitelline sac of a two-week old human embryo].

Histological sections of a stage 6b human embryo (13-15 days old) were immunohistochemically stained for specific alphafoetoprotein (AFP). Conspicuous AFP+ endodermal cells were observed in the yolk-sac wall using the ABC peroxidase technique, which gave consistent results on dismounted and decolorized old slides.

Identification of centrosomal proteins in a human lymphoblastic cell line.

Highly enriched preparations of centrosomes from human T-lymphoblasts KE 37 were analyzed for their protein content. The specific pattern of polypeptides was characterized by an abundant subset of high mol. wt proteins and a major group of proteins with mol.

[Immunohistochemical localization of chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein in polyembryomas: description and interpretation].

As polyembryomas are special forms of human teratomas in which numerous structures mimicking the early stages of the human embryo are conspicuous, immunoperoxidase staining of these embryoid bodies (EB) has been used to reveal the initial appearance and localization of beta HCG and AFP, respectively, in amnion and in primary yolk-sac. EB are involved in the building of various questionable patterns of teratomatous germ-cell tumours. Special emphasis has been placed on tracking yolk-sac tumour patterns through dislocating EB, using a specific anti-human AFP serum.

A protein of Mr 80,000 is associated with the nucleolus organizer of human cell lines.

A rabbit serum which had previously been reported to have an immunological affinity for centrosomes of human cell lines was shown also to be specific for the nucleus. Optical and ultrastructural immunolocalization in HeLa cells showed that this specificity is restricted to the fibrillar centre of nucleoli either in untreated or actinomycin D treated interphase cells. In mitotic cells discrete labelling was observed on chromosomes and shown to correspond, on spread metaphase plates, to the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes, i.

Evidence that mouse astrocytes may be derived from the radial glia. An immunohistochemical study of the cerebellum in the normal and reeler mouse.

Astrocytic cells of unusual aspect can be detected in the cerebellum of normal mice during the first 4 weeks of life. They are visualized with anti-GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein), anti-S100 and anti-vimentin immune sera. Their perikaryons, located in the white matter or in the granular layer, extend long processes which are inserted onto the pial surface.

[Immunological localization of alpha-fetoprotein in the proximal endoderm and its significance in extra-embryonic differentiation of teratocarcinomas in the mouse].

The ABC technique using a specific anti-mouse alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) serum permits identification of groups of extraembryonic proximal endoderm cells in certain teratocarcinomas. These AFP+ cells are always associated with trophoblastic and parietal endodermal patterns and structures. These observations strongly support the hypothesis of a common precursor to the extraembryonic tissues which appears during the first phases of egg development.

[An immunological technic (ABC immunoperoxidase) demonstrating hepatic differentiation in teratocarcinomas of the mouse].

The present work shows that hepatic tissue occasionally appears in certain mouse teratocarcinomas: the presence of hepatic structures in these tumours, suspected on the basis of routine histological examination, is confirmed here by the use of anti-mouse alpha-foetoprotein serum and the ABC immunoperoxidase technique.

[Simultaneous immunocytochemical demonstration of the centrosphere and nucleolar organizer in cultured human cells].

A rabbit showing natural centrosphere-immunoreactivity was immunized with streptococcus pyogenes type 24 (S 24). During the immunization, an additional NOR-immunoreactivity appeared. This reactivity was not inhibited after the serum absorption by S 24 and seems fortuitous.

Tubulin evolution: ciliate-specific epitopes are conserved in the ciliary tubulin of Metazoa.

In spite of their overall evolutionary conservation, the tubulins of ciliates display electrophoretic and structural particularities. We show here that antibodies raised against Paramecium and Tetrahymena ciliary tubulins fail to recognize the cytoplasmic tubulins of all the metazoans tested. Immunoblotting of peptide maps of ciliate tubulins reveals that these antibodies react with one or very few ciliate-specific epitopes, in contrast to polyclonal antibodies against vertebrate tubulins, which are equivalent to autoantibodies and recognize several epitopes in both ciliate and vertebrate tubulins.