Novel phospholipase A2 inhibitors from python serum are potent peptide antibiotics.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a vital role in defense against resistant bacteria. In this study, eight different AMPs synthesized from Python reticulatus serum protein were tested for bactericidal activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia pseudomallei (KHW and TES strains), and Proteus vulgaris) using a disc-diffusion method (20 μg/disc). Among the tested peptides, phospholipase A2 inhibitory peptide (PIP)-18[59-76], β-Asp65-PIP[59-67], D-Ala66-PNT.

RANKL targeted peptides inhibit osteoclastogenesis and attenuate adjuvant induced arthritis by inhibiting NF-κB activation and down regulating inflammatory cytokines.

Peptides designed from osteoprotegerin (OPG) have previously been shown to inhibit receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and prevent bone loss without significantly inhibiting inflammation. The objective of this study was to develop a novel peptide with dual inhibitory activity against bone loss and inflammation using site-directed mutagenesis. Out of the three putative sites (i.

Therapeutic potential of peptides with neutralizing ability towards the venom and toxin (CaTx-I) of crotalus adamanteus.

The CaTx-I (PLA2) toxin of Crotalus adamanteus venom is responsible for most of the symptoms observed during envenomation. Synthetic peptides were designed and screened for venom (0.8 μg/ml) and CaTx-I (0.

Evaluation of antibacterial activity of proteins and peptides using a specific animal model for wound healing.

Wound healing is a complex process involving the integrated actions of numerous cell types, soluble mediators, and extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) purified from crotalid snake venom was found to express in vitro bactericidal activity against a group of clinical human pathogens. Based on the sequence homology of PLA(2), a series of peptides were derived from the C-terminal region of crotalid PLA(2).

ETS2 regulating neurodegenerative signaling pathway of human neuronal (SH-SY5Y) cells exposed to single and repeated low-dose sarin (GB).

The mechanistic understanding of low-level sarin-induced neurotoxicity after single or repeated doses has yet to be explored at a cellular level. Using the microarray (Affymetrix-GeneChips) transcription profiling approach, the present study examined gene expression in human SH-SY5Y cells exposed to single (3 and 24 h) or repeated (2 x 24 h) doses of sarin (5 microg/mL) to delineate the possible mechanism. Two hundred twenty-four genes whose expression was significantly (P < 0.

Ethnobotanical survey of folk plants for the treatment of snakebites in Southern part of Tamilnadu, India.

Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in four different indigenous groups in Southern parts of Tamilnadu, India, using a questionnaire. The herbal practitioners in the study area were interviewed, and information on medicinal plants was collected from the traditional healers called "Vaidyars". This survey covers 72 medicinal plants belonging to 53 families that are used for the treatment of snakebite in a traditional way.

Novel peptide inhibitors of human secretory phospholipase A2 with antiinflammatory activity: solution structure and molecular modeling.

Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and matrix metallopreoteinases (MMPs) are key enzymes involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and their modulation thus represents a potential therapeutic option. On the basis of Escherichia coli radioassay, synthetic peptides were designed and screened for sPLA2 inhibition. The linear peptide, 10f (PIP-18), inhibited the recombinant human synovial sPLA2 activity with an IC50 of 1.

Effect of aqueous extract of Tragia involucrata Linn. on acute and subacute inflammation.

Antiinflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Tragia involucrata was tested on carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema and cotton pellet granuloma models in albino rats. In the subacute model, cotton pellet granuloma was produced by implantation of 10 mg sterile cotton in the axilla under ether anaesthesia. The animals were administered an aqueous extract at various concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg.