Semi-volatile organic compounds in French dwellings: An estimation of concentrations in the gas phase and particulate phase from settled dust.

Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are present in the gas phase, particulate phase and settled dust in the indoor environment, resulting in human exposure through different pathways. Sometimes, SVOCs are only measured in a single phase because of practical and/or financial constraints. A probabilistic method proposed by Wei et al.

Chemical-by-chemical and cumulative risk assessment of residential indoor exposure to semivolatile organic compounds in France.

Background: The toxic effects of environmental exposure to chemicals are increasingly being studied and confirmed, notably for semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs). These are found in many products and housing materials, from which they are emitted to indoor air, settled dust and other surfaces.

Objectives: The objective of this work is to assess the human health risk posed by residential indoor exposure to 32 SVOCs, assessed in previous nationwide studies.

Indoor residential exposure to semivolatile organic compounds in France.

Multiple chemicals are emitted in residential accommodation. Aggregate Daily Doses (ADD) (ng/kg-bw/d) were estimated for 32 semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) of different chemical families that are frequently detected in French dwellings in both air and settled dust. Daily doses were determined using steady-state models for the population, categorized into 11 age groups covering birth to age 30.

Aggregating exposures & cumulating risk for semivolatile organic compounds: A review.

Increasingly, health risk assessment is addressing multiple pathway exposures to multiple contaminants. We reviewed aggregated exposure and cumulative risk approaches for contemporary and ubiquitous semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC). We identified 22 studies aggregating exposure pathways, and 31 cumulating risk.

Dermal absorption of semivolatile organic compounds from the gas phase: Sensitivity of exposure assessment by steady state modeling to key parameters.

Recent research has demonstrated the importance of dermal exposure for some semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) present in the gas phase of indoor air. Though models for estimating dermal intake from gaseous SVOCs exist, their predictions can be subject to variations in input parameters, which can lead to large variation in exposure estimations. In this sensitivity analysis for a steady state model, we aimed to assess these variations and their determinants using probabilistic Monte Carlo sampling for 8 SVOCs from different chemical families: phthalates, bisphenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organophosphorus (OPs), organochlorines (OCs), synthetic musks, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybromodiphenylethers (PBDEs).

Predicting the gas-phase concentration of semi-volatile organic compounds from airborne particles: Application to a French nationwide survey.

Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) partition indoors between the gas phase, airborne particles, settled dust, and other surfaces. Unknown concentrations of SVOCs in the gas phase (C) can be predicted from their measured concentrations in airborne particles. In previous studies, the prediction of C depended largely on choosing a specific equation for the calculation of the particle/gas partition coefficient.

Temperature dependence of the particle/gas partition coefficient: An application to predict indoor gas-phase concentrations of semi-volatile organic compounds.

The indoor gas-phase concentrations of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) can be predicted from their respective concentrations in airborne particles by applying the particle/gas partitioning equilibrium. The temperature used for partitioning is often set to 25°C. However, indoor temperatures frequently differ from this reference value.

Distributions of the particle/gas and dust/gas partition coefficients for seventy-two semi-volatile organic compounds in indoor environment.

Particle/gas and dust/gas partition coefficients (Kp and Kd) are two key parameters that address the partitioning of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) between gas-phase, airborne particles, and settled dust in indoor environment. A number of empirical equations to calculate the values of Kp and Kd have been reported in the literature. Therefore, the difficulty lies in the selection of a specific empirical equation in a given situation.