Response of Pedunculate Oak ( L.) to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Genetic and Dendrochronological Studies.

Pedunculate oak ( L.) is widely distributed across Europe and serves critical ecological, economic, and recreational functions. Investigating its responses to stressors such as drought, extreme temperatures, pests, and pathogens provides valuable insights into its capacity to adapt to climate change.

Gelation in input-driven aggregation.

We investigate irreversible aggregation processes driven by a source of small mass clusters. In the spatially homogeneous situation, a well-mixed system consists of clusters of various masses whose concentrations evolve according to an infinite system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. We focus on the cluster mass distribution in the long-time limit.

Transcriptional reprogramming in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum and its aphid host Myzus persicae during the switch between saprophytic and parasitic lifestyles.

Background: The fungus Metarhizium brunneum has evolved a remarkable ability to switch between different lifestyles. It develops as a saprophyte, an endophyte establishing mutualistic relationships with plants, or a parasite, enabling its use for the control of insect pests such as the aphid Myzus persicae. We tested our hypothesis that switches between lifestyles must be accompanied by fundamental transcriptional reprogramming, reflecting adaptations to different environmental settings.

Assessment of Phytomass and Carbon Stock in the Ecosystems of the Central Forest Steppe of the East European Plain: Integrated Approach of Terrestrial Environmental Monitoring and Remote Sensing with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.

The rapid and accurate estimation of aboveground forest phytomass remains a challenging research task. In general, methods for estimating phytomass fall mainly into the category of field measurements performed by ground-based methods, but approaches based on remote sensing and ecological modelling have been increasingly applied. The aim is to develop the scientific and methodological framework for the remote sensing estimation of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of forest stands, using the combination of surveys and machine learning models to determine phytomass of forest stands and calculate the carbon balance.

Finite-size effects in addition and chipping processes.

We investigate analytically and numerically a system of clusters evolving via collisions with clusters of minimal mass (monomers). Each collision either leads to the addition of the monomer to the cluster or the chipping of a monomer from the cluster, and emerging behaviors depend on which of the two processes is more probable. If addition prevails, monomers disappear in a time that scales as lnN with the total mass N≫1, and the system reaches a jammed state.

Phosphoproteome analysis of the crosstalk between sumoylation and phosphorylation in mouse spermatocytes.

Spermatogenesis is supported by various posttranslational modifications. There is growing evidence supporting a crosstalk between sumoylation and phosphorylation in different cell types. We have recently shown that inhibition of global sumoylation with a sumoylation inhibitor (Ginkgolic acid, GA) arrested purified mouse spermatocytes in vitro; the spermatocytes could not condense chromatin and disassemble the synaptonemal complex.

Preoperative anxiolytic and antidepressant medications as risk factors for increased opioid use after total knee arthroplasty: a matched retrospective cohort analysis.

Introduction: Previous literature has suggested that the presence of anxiety or depression may be linked to increased postoperative pain. The objective of this retrospective analysis was to assess whether patients who use anxiolytics or antidepressants preoperatively were associated with worse acute pain outcomes after elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Material And Methods: A chart review of patients who underwent TKA at our institution was conducted.

The Dissemination of Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices.

Direct contact between the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their host is a prerequisite to successful infection; the host can, therefore, be infected by both direct treatment and by transmission of fungal inoculum from infested surfaces. This unique characteristic makes EPF especially relevant for the control of cryptic insects. In the case of the red palm weevil (RPW) , the eggs and larvae are almost inaccessible to direct-contact treatment.

Specificity of Individual Response Radial Increment of Scots Pine in the Voronezh Biosphere Reserve on the Differentiated Forest Conditions.

The purpose of our study was to assess the individual variability of the response to climatic conditions of the radial increment of L. trees aged 100-140 years. The studied pine stand grows in the conditions of a site with a heterogeneous microrelief in the Voronezh Reserve.

The SWC4 subunit of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex is involved in varying virulence of isolates offering role of epigenetic regulation of pathogenicity.

The host - pathogen interaction is a multifactorial process subject to a co-evolutionary arms race consisting of rapid changes in both host and pathogen, controlled at the genetic and epigenetic levels. Previously, we showed intra-species variation in disease progression and pathogenicity in aphids for isolates MbK and Mb7. Herein, we compared genomic, epigenetic, and metabolomic variations between these isolates and their effects on pathogenicity.

Multiscale Mechanical Performance of Wood: From Nano- to Macro-Scale across Structure Hierarchy and Size Effects.

This review describes methods and results of studying the mechanical properties of wood at all scales: from nano- to macro-scale. The connection between the mechanical properties of material and its structure at all these levels is explored. It is shown that the existing size effects in the mechanical properties of wood, in a range of the characteristic sizes of the structure of about six orders of magnitude, correspond to the empirical Hall-Petch relation.

Relationship between Thermal Diffusivity and Mechanical Properties of Wood.

This paper describes an experimental study of the relationships between thermal diffusivity and mechanical characteristics including Brinell hardness, microhardness, and Young's modulus of common pine ( L.), pedunculate oak ( L.), and small-leaf lime ( Mill.

Regulation-based probabilistic substance quality index and automated geo-spatial modeling for water quality assessment.

Natural environments are recognized as complex heterogeneous structures thus requiring numerous multi-scale observations to yield a comprehensive description. To monitor the current state and identify negative impacts of human activity, fast and precise instruments are in urgent need. This work provides an automated approach to the assessment of spatial variability of water quality using guideline values on the example of 1526 water samples comprising 21 parameters at 448 unique locations across the New Moscow region (Russia).

Not Only a Formulation: The Effects of Pickering Emulsion on the Entomopathogenic Action of .

Growing global population and environmental concerns necessitate the transition from chemical to eco-friendly pest management. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are rising candidates for this task due to their ease of growing, broad host range and unique disease process, allowing EPF to infect hosts directly through its cuticle. However, EPF's requirement for high humidity negates their integration into conventional agriculture.

Hopf bifurcation in addition-shattering kinetics.

In aggregation-fragmentation processes, a steady state is usually reached. This indicates the existence of an attractive fixed point in the underlying infinite system of coupled ordinary differential equations. The next simplest possibility is an asymptotically periodic motion.

Transformation of an Embedded Five-Membered Ring in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via the Hydrogen-Abstraction-Acetylene-Addition Mechanism: A Theoretical Study.

Five-membered rings are constituents of many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and their presence on the edges of large PAHs has been repeatedly observed experimentally. However, modern kinetic combustion models often do not consider the growth of PAHs through the transformation of the five-membered rings. In connection with the above, we carried out a theoretical study of the mechanism of hydrogen-abstraction-acetylene-addition (HACA) transformation of an embedded five-membered ring on the armchair PAH edge to a six-membered ring, considering cyclopenta[,,]phenanthrene (4,5-methylenephenanthrene) as a prototype system for this process.

Markers of muscle damage and strength performance in professional football (soccer) players during the competitive period.

Background: The present study investigated the impact of competitive soccer on the short-term changes in isometric strength of the adductor muscle group during the competitive season.

Methods: In this cohort study we evaluated the association between a serum marker of muscle damage [creatine phosphokinase (CPK)] and isometric strength of the adductor muscles of the hip in 30 professional football players (age: 26.7±2.

Swirlonic state of active matter.

We report a novel state of active matter-a swirlonic state. It is comprised of swirlons, formed by groups of active particles orbiting their common center of mass. These quasi-particles demonstrate a surprising behavior: In response to an external load they move with a constant velocity proportional to the applied force, just as objects in viscous media.

On the mechanism of soot nucleation. II. E-bridge formation at the PAH bay.

A recently proposed mechanism of soot nucleation (M. Frenklach and A. M.

Ultrafast dynamics in LMCT and intraconfigurational excited states in hexahaloiridates(iv), models for heavy transition metal complexes and building blocks of quantum correlated materials.

The population and structural dynamics of IrCl is studied in acetonitrile and aqueous solutions in comparison to isoelectronic IrBr using ultrafast broadband, dispersed transient absorption, with both octahedra excited with 85 fs pulses at four different wavelengths, encompassing the first seven t-based electronic states. Ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) 420 or 490 nm excitation of IrCl into U'(T) + E''(T) states, superimposed due to Ham effect, or U'(T), respectively, leads to symmetry lowering due to Jahn-Teller effect in these excited states with the subsequent 100 fs decay into U'(T). This first LMCT state is formed vibrationally coherent in the 104 cm t (scissor) or 243 cm e (out-of-phase-stretch) Jahn-Teller modes for the respective excitation wavelength.

Synthesis and Characterization of Ru-Loaded Anodized Aluminum Oxide for Hydrogenation Catalysis.

Anodized aluminum oxides (AAOs) are synthesized and used as catalyst support in combination with Ru as metal in hydrogenation catalysis. SEM and TEM analysis of the as-synthesized AAOs reveal uniform, ordered nanotubes with pore diameters of 18 nm, which are further characterized with Kr physisorption, XRD and FTIR spectroscopy. After impregnation of the AAOs with Ru, the presence of Ru nanoparticles inside the tubular pores is evidenced clearly for the first time via HAADF-STEM-EDX.

Femtosecond dynamics of metal-centered and ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (t-based) electronic excited states in various solvents: A comprehensive study of IrBr .

The photophysical properties of intraconfigurational metal-centered (MC) and ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) states were studied in a prototype low spin heavy d transition metal complex, IrBr . The femtosecond-to-picosecond dynamics of this complex was investigated in solutions of drastically different polarity (acetonitrile, chloroform, and water) by means of ultrafast broadband transient absorption spectroscopy. We observed that the system, when excited into the third excited [second LMCT, U'(T)] state, undergoes distortion from the Franck-Condon geometry along the t vibrational mode as a result of the Jahn-Teller effect, followed by rapid internal conversion to populate (90 fs) the second excited [first LMCT, U'(T)] state.

Ultrafast Excited-State Dynamics of Ligand-Field and Ligand-to-Metal Charge-Transfer States of CuCl in Solution: A Detailed Transient Absorption Study.

Ultrafast excited-state dynamics of CuCl in acetonitrile is studied by femtosecond broadband transient absorption spectroscopy following excitation of the complex into all ligand-field (LF or d-d) states and into the two ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) states corresponding to the most intense steady-state absorption bands. The LF excited states are found to be nonreactive. The lowest-lying E LF excited state has a lifetime less than 150 fs, and the lifetimes of the second (B) and the third (A) LF excited states are 1 and 5 ps, respectively.

Mechanism and rate constants of the CH + CH CO reactions in triplet and singlet states: A theoretical study.

Ab initio and density functional CCSD(T)-F12/cc-pVQZ-f12//B2PLYPD3/6-311G** calculations have been performed to unravel the reaction mechanism of triplet and singlet methylene CH with ketene CH CO. The computed potential energy diagrams and molecular properties have been then utilized in Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus-Master Equation (RRKM-ME) calculations of the reaction rate constants and product branching ratios combined with the use of nonadiabatic transition state theory for spin-forbidden triplet-singlet isomerization. The results indicate that the most important channels of the reaction of ketene with triplet methylene lead to the formation of the HCCO + CH and C H + CO products, where the former channel is preferable at higher temperatures from 1000 K and above.