Not all uterine carcinosarcomas are created equal: Survival outcomes according to molecular characterization of uterine carcinosarcoma.

Objectives: To assess if ProMisE classifier molecular subtypes are associated with differing survival outcomes in uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) and compare these outcomes to endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) tumors.

Methods: There were 2235 UCS and 6469 EEC tumors using next-generation sequencing of DNA, whole exome sequencing, and RNA. Microsatellite instability (MSI) was tested by IHC and NGS.

A Pan-RAS Inhibitor with a Unique Mechanism of Action Blocks Tumor Growth and Induces Antitumor Immunity in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

RAS is a common driver of cancer that was considered undruggable for decades. Recent advances have enabled the development of RAS inhibitors, but the efficacy of these inhibitors remains limited by resistance. Here, we developed a pan-RAS inhibitor, ADT-007, that binds nucleotide-free RAS to block GTP activation of effector interactions and MAPK/AKT signaling, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis.

Malnutrition risk screening in adult oncology outpatients: An ASPEN systematic review and clinical recommendations.

Background: Malnutrition screening is not widely practiced in outpatient cancer centers. This review aims to determine the validity of malnutrition screening tools and provide recommendations for clinical use.

Methods: Studies identified by a systematic review assessed the general validity of screening tools in adult oncology outpatients from five databases through 2022.

A Novel Pan-RAS Inhibitor with a Unique Mechanism of Action Blocks Tumor Growth in Mouse Models of GI Cancer.

Unlabelled: Here, we describe a novel pan-RAS inhibitor, ADT-007, that potently inhibited the growth of RAS mutant cancer cells irrespective of the RAS mutation or isozyme. RAS cancer cells with GTP-activated RAS from upstream mutations were equally sensitive. Conversely, RAS cancer cells harboring downstream BRAF mutations and normal cells were essentially insensitive to ADT-007.

Opposing Roles of Mutations in Human Prostate and Endometrial Cancers.

Purpose: Recurrent gene mutations in speckle-type POZ protein (), the substrate-binding component of E3 ubiquitin ligase, are associated with tumor progression in prostate and endometrial cancers. Here, we characterized mutations in these cancers and explored their association with molecular and immune signatures and patient outcomes.

Methods: There were 7,398 prostate cancer and 19,188 endometrial cancer samples analyzed for clinical and molecular profiles at Caris Life Sciences.

Suppression of Colon Tumorigenesis in Mutant Mice by a Novel PDE10 Inhibitor that Reduces Oncogenic β-Catenin.

Previous studies have reported that phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is overexpressed in colon epithelium during early stages of colon tumorigenesis and essential for colon cancer cell growth. Here we describe a novel non-COX inhibitory derivative of the anti-inflammatory drug, sulindac, with selective PDE10 inhibitory activity, ADT 061. ADT 061 potently inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells expressing high levels of PDE10, but not normal colonocytes that do not express PDE10.

Additive Destabilization of Porous Magnesium Borohydride Framework with Core-Shell Structure.

Design of interfaces with thermodynamic and kinetic specificity is of great importance for hydrogen storage from both an applied and fundamental perspective. Here, in order to destabilize the metal hydride and protect the dehydrogenated products from oxidizing, a unique core-shell structure of porous Mg(BH ) -based framework with a thin layer (no more than 5 nm) of MgCl additives on the surface, has been proposed and synthesized via a wet-chemical method. The local structure and electronic state of the present complex system are systematically investigated to understand the correlation between the distribution of additives and dehydrogenation property of Mg(BH ) .

Prohibitin-1 Is a Dynamically Regulated Blood Protein With Cardioprotective Effects in Sepsis.

Background In sepsis, circulating cytokines and lipopolysaccharide elicit mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyopathy, a major cause of morbidity and mortality with this condition. Emerging research places the PHB1 (lipid raft protein prohibitin-1) at the nexus of inflammation, metabolism, and oxidative stress. PHB1 has also been reported in circulation, though its function in this compartment is completely unknown.

Structural and spectroscopic characterization of an einsteinium complex.

The transplutonium elements (atomic numbers 95-103) are a group of metals that lie at the edge of the periodic table. As a result, the patterns and trends used to predict and control the physics and chemistry for transition metals, main-group elements and lanthanides are less applicable to transplutonium elements. Furthermore, understanding the properties of these heavy elements has been restricted by their scarcity and radioactivity.

Enhancing anticancer activity of checkpoint immunotherapy by targeting RAS.

Approximately 30% of human cancers harbor a gain-in-function mutation in the RAS gene, resulting in constitutive activation of the RAS protein to stimulate downstream signaling, including the RAS-mitogen activated protein kinase pathway that drives cancer cells to proliferate and metastasize. RAS-driven oncogenesis also promotes immune evasion by increasing the expression of programmed cell death ligand-1, reducing the expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules that present antigens to T-lymphocytes and altering the expression of cytokines that promote the differentiation and accumulation of immune suppressive cell types such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T-cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Together, these changes lead to an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment that impedes T-cell activation and infiltration and promotes the outgrowth and metastasis of tumor cells.

A nature-inspired hydrogen-bonded supramolecular complex for selective copper ion removal from water.

Herein, we present a scalable approach for the synthesis of a hydrogen-bonded organic-inorganic framework via coordination-driven supramolecular chemistry, for efficient remediation of trace heavy metal ions from water. In particular, using copper as our model ion of interest and inspired by nature's use of histidine residues within the active sites of various copper binding proteins, we design a framework featuring pendant imidazole rings and copper-chelating salicylaldoxime, known as zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime supramolecule. This material is water-stable and exhibits unprecedented adsorption kinetics, up to 50 times faster than state-of-the-art materials for selective copper ion capture from water.

Exploiting RAS Nucleotide Cycling as a Strategy for Drugging RAS-Driven Cancers.

Oncogenic mutations in genes result in the elevation of cellular active RAS protein levels and increased signal propagation through downstream pathways that drive tumor cell proliferation and survival. These gain-of-function mutations drive over 30% of all human cancers, presenting promising therapeutic potential for RAS inhibitors. However, many have deemed RAS "undruggable" after nearly 40 years of failed drug discovery campaigns aimed at identifying a RAS inhibitor with clinical activity.

Impact of Source Position and Obstructions on Fume Hood Releases.

A fume hood is the most central piece of safety equipment available to researchers in a laboratory environment. While it is understood that the face velocity and sash height can drastically influence airflow patterns, few specific recommendations can be given to the researcher to guide them to maximize the safety of their particular hood. This stems from the issue that fundamentally little is known regarding how obstructions within the hood can push potentially harmful particles or chemicals out of the fume hood and into the breathing zone.

Tuning the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Lanthanum Hexaboride to Absorb Solar Heat: A Review.

While traditional noble metal (Ag, Au, and Cu) nanoparticles are well known for their plasmonic properties, they typically only absorb in the ultraviolet and visible regions. The study of metal hexaborides, lanthanum hexaboride (LaB₆) in particular, expands the available absorbance range of these metals well into the near-infrared. As a result, LaB₆ has become a material of interest for its energy and heat absorption properties, most notably to those trying to absorb solar heat.

Design Rules for Self-Assembly of 2D Nanocrystal/Metal-Organic Framework Superstructures.

We demonstrate the guiding principles behind simple two dimensional self-assembly of MOF nanoparticles (NPs) and oleic acid capped iron oxide (Fe O ) NCs into a uniform two-dimensional bi-layered superstructure. This self-assembly process can be controlled by the energy of ligand-ligand interactions between surface ligands on Fe O NCs and Zr O (OH) (fumarate) MOF NPs. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and TEM tomography confirm the hierarchical co-assembly of Fe O NCs with MOF NPs as ligand energies are manipulated to promote facile diffusion of the smaller NCs.

Investing Early: Taking Stock of Outcomes and Economic Returns from Early Childhood Programs.

The past two decades have been characterized by a growing body of research from diverse disciplines-child development, psychology, neuroscience, and economics, among others-demonstrating the importance of establishing a strong foundation in the early years of life. The research evidence has served to document the range of early childhood services that can successfully put children and families on the path toward lifelong health and well-being, especially those at greatest risk of poor outcomes. As early childhood interventions have proliferated, researchers have evaluated whether the programs improve children's outcomes and, when they do, whether the improved outcomes generate benefits that can outweigh the program costs.

Moving the Plasmon of LaB₆ from IR to Near-IR via Eu-Doping.

Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB₆) has become a material of intense interest in recent years due to its low work function, thermal stability and intriguing optical properties. LaB₆ is also a semiconductor plasmonic material with the ability to support strong plasmon modes. Some of these modes uniquely stretch into the infrared, allowing the material to absorb around 1000 nm, which is of great interest to the window industry.

Drug Shortages: Effect on Parenteral Nutrition Therapy.

Drug shortages continue to be a threat to the health and welfare of numerous patients in the United States. For patients who depend on parenteral nutrition (PN) for survival, these shortages pose an even greater threat. Almost 75% of active drug shortages are sterile injectables, which includes PN components.

Cancer Cachexia: Cause, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

Patients with cancer frequently experience unintended weight loss due to gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction caused by the malignancy or treatment of the malignancy. However, others may present with weight loss related to other symptoms not clearly associated with identifiable GI dysfunction such as anorexia and early satiety. Cancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial syndrome that is generally characterized by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass with or without fat loss, often accompanied by anorexia, weakness, and fatigue.

Effects of Size and Structural Defects on the Vibrational Properties of Lanthanum Hexaboride Nanocrystals.

Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB) is notable for its thermionic emission and mechanical strength and is being explored for its potential applications in IR-absorbing photovoltaic cells and thermally insulating window coatings. Previous studies have not investigated how the properties of LaB change on the nanoscale. Despite interest in the tunable plasmonic properties of nanocrystalline LaB, studies have been limited due to challenges in the synthesis of phase-pure, size-controlled, high-purity nanocrystals without high temperatures or pressures.

Phenotypic differences between the sexes in the sexually plastic mangrove rivulus fish (Kryptolebias marmoratus).

To maximize reproductive success, many animal species have evolved functional sex change. Theory predicts that transitions between sexes should occur when the fitness payoff of the current sex is exceeded by the fitness payoff of the opposite sex. We examined phenotypic differences between the sexes in a sex-changing vertebrate, the mangrove rivulus fish (Kryptolebias marmoratus), to elucidate potential factors that might drive the 'decision' to switch sex.

Corrigendum to "Obesity in a model of gpx4 haploinsufficiency uncovers a causal role for lipid-derived aldehydes in human metabolic disease and cardiomyopathy" [Mol Metab 4 (6) (2015) 493-506].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.

Assembly and Photocarrier Dynamics of Heterostructured Nanocomposite Photoanodes from Multicomponent Colloidal Nanocrystals.

Multicomponent oxides and their heterostructures are rapidly emerging as promising light absorbers to drive oxidative chemistry. To fully exploit their functionality, precise tuning of their composition and structure is crucial. Here, we report a novel solution-based route to nanostructured bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) that facilitates the assembly of BiVO4/metal oxide (TiO2, WO3, and Al2O3) nanocomposites in which the morphology of the metal oxide building blocks is finely tailored.