Changes in taste perception in elderly population and its potential impact on oral health: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Aim: Gustatory function plays a fundamental role in various aspects related to nutrition and health, and the decline in taste perception can result in a series of adverse consequences. This is expected with aging due to a decrease in taste buds and other conditions, leading to systemic and oral diseases. We aimed to compare taste sensitivity in the elderly population vs.

Roles of social support and strain in predicting older adults' sleep disturbances.

Sleep disturbances impact the well-being of older adults, but there has been limited research on their longitudinal patterns and how they are affected by the quality of social relationships. This study explored longitudinal sleep disturbance patterns and examined the influence of social support and social strain on sleep disturbances in older adults using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) spanning from 2010 to 2018. Group-based trajectory modeling identified distinct trajectory groups.

The relationship between social relationships and sleep quality in older adults: Loneliness as a mediator and cognitive status as a moderator.

Objectives: This study investigates the complex relationships among social support, social strain, loneliness, cognitive status, and sleep quality in adults aged 51 and above. It aims to explore loneliness as a mediator between social support, social strain, and sleep quality and to examine if, and how, the mediating effect differs by cognitive status.

Methods: Eight years of data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study were analyzed using a cross-lagged panel model.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of procyanidins: potential for clinical and biotechnological applications.

Procyanidins (PCs) have emerged as agents with potential antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, although their mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships remain poorly understood. This review assessed the potential mechanisms of action and applications of these compounds to explore these aspects. Studies on the antimicrobial properties of PCs suggest that they are involved in osmotic imbalance, DNA interactions and metabolic disruption.

Insomnia symptoms among caregivers of persons with cognitive decline in an outpatient memory clinic.

Background: Significant insomnia symptoms can have important impacts on the health and quality of life of caregivers of persons with cognitive decline (PwCD).

Objective: To characterize the prevalence of clinically significant insomnia symptoms using the recommended community cutoff for the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI; ≥10) and identify correlates of the presence of symptoms.

Methods: Eighty PwCD caregivers were recruited from a memory and aging care clinic in an academic medical center and completed all study procedures (M = 66.

Sleep and blood pressure variability: A systematic literature review.

Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) is a prognostic marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sleep is recognized as a significant risk factor for CVD; however, little is known about the relationship between sleep characteristics and BPV.

Objective: In this systematic review, we aimed to (1) describe methods used to measure BPV and sleep and (2) describe the current evidence in the literature on the association between sleep and BPV.

Association of Seizure Control With Cognition in People With Normal Cognition and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background And Objectives: Seizures are common in dementia and associated with accelerated cognitive decline. However, the impact of active vs remote seizures on cognition remains understudied. This study aimed to investigate the impact of active vs remote seizures on cognition in people with normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

The immunology of B-1 cells: from development to aging.

B-1 cells have intricate biology, with distinct function, phenotype and developmental origin from conventional B cells. They generate a B cell receptor with conserved germline characteristics and biased V(D)J recombination, allowing this innate-like lymphocyte to spontaneously produce self-reactive natural antibodies (NAbs) and become activated by immune stimuli in a T cell-independent manner. NAbs were suggested as "rheostats" for the chronic diseases in advanced age.

Psychological distress, forced awakening, and morning blood pressure surge.

Background: Morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) has been recognized as an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease events. Psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and perceived stress, and behavioral risk factors, such as poor sleep quality, have been associated with increased MBPS. Elevations in sympathetic activity induced by forced awakening may also contribute to further increases in MBPS.

High Frequency of Deletions in the 2 and 3 Genes of in the Middle Rio Negro Region of the Brazilian Amazon.

Several countries are reporting natural populations of with deletions in the 2/3 genes that can lead to false-negative results in rapid diagnostic tests. To investigate the prevalence of deletion in the 2/3 genes in the Rio Negro basin in the Brazilian Amazon and identify whether there is clinical differentiation between individuals infected by these parasites, clinical samples collected from 2003 to 2016 were analyzed from symptomatic and asymptomatic -infected individuals. The molecular deletion of and genes was evaluated using the protocols recommended by the WHO.

Caregiver Experiences With an Internet-Delivered Insomnia Intervention: SHUTi-CARE Trial Primary Qualitative Analysis.

Background: Digital health interventions show potential to increase caregivers' access to psychosocial care; however, it is unclear to what extent existing interventions may need to be tailored to meet caregivers' unique needs.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether-and if so, how-an efficacious Internet-delivered insomnia program should be modified for caregivers. The generalizability of these findings beyond the tested program was also examined.

Caregivers' Internet-Delivered Insomnia Intervention Engagement and Benefit: SHUTi-CARE Trial Primary Quantitative Analysis.

Background: Delivering insomnia treatment by the Internet holds promise for increasing care access to family caregivers, but their ability to adhere to and benefit from such fully-automated programs has not been rigorously tested.

Purpose: This fully-powered, single-group trial tested whether characteristics of the caregiving context influence high-intensity caregivers' engagement with and benefit from an empirically validated Internet intervention for insomnia.

Methods: At baseline, caregivers providing unpaid time- and responsibility-intensive care who reported insomnia (N = 100; age M = 52.

The impact of forced awakening on morning blood pressure surge.

Background: Poor sleep quality can cause an increase in morning blood pressure surge (MBPS), an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Awakening induced by external factors such as alarm clocks, may also contribute to increased MBPS.

Objectives: To (1) compare the MBPS and sleep quality parameters between natural and forced awakenings and (2) examine the potential impact of forced awakening on MBPS, independent of sleep quality.

Reflections on co-managing investigative praxis in the context of a health emergency.

This article deals with the interest of the scientific field in systematizing the co-management investigative praxis, in a health emergency scenario, based on the analysis of a research with a multicentric qualitative approach, using the framework of the Support Research and the analysis of critical hermeneutics. As a result, it was identified that the creation of a map guide contributed as a guiding document, aiming at organizing different techniques for the organization and formation of field researchers, as well as an instrument of data analysis. The training of researchers for the theoretical framework of Support Research, as well as their co-management and involvement in the different stages of research, proved to be a differential for the production of subjects and collectives with investigative praxis, allowing a dialogic exchange between coordinators and researchers and regular sharing of the results.

Interrelationship of Sleep Disturbances and Cognitive Status on Mortality.

Sleep disturbances may promote the development and advancement of Alzheimer's disease. Our purpose was to determine if sleep disturbances were associated with earlier mortality while accounting for cognition. The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database was used to evaluate mortality risk conferred by sleep, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score determined cognitive status.

Green Enzymatic Synthesis of Geranyl Butyrate: Process Optimization and Mechanistic Insights.

Flavor esters are organic compounds widely used in the food industry to enhance the aroma and taste of products. However, most chemical processes for the production of these flavoring compounds use toxic organic solvents. Some organic solvents derived from petroleum can leave behind residual traces in food products, which may raise concerns about potential health risks and contamination.

Prevalence and differences in the co-administration of drugs known to interact: an analysis of three distinct and large populations.

Background: The co-administration of drugs known to interact greatly impacts morbidity, mortality, and health economics. This study aims to examine the drug-drug interaction (DDI) phenomenon with a large-scale longitudinal analysis of age and gender differences found in drug administration data from three distinct healthcare systems.

Methods: This study analyzes drug administrations from population-wide electronic health records in Blumenau (Brazil; 133 K individuals), Catalonia (Spain; 5.

Natural antibodies are required for clearance of necrotic cells and recovery from acute liver injury.

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular necrosis is common in both acute and chronic liver injury and may evolve to fibrosis and liver failure. Injury leads to accumulation of necrotic cell debris in the liver, which drives persistent inflammation and poor recovery. This study investigated the role of natural antibodies (NAbs) in the clearance of necrotic cells in the injured liver, their impact on tissue regeneration and their potential as a therapy for acute liver injury.

An in vitro study using confocal laser scanning microscopy to evaluate the marginal misfits of different implant-supported frameworks.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a simple, non-destructive method for assessing the misfit and passivity of implant-retained prostheses frameworks.

Materials And Methods: To simulate the rehabilitation of a mandible posterior partially edentulous area using 3-unit screw-retained frameworks supported by two implants were fabricated and divided into the following five groups (n = 10 in each group): OP = one-piece framework cast in Co-Cr with the conventional method (control-group); Co-Cr frameworks sectioned and welded by laser (=LAS) or tungsten inert gas (=TIG); Co-Cr CAD-CAM = milled Co-Cr framework; Zir CAD-CAM = milled zirconia framework. The horizontal |X| and vertical |Y| misfits were measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy with one or both screws tightened.

Anti-Candida activity and in vitro toxicity screening of antifungals complexed with β-cyclodextrin.

The emergence of resistant fungal species and the toxicity of currently available antifungal drugs are relevant issues that require special consideration. Cyclodextrins inclusion complexes could optimize the antimicrobial activity of such drugs and create a controlled release system with few side effects. This study aimed to assess the in vitro toxicity and antifungal effectiveness of nystatin (Nys) and chlorhexidine (Chx) complexed or not with β-cyclodextrin (βCD).

Influence of the frameworks of implant-supported prostheses and implant connections on stress distribution.

Background: The maintenance of marginal bone integrity around dental implants continues to be a clinical challenge. It is still unclear whether loading multiple implant-supported prostheses that have different implant connections influences bone resorption.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare stress distribution around residual edentulous ridges supported by external hexagon (EH) and Morse taper (MT) implants with screw-retained frameworks obtained with the use of different methods.

Factors associated with reduced sleep among spouses and caregivers of older adults with varying levels of cognitive decline.

Background: Caregivers of persons with cognitive decline (PWCD) are at increased risk of poor sleep quantity and quality. It is unclear whether this is due to factors in the caregiver versus in the PWCD.

Methods: This secondary data analysis using Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study data from the Health Retirement Study examined factors contributing to reduced sleep/rest among spouses and caregivers of older adults with varying levels of cognitive decline (cognitively normal (CN), cognitive impairment but not dementia (CIND), or dementia).