Spatially Resolved Molecular Characterization of Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasms with Papillary-like Nuclear Features (NIFTPs) Identifies a Distinct Proteomic Signature Associated with RAS-Mutant Lesions.

Follicular-patterned thyroid neoplasms comprise a diverse group of lesions that pose significant challenges in terms of differential diagnosis based solely on morphologic and genetic features. Thus, the identification of easily testable biomarkers complementing microscopic and genetic analyses is a highly anticipated advancement that could improve diagnostic accuracy, particularly for noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTPs). These tumors exhibit considerable morphological and molecular heterogeneity, which may complicate their distinction from structurally similar neoplasms, especially when genetic analyses reveal shared genomic alterations (e.

Single large hepatocellular carcinoma > 5 cm with surgical indication: is it mandatory a major hepatectomy? a propensity-score weighted analysis.

Purpose: Single large hepatocellular carcinoma >5cm (SLHCC) traditionally requires a major liver resection. Minor resections are often performed with the goal to reduce morbidity and mortality. Aim of the study was to establish if a major resection should be considered the best treatment for SLHCC or a more limited resection should be preferred.

Anterior approach with or without liver hanging maneuver versus conventional approach in major liver resections. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: The anterior approach (AA), whether or not associated with the liver hanging maneuver (LHM), has been advocated to improve survival and postoperative outcomes in HCC patients undergoing major liver resection. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aims to explore intra/perioperative and long-term survival outcomes of AA ± LHM compared to CA regardless of tumor histology.

Methods: The study was conducted according to the Cochrane recommendations searching the PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases until January 27, 2024 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42024507060).

Dynamic surgical anatomy using 3D reconstruction technology in complex hepato-biliary surgery with vascular involvement. Results from an international multicentric survey.

Introduction: Three-dimensional liver modeling can lead to substantial changes in choosing the type and extension of liver resection. This study aimed to explore whether 3D reconstruction helps to better understand the relationship between liver tumors and neighboring vascular structures compared to standard 2D CT scan images.

Methods: Contrast-enhanced CT scan images of 11 patients suffering from primary and secondary hepatic tumors were selected.

Non-anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: the SegSubTe classification to overcome the problem of heterogeneity.

Background: The superiority of anatomical resection (AR) vs. non-anatomical resection (NAR) in the surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is debated. ARs are well-defined procedures, whereas the lack of NAR standardization results in heterogeneous outcomes.

Spatially Resolved Molecular Approaches for the Characterisation of Non-Invasive Follicular Tumours with Papillary-like Features (NIFTPs).

Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) are low-risk thyroid lesions most often characterised by RAS-type mutations. The histological diagnosis may be challenging, and even immunohistochemistry and molecular approaches have not yet provided conclusive solutions. This study characterises a set of NIFTPs by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation (MALDI)-Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) to highlight the proteomic signatures capable of overcoming histological challenges.

Association of indirect measurement of cell function by bioimpedance analysis with complications in oncologic hepatic surgery.

Background: Bioelectric impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is a reliable tool to assess body composition. The aim was to study the association of BIVA-derived phase angle (PA) and standardized PA (SPA) values and the occurrence of surgery-related morbidity.

Methods: Patients undergoing hepatectomy for cancer in two Italian centers were prospectively enrolled.

COVID-19 and Liver Surgery: How the Pandemic Affected an Italian Medium-Volume HBP Center.

Introduction: While the COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, it is even more evident that victims of the pandemic are not only those who contract the virus, but also the countless patients suffering from other serious diseases (i.e., tumor) who have undergone delayed potentially life-saving surgery due to a lack of beds.

Cytomolecular Classification of Thyroid Nodules Using Fine-Needle Washes Aspiration Biopsies.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNA) represent the gold standard to exclude the malignant nature of thyroid nodules. After cytomorphology, 20-30% of cases are deemed "indeterminate for malignancy" and undergo surgery. However, after thyroidectomy, 70-80% of these nodules are benign.

Lights on HBME-1: the elusive biomarker in thyroid cancer pathology.

Among the different ancillary immunohistochemical tools that pathologists may employ in thyroid nodules, the so-called Hector Battifora's 'MEsothelioma' 1 (HBME-1) staining is one of the most fascinating, since its real identity is currently unknown. In the present review, the different clinical applications of HBME-1 are analysed, with main emphasis on its role in thyroid pathology with overview on less impactful fields, such as haematopathology or mesothelial lesions. Different acceptable or good diagnostic performances were recorded for HBME-1 in thyroid pathology, being used in routine practice as one of the best tools to screen thyroid malignancy both in terms of sensitivity and specificity.

Left Anterior Sectorectomy: An Alternative to Left Hepatectomy for Tumors Invading the Distal Part of the Left Portal Vein.

Background: Liver tumors invading the distal part of the umbilical portion of the left portal vein usually require left hepatectomy. The recent introduction of the concept of left anterior sector, an independent anatomo-functional unit including the anterior portion of the left liver and supplied by the distal part of the umbilical portion of the left portal vein, could represent the rational for an alternative surgical approach. The aim of this study was to introduce the novel surgical procedure of ultrasound-guided left anterior sectorectomy.

Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms and Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Surgical Cases and a Case Report of a Fully Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy.

Background: Mucinous cystic neoplasms and solid pseudopapillary neoplasms are the most common pancreatic tumors occurring in women of fertile age and in pregnant women. The aim of this study is to provide an updated literature review on this association and to present a fully laparoscopic resection of a pregnancy-associated pancreatic cystic neoplasm.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Ovid, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar for searching.

Rethinking the Barcelona clinic liver cancer guidelines: Intermediate stage and Child-Pugh B patients are suitable for surgery?

According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer recommendations, intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinomas (stage B) are excluded from liver resection and are referred to palliative treatment. Moreover, Child-Pugh B patients are not usually candidates for liver resection. However, many hepatobiliary centers in the world manage patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma or Child-Pugh B cirrhosis with liver resection, maintaining that hepatic resection is not contraindicated in selected patients with non-early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and without normal liver function.

The uncharted severity of complications after appendectomy for acute appendicitis in children: results from 348 consecutive patients.

Appendectomy is the most frequently performed emergent procedure in paediatric patients. However, there is a wide heterogeneity in outcome definitions and, conversely, a lack of information about complications' severity. This study aims to analyse the outcome of children operated for acute appendicitis, with reference to complications' severity grading.

Is there a role for treatment-oriented surgery in liver metastases from gastric cancer?

Background: Distant metastases are found in approximately 35% of patients with gastric cancer at their first clinical observation, and of these, 4%-14% involves the liver. Unfortunately, only 0.4%-2.

Analysis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis on fine needle aspiration samples by MALDI-Imaging.

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI)-Mass Spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been applied in various diseases aimed to biomarkers discovery. In this study diagnosis and prognosis of Hashimoto Thyroiditis (HT) in cytopathology by MALDI-MSI has been investigated. Specimens from a routine series of subjects who underwent UltraSound-guided thyroid Fine Needle Aspirations (FNAs) were used.

Creation of a rectal cancer registry in Italy by the Advanced International Mini-Invasive Surgery (AIMS) academy clinical research network.

The management of rectal cancer is multimodal and involves a multidisciplinary team of cancer specialists with expertise in medical oncology, surgical oncology, radiation oncology and radiology. It is crucial for highly specialized centers to collaborate via networks that aim to maintain uniformity in every aspect of treatment and rigorously gather patients' data, from the first clinical evaluation to the last follow-up visit. The Advanced International Mini-Invasive Surgery (AIMS) academy clinical research network aims to create a rectal cancer registry.

MALDI-MSI as a Complementary Diagnostic Tool in Cytopathology: A Pilot Study for the Characterization of Thyroid Nodules.

The present study applies for the first time as Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) on real thyroid Fine Needle Aspirations (FNAs) to test its possible complementary role in routine cytology in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. The primary aim is to evaluate the potential employment of MALDI-MSI in cytopathology, using challenging samples such as needle washes. Firstly, we designed a statistical model based on the analysis of Regions of Interest (ROIs), according to the morphological triage performed by the pathologist.

Clinical-pathological issues in thyroid pathology: study on the routine application of NIFTP diagnostic criteria.

In 2017, the WHO classification of tumours of the endocrine organs established the criteria for a NIFTP diagnosis. The present paper considers some aspects that are still debated or unresolved: the real incidence and clinical meaning of multifocal/multinodular lesions, the biological behaviour of micro-NIFTP, the sprinkling phenomenon and the corresponding modifications to the FNA reporting systems based on changes to the ROM. Moreover, the paper suggests possible scenarios for the clinical-pathological management of this entity.