[Cannabis and nicotine in German music videos].

Background: Smoking of tobacco and cannabis is widespread in Germany. Preventing children and adolescents from starting to use these products is an important goal of prevention. The aim of the present study was to examine how often depiction or mention of cannabis and nicotine use occurs in German-language music videos, which can be seen as advertising for smoking.

Mobile App Intervention to Reduce Substance Use, Gambling, and Digital Media Use in Vocational School Students: Exploratory Analysis of the Intervention Arm of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: During adolescence, substance use and digital media exposure usually peak and can become major health risks. Prevention activities are mainly implemented in the regular school setting, and youth outside this system are not reached. A mobile app ("Meine Zeit ohne") has been developed specifically for vocational students and encourages participants to voluntarily reduce or abstain from a self-chosen addictive behavior including the use of a substance, gambling, or a media-related habit such as gaming or social media use for 2 weeks.

Long-term effects of a lifestyle modification program for men with obesity delivered in German football clubs.

This study examined the long-term effects of a lifestyle modification program delivered at German Bundesliga football clubs. Weekly 90-minute group sessions over 12 weeks combined health education and physical activity and were delivered by coaches affiliated with the football clubs. A total of 371 men (mean age 49.

[Substance use and the usage of social media, computer games, and gambling among apprentices at vocational schools].

Background: The aim of the current study was to assess the prevalence of the (problematic) consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis as well as the (problematic) use of social media, e‑products, computer games, and gambling among apprentices.

Method: Cross-sectional survey of 4591 apprentices at 17 vocational schools from Bavaria, Schleswig-Holstein, and Hamburg. Data was collected using questionnaires between March 2021 and April 2022.

[Smoking in Netflix feature films and youth protection].

Background: With the aim of protecting minors, the World Health Organization has recommended classifying films with smoking scenes as unsuitable for children and adolescents. In recent years, films have increasingly been viewed via video streaming services - a trend which has been intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic - which poses new challenges for the protection of minors.

Aim: To examine the frequency of smoking scenes in Netflix feature films and the age recommendations for Netflix productions with smoking scenes.

Effectiveness of the holistic primary school-based intervention MindMatters: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: The prevalence of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence has increased significantly, not least due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany and other countries worldwide. Although holistic school interventions to promote mental health and prevent mental health problems are considered promising, there is currently uncertainty about their effectiveness due to evaluation studies with heterogeneous methodological quality. This paper presents the study protocol for the evaluation of the primary school module of MindMatters.

Smoking in Popular Streaming Shows and Youth Protection in Germany.

Aim was to investigate the amount of smoking in popular streaming series in Germany with a focus on the comparison between series recommended for adults versus youth. The sample was drawn from the 35 highest user-rated streaming series, that released 1794 new episodes between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2020. One-third of the episodes (N = 598) were randomly selected and analyzed for smoking content.

[Smoking in Netflix feature films and youth protection].

Background: With the aim of protecting minors, the World Health Organization has recommended classifying films with smoking scenes as unsuitable for children and adolescents. In recent years, films have increasingly been viewed via video streaming services - a trend which has been intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic - which poses new challenges for the protection of minors.

Aim: To examine the frequency of smoking scenes in Netflix feature films and the age recommendations for Netflix productions with smoking scenes.

Effects of an App-Based Intervention Program to Reduce Substance Use, Gambling, and Digital Media Use in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Multicenter, Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Vocational Schools in Germany.

Vocational students are a risk group for problematic substance use and addictive behaviors. The study aim was to evaluate the effects of an app-based intervention on tobacco, e-cigarettes, alcohol, and cannabis use as well as gambling and digital media-related behaviors in the vocational school setting. A total of 277 classes with 4591 students (mean age 19.

Football fans' emotional attachment to their clubs as a predictor of weight loss in a prevention programme for men with obesity.

Data about which factors in lifestyle interventions facilitate weight loss (WL) success in men is still scarce. The Football Fans in Training (FFIT) programme in Germany attracts men with overweight and facilitates meaningful weight reduction. The goal of this study was to evaluate the possible impact of the fans' emotional attachment to their favourite football clubs on achieving at least 5% WL among the male-only participants.

Effectiveness of an app-based intervention to reduce substance use, gambling, and digital media use in vocational school students: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Substance-related and addictive disorders are among the most common mental disorders in adolescence and young adulthood. Vocational school students are a risk group for problematic substance use and addictive behavior. However, the availability of evidence-based prevention concepts and programs is underdeveloped in the vocational school setting.

Depressive Symptoms, Alcohol Beliefs and Heavy Episodic Drinking in Adolescents.

Adolescents who engage in heavy episodic drinking (HED-i.e., 5+ drinks on a single occasion) increase risks for psychopathology, alcohol dependence, and similar negative consequences in adulthood.

[Smoking in Movies: Implementation Status of the World Health Organization Recommendations on the Protection of Minors].

Background:  To reduce the exposure of young people to smoking scenes in films, the World Health Organization has recommended classifying films with smoking scenes as unsuitable for children and adolescents.

Aim:  To examine the question whether this recommendation is being implemented in Germany and the USA by comparing the ratings for films with and without smoking scenes in both countries.

Method:  The selection criterion for the films was the box office result in German theaters in 2019.

Waterpipe smoking and subsequent cigarette and e-cigarette use: a cohort study.

Aim: We tested the hypothesis that waterpipe smoking increases the likelihood to try conventional and electronic cigarettes.

Methods: In 2017 and 2018, 2752 German adolescents (mean age: 14.9 years), who had never tried conventional cigarettes or e-cigarettes, took part in a longitudinal survey with a 6-month observational period.

Use of Electronic Cigarettes as a Predictor of Cannabis Experimentation: A Longitudinal Study Among German Youth.

Introduction: Experimentation with e-cigarettes is rising among youth, and there are concerns that e-cigarettes could be a new risk factor for initiating substance use. This study aimed to investigate whether e-cigarette use longitudinally predicts experimentation with cannabis.

Aims And Methods: During 2017-2019, a prospective cohort study with an observation period of 18 months was conducted with 3040 students from Germany who had never used cannabis (mean age = 14.

[Alcohol use before the age of 14: marker variable or independent risk factor?].

Background: Even if the legal age for alcoholic beverages in Germany is 16 or 18, the majority of young people have tried alcohol before this age. Parents are a frequent source of supply, especially for small amounts of alcohol ("sipping").

Aim Of The Work: To investigate whether trying small amounts of alcohol is an independent predictor for binge drinking initiation.

Effects of alcohol warning labels on alcohol-related cognitions among German adolescents: A factorial experiment.

There is evidence that alcohol warning labels (AWL) can have preventive effects on alcohol-related cognitions and behavior, but it is less clear how children and adolescents react to AWL. A total of 9260 German students aged 10-17 participated in a three-factorial experiment, embedded in a health survey. The first experimental factor was the position of the AWL on the questionnaire (before vs.

Association between bullying victimization and e-cigarette use among German students.

This study examined the association between bullying victimization and e-cigarette use. Data from a 2019-2020 German student survey were used (N = 16,476). The target population consisted of students enrolled in grades 5-10, with a mean age of 13.

[Smoke-free Germany 2040: a discussion paper].

Introduction: A "smoke-free" society is assumed if less than 5 % of a population smoke. We predict when this goal could be reached in Germany. To reduce the proportion of smokers in the population, the World Health Organization recommends a bundle of measures (MPOWER) that should minimize both the supply of and the demand for tobacco.

[Predictors and Effects of Cannabis-Related Legal Investigations].

Background And Objective: In 2018, 218,660 cases of cannabis-related legal investigations were registered by the German police. In the present study, predictors and effects of cannabis-related legal investigations are investigated.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study with 10,432 subjects between 15 and 46 years of age (M=22.

[Risk factors for risky cannabis use : A retrospective cohort study of 7671 cannabis users].

Background: Cannabis use is widespread in Germany. So far little is known about which factors are predictive for the development of risky cannabis use.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted.

Association of energy drink consumption with substance-use initiation among adolescents: A 12-month longitudinal study.

Background: Aggressive marketing has resulted in exponential growth of energy drink sales in recent years. Despite growing concerns about the negative health effects of energy drinks, they are increasingly popular among young people. Little is known about temporal associations between energy drink consumption and other drug use, though some researchers have suggested that energy drink consumption reflects an entry into a drug-using lifestyle.

Electronic cigarette advertising and teen smoking initiation.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between recall of exposure to e-cigarette advertisements and initial use of e-cigarettes, conventional cigarettes and hookahs one year later among German adolescents.

Methods: Longitudinal school-based survey with a sample of 4,529 German adolescents (mean age = 12.5 years, SD = 1.