The effect of proactive reactive treatment of hypotension on postoperative disability and outcome in surgical patients under anaesthesia (PRETREAT): clinical trial protocol and considerations.

Background: Intraoperative hypotension has been extensively studied for its association with adverse outcomes. However, small sample sizes and methodological issues limit the causal inference that can be drawn.

Methods: In this multicentre, adaptive, randomised controlled trial, we will include 5000 adult inpatients scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery under general or central neuraxial anaesthesia.

Selecting and evaluating decision-making strategies in the intensive care unit: A systematic review.

Purpose: Many patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) die after a decision to withhold or withdraw treatment. To ensure that for each patient the appropriate decision is taken, a careful decision-making process is required. This review identifies strategies that can be used to optimize the decision-making process for continuing versus limiting life sustaining treatment of ICU patients.