Metabolic disorders exacerbate the formation of glial scar after stroke.

Metabolic disorders are risk factors for stroke exacerbating subsequent complications. Rapidly after brain injury, a glial scar forms, preventing excessive inflammation and limiting axonal regeneration. Despite the growing interest in wound healing following brain injury, the formation of a glial scar in the context of metabolic disorders is poorly documented.

Fermented Pineapple Juice Consumption Limits Metabolic Disorders Associated to Sugary Drinks on High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.

Scope: Lactic acid fermentation (LAF) modulates the composition of food, leading to changes in safety, sensory, and nutritional properties. The effects of lactic fermented pineapple juice (FJ) supplementation on energetic metabolism of high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice are compared with either water (control), sweetened water (SW), bacteria in SW, and pineapple juice (J) supplementation.

Methods And Results: Drink consumption and body weight are measured during the 6 weeks of experiment, whereas glycemia and lipid content are determined at the beginning and at the end of the experiment.

Aqueous Extract of , Rich in Gallic Acid, Prevents Obesity and Associated Deleterious Effects in Zebrafish.

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, and its prevalence tripled worldwide between 1975 and 2016, especially in Reunion Island, a French overseas region. , an endemic medicinal plant from Reunion Island registered in the French pharmacopeia, has recently gained interest in combating metabolic disorders because of its traditional lipid-lowering and "anti-diabetic" use. However, scientific data are lacking regarding its toxicity and its real benefits on metabolic diseases.

Antioxidant Polyphenols of Medicinal Plant and Caffeic Acid Reduce Cerebrovascular, Inflammatory and Metabolic Disorders Aggravated by High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in a Mouse Model of Stroke.

Metabolic disorders related to obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with aggravated cerebrovascular damages during stroke. In particular, hyperglycemia alters redox and inflammatory status, leading to cerebral endothelial cell dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and brain homeostasis loss. Polyphenols constitute the most abundant dietary antioxidants and exert anti-inflammatory effects that may improve cerebrovascular complications in stroke.

Lam. Medicinal Plant: Potential Toxicity and Therapeutic Effects Based on a Zebrafish Model.

Lam. () is a traditional medicinal plant from Reunion Island used for its pleiotropic effects mainly related to its antioxidant activity. The present work aimed to 1) determine the potential toxicity of the plant aqueous extract and 2) investigate its putative biological properties using several zebrafish models of oxidative stress, regeneration, estrogenicity, neurogenesis and metabolic disorders.

Deleterious Effects of Overfeeding on Brain Homeostasis and Plasticity in Adult Zebrafish.

Overweight and obesity are worldwide epidemic health threats. They recently emerged as disruptors of brain homeostasis leading to a wide variety of neurologic disorders. This study aims at developing a fast and easy overfeeding model using zebrafish for investigating the impact of overweight on brain homeostasis.

Caffeic Acid, One of the Major Phenolic Acids of the Medicinal Plant , Reduces Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis.

The renal fibrotic process is characterized by a chronic inflammatory state and oxidative stress. () is a French medicinal plant found in Reunion Island and known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities mostly related to its high polyphenols content. We investigated whether oral administration of polyphenol-rich extract from could exert in vivo a curative anti-renal fibrosis effect.

Phenolic Profile of Herbal Infusion and Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Leaves of the Medicinal Plant Antirhea borbonica: Toxicity Assay Determination in Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae.

() is an endemic plant from the Mascarene archipelago in the Indian Ocean commonly used in traditional medicine for its health benefits. This study aims (1) at exploring polyphenols profiles from two types of extracts-aqueous (herbal infusion) and acetonic (polyphenol rich) extracts from leaves-and (2) at evaluating their potential toxicity in vivo for the first time. We first demonstrated that, whatever type of extraction is used, both extracts displayed significant antioxidant properties and acid phenolic and flavonoid contents.

Impaired brain homeostasis and neurogenesis in diet-induced overweight zebrafish: a preventive role from A. borbonica extract.

Overweight and obesity are worldwide health concerns leading to many physiological disorders. Recent data highlighted their deleterious effects on brain homeostasis and plasticity, but the mechanisms underlying such disruptions are still not well understood. In this study, we developed and characterized a fast and reliable diet-induced overweight (DIO) model in zebrafish, for (1) studying the effects of overfeeding on brain homeostasis and for (2) testing different preventive and/or therapeutic strategies.

Pathogenic Leptospira and their animal reservoirs: testing host specificity through experimental infection.

Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic Leptospira transmitted through contact with contaminated environments. Most mammalian species are infectable by Leptospira but only few act as efficient reservoir being capable of establishing long term kidney colonization and shedding Leptospira in urine. In Madagascar, a large diversity of pathogenic Leptospira display a tight specificity towards their endemic volant or terrestrial mammalian hosts.

Reconstituted High-density Lipoprotein Therapy Improves Survival in Mouse Models of Sepsis.

Background: High-density lipoproteins exert pleiotropic effects including antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic, and lipopolysaccharide-neutralizing properties. The authors assessed the effects of reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (CSL-111) intravenous injection in different models of sepsis.

Methods: Ten-week-old C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture or intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha-null mice have increased white adipose tissue glucose utilization, GLUT4, and fat mass: Role in liver and brain.

Activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha increases lipid catabolism and lowers the concentration of circulating lipid, but its role in the control of glucose metabolism is not as clearly established. Here we compared PPARalpha knockout mice with wild type and confirmed that the former developed hypoglycemia during fasting. This was associated with only a slight increase in insulin sensitivity but a dramatic increase in whole-body and adipose tissue glucose use rates in the fasting state.