A quantification of gastric and duodenal fluid volumes in older adults using MRI.

Older adults are an inherently heterogeneous population with various underlying pathologies, medication use, and habits. In this study, the variability of this population was studied for the gastric and duodenal fluid volumes, as the amount of gastrointestinal volumes could play an essential role in the dissolution of drugs. The fluid volumes were retrospectively quantified by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Correction: Van der Veken et al. Gastrointestinal Fluid Volumes in Pediatrics: A Retrospective MRI Study. 2022, , 1935.

In the original publication [...

Investigating Tacrolimus Disposition in Paediatric Patients with a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model Incorporating CYP3A4 Ontogeny, Mechanistic Absorption and Red Blood Cell Binding.

Tacrolimus is a crucial immunosuppressant for organ transplant patients, requiring therapeutic drug monitoring due to its variable exposure after oral intake. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling has provided insights into tacrolimus disposition in adults but has limited application in paediatrics. This study investigated age dependency in tacrolimus exposure at the levels of absorption, metabolism, and distribution.

Gastrointestinal Fluid Volumes in Pediatrics: A Retrospective MRI Study.

The volume and distribution of fluids available in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract may substantially affect oral drug absorption. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used in the past to quantify these fluid volumes in adults and its use is now being extended to the pediatric population. The present research pursued a retrospective, explorative analysis of existing clinical MRI data generated for pediatric patients.

Practical and operational considerations related to paediatric oral drug formulation: An industry survey.

For over 15 years, US and EU regulations ensure that medicines developed for children are explicitly authorised for such use with age-appropriate forms and formulations, implying dedicated research. To shed light on how these regulations have been adopted by pharmaceutical companies and how various aspects of paediatric oral drug formulation development are currently handled, an exploratory survey was conducted. Topics included: general company policy, regulatory aspects, dosage form selection, in-vitro, in-silico and (non-)clinical in-vivo methods, and food effects assessment.

Exploration of the problems and solutions related to reference introduction prior to calibration of thermal desorber-gas chromatography.

Reference introduction in thermal desorption with gas chromatography is a critical aspect. It is mostly performed by offline liquid calibration using a micro syringe to inject a liquid standard solution on the sorbent in the thermal desorption tube. This is based on the assumptions that the adsorption-desorption process is quantitative and that no sample is lost in manipulating the tube.