High interobserver variability of PTEN immunohistochemistry defining PTEN status in low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer: results of the first German ring trial.

The prognostication of individual disease trajectory and selection of optimal therapy in patients with localized, low-grade prostate cancer often presents significant difficulty. The phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN) has emerged as a potential novel biomarker in this clinical context, based on its demonstrated prognostic significance in multiple retrospective studies. Incorporation into standard clinical practice necessitates exceptional diagnostic accuracy, and PTEN's binary readout-retention or loss-suggests its suitability as a biomarker.

Therapeutic and Diagnostic Potential of Folic Acid Receptors and Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Transamidase in Prostate Cancer.

Due to the proliferation-induced high demand of cancer cells for folic acid (FA), significant overexpression of folate receptors 1 (FR1) is detected in most cancers. To our knowledge, a detailed characterization of FR1 expression and regulation regarding therapeutic and diagnostic feasibilities in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been described. In the present study, cell cultures, as well as tissue sections, were analyzed using Western blot, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence.

[Urinary retention and postrenal kidney injury].

In men aged 40-83 years, the overall incidence of urinary retention is 4.5-6.8 cases per 1000 men per year.

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Renal Analysis: Automated Detection of Hydronephrosis and Precise Kidney Segmentation.

Background And Objective: Hydronephrosis is essential in the diagnosis of renal colic. We automated the detection of hydronephrosis from ultrasound images to standardize the therapy and reduce the misdiagnosis of renal colic.

Methods: Anonymously collected ultrasound images of human kidneys, both normal and hydronephrotic, were preprocessed for neural networks.

Do or Don't: Results of a Multinational Survey on Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Urodynamics.

Antibiotic prophylaxis contributes substantially to the increase in antibiotic resistance rates worldwide. This investigation aims to assess the current standard of practice in using antibiotic prophylaxis for urodynamics (UDS) and identify barriers to guideline adherence. An online survey using a 22-item questionnaire designed according to the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES) was circulated among urologists and gynecologists in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland between September 2021 and March 2022.

SCARA5 Is Overexpressed in Prostate Cancer and Linked to Poor Prognosis.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, showing a wide range of clinical behaviors. Therefore, several treatment options arise out of the diagnosis "prostate cancer". For this reason, it is desirable to find novel prognostic and predictive markers.

[Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract].

Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (upper tract urothelial carcinoma, UTUC) is less common than bladder carcinoma with nearly identical risk factors and has a poorer prognosis. The standard diagnostic procedure is imaging of the upper urinary tract by computed tomography urography. In cases of diagnostic uncertainty, a diagnostic ureterorenoscopy with biopsy sampling can be performed in addition to urine cytology.

[Artificial intelligence in urology-opportunities and possibilities].

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in urology can contribute to a significant improvement with regard to individualization of diagnostics and therapy as well as healthcare cost reduction. The potential applications and advantages of AI in medicine are often underestimated or incompletely understood. This makes it difficult to conceptually solve relevant medical problems using AI.

THSD7A Positivity Is Associated with High Expression of FAK in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and there are a wide range of treatment options after diagnosis. Most prostate cancers behave in an indolent manner. However, a given sub-group has been shown to exhibit aggressive behavior; therefore, it is desirable to find novel prognostic and predictive (molecular) markers.

The Role of PSMA PET Imaging in Prostate Cancer Theranostics: A Nationwide Survey.

Introduction: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based imaging and theranostics have played an important role in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to evaluate the acceptance and use of PSMA theranostics among German urologists.

Methods: An anonymous online questionnaire was sent via survio.

[Prostate and breast cancer: similarities and differences].

Prostate and breast carcinomas are amongst the most common new diseases in men and women, with steadily rising incidences. In addition to the significant health consequences, both diseases also lead to a significantly reduced quality of life due to their influence on sexual function. The aim of this work is to identify scientific approaches and research priorities that in the future might lead to synergies in both disciplines by specifically considering the similarities and differences between the two diseases.

Molecular Characterization of Cancer Associated Fibroblasts in Prostate Cancer.

Background: Stromal components surrounding epithelial cancer cells seem to play a pivotal role during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor invasion, and metastases. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor-stroma interactions may yield novel therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.

Methods: Gene expression profile of prostate-cancer associated fibroblast (PCAF) and prostate non-cancer associated fibroblast (PNAF) cells isolated from radical prostatectomy was performed by Illumina, analyzed, and further processed by Ingenuity: IPA software.

[Urosepsis-targeted diagnostics and effective therapy].

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are characterized by a broad clinical presentation ranging from uncomplicated cystitis to septic shock. 9-31% of all septicemias have a urogenital focus and are referred to as urosepsis. Urosepsis often occurs in the context of health system-associated infections.

[Influence of local treatment on the biology of advanced prostate cancer : Treatment of the primary tumor may delay hormone resistance of metastases].

Background: In metastatic prostate cancer, a trend towards longer survival has been observed over the last 15 years. Beyond progress due to new drugs, retrospective data also suggest a positive influence of a prior treatment of the primary tumor.

Objectives: Can treatment of the primary tumor improve the prognosis of patients later developing metastases, and if yes, what are the underlying mechanisms.

Primary Tumor Resection Decelerates Disease Progression in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Radical prostatectomy in oligometastatic prostate cancer is a matter of intense debate. Besides avoiding local complications, it is hypothesized that primary tumor resection may result in better oncological outcomes. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of primary tumor resection on disease progression in an orthotopic prostate cancer mouse model.

[Robot-assisted surgery as an elective-fascinating lesson(s)?].

Background: Even though robot-assisted operations have evolved to a standard procedure in surgery, they are underrepresented in the curriculum of current medical students.

Objectives: We present our experience and findings in Germany's first elective "Robot-assisted surgery" at a urological department for undergraduate medical students.

Materials And Methods: Ten undergraduates in their final years were taught the theoretical basics and practical skills in robot-assisted surgery within six lessons each lasting 2 h, including the opportunity to observe a live robot-assisted surgery.

[Deferred prostatectomy after active surveillance-results from a single center].

Background: Follow-up during Active Surveillance (AS) may result in psychological burden and discomfort due to the constant clinical monitoring. Therefore, successful implementation of AS is to some extent a challenge for the patient and the caregiver.

Materials And Methods: In this monocentric study, we analyzed the reasons for termination of AS and the rate of the postoperative adverse pathology (AP) in patients who underwent deferred radical prostatectomy (RP) after AS.

[Molecular diagnostics of bladder cancer-practical ramifications].

In the future, precision medicine with agents targeting specific genetic alterations will play an important role in bladder cancer. This includes both single genetic alterations (e.g.