Home-based high tone therapy may alleviate chemotherapy-induced neuropathic symptoms in patients with colorectal cancer: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot evaluation.

Background: Most oncologic patients receiving chemotherapy suffer from neuropathy, which not only severely affects quality of life but also may lead to chemotherapy dose reductions or even discontinuation of cancer therapy. Still, it is difficult to sufficiently control these symptoms with the currently available pharmacological treatments. High tone therapy was reported to be an effective option for neuropathies due to different etiologies.

Self-reported Resistance Training Is Associated With Better HR-pQCT-derived Bone Microarchitecture in Vegan People.

Context: A plant-based lifestyle is a global trend; lower bone mineral density and increased fracture risk in vegan people are reported.

Objective: The primary objective was to assess trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture in vegans and omnivores. Secondary objectives were to evaluate relationships between bone microarchitecture, nutrition parameters, and physical activity.

Wheeze and cough measurements at night in children with respiratory symptoms.

Background: Nocturnal cough and wheeze are important symptoms when diagnosing any respiratory disease in a child, but objective measurements of these symptoms are not performed.

Methods: The aim of our study was to analyze the use of an automated detection system to assess breath sounds objectively in comparison to cough and wheeze questionnaires and to evaluate its feasibility in clinical practice.

Results: Forty-nine recordings of thirty-nine children were processed (asthma n = 13; cystic fibrosis n = 2; pneumonia n = 5; suspicion of habit cough n = 7; prolonged, recurrent or chronic cough n = 13), and cough and asthma scores were compared to the objective nocturnal recordings.

Childhood tuberculosis in Vienna between 2010 and 2016.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has become a rare disease in developed countries. Austria is a low incidence country for TB with an incidence rate of 7.2/100,000 in 2016.

Impact of COPD on Outcome in Patients Undergoing Transfemoral versus Transapical TAVI.

Objective:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on clinical outcomes in patients referred for transfemoral (TF) as well as transapical (TA) aortic valve implantation and furthermore to delineate possible advantages of the TF access.

Methods:  One thousand eight hundred forty-two patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) at two study centers were included in the present analysis. The outcome was measured and classified according to Valve Academic Research Consortium-II criteria.

Increased severity of respiratory syncytial virus airway infection due to passive smoke exposure.

Objective: Aim of this study was to analyze whether children with objectively measured second-hand cigarette smoke (SHS) exposure suffer from a more severe course of disease when hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelminen-Hospital, Vienna, Austria in children aged below 1 year without a history of preceding lung disease and with acute symptoms of LRTI and a positive nasopharyngeal swab for RSV. On admission, urinary cotinine was measured as a marker of recent SHS and clinical severity of LRTI was assessed by oxygen saturation SpO and the "admission clinical severity score" (CSSA).

Neural mechanisms of selective exposure: an EEG study on the processing of decision-consistent and inconsistent information.

Decision makers tend to prefer decision-consistent information and/or neglect decision-inconsistent information (selective exposure). In the present EEG study the neural mechanisms of the classic selective exposure effect were examined by investigating oscillatory brain responses to consistent vs. inconsistent information.