Application of F NMR Spectroscopy for Content Determination of Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals.

A simple, rapid, and selective quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic method was evaluated for the determination of the content of fluorinated pharmaceuticals. F NMR spectra were either obtained in dimethylsulfoxide- or aqueous buffer, using trifluoroacetic acid as internal standard. Quantification of 13 fluorine-containing pharmaceuticals spanning various pharmacological classes was accomplished using the proposed method.

Evaluation of Calligonum azel Maire, a North African desert plant, for its nutritional potential as a sustainable food and feed.

This study is the first to evaluate the potential of Calligonum azel Maire as a food ingredient. The plant materials flowers, leaves, stems and roots were analyzed by wet-chemical and instrumental methods for major and minor composition. The highest protein and sugar contents were recorded in the flowers (17.

Electronic cigarettes: overview of chemical composition and exposure estimation.

Background: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are advertised to tobacco users as a tool to decrease cigarette consumption and to reduce toxic exposure associated with conventional tobacco smoking. Little is known about the compounds contained in such products, their exposure and long-term health effects.

Methods: NMR spectroscopy was used to ascertain the content of several constituents of e-cigarette liquids including nicotine, solvents and some bioactive flavour compounds.

Determination of the purity of pharmaceutical reference materials by 1H NMR using the standardless PULCON methodology.

A fast and reliable nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic method for quantitative determination (qNMR) of targeted molecules in reference materials has been established using the ERETIC2 methodology (electronic reference to access in vivo concentrations) based on the PULCON principle (pulse length based concentration determination). The developed approach was validated for the analysis of pharmaceutical samples in the context of official medicines control, including ibandronic acid, amantadine, ambroxol and lercanidipine. The PULCON recoveries were above 94.

Rapid assessment of the illegal presence of 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA) in sports nutrition and dietary supplements using 1H NMR spectroscopy.

1,3-Dimethylamylamine (DMAA) is a stimulant that can be found in pre-workout sports nutrition and dietary supplements. This practice is illegal because DMAA is not a safe food ingredient but rather an unapproved medicinal compound due to its pharmacological action. In order to determine the DMAA content in such products, a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic method was developed and validated (DMAA was quantified as DMAA-HCl).

What is a food and what is a medicinal product in the European Union? Use of the benchmark dose (BMD) methodology to define a threshold for "pharmacological action".

The decision criterion for the demarcation between foods and medicinal products in the EU is the significant "pharmacological action". Based on six examples of substances with ambivalent status, the benchmark dose (BMD) method is evaluated to provide a threshold for pharmacological action. Using significant dose-response models from literature clinical trial data or epidemiology, the BMD values were 63mg/day for caffeine, 5g/day for alcohol, 6mg/day for lovastatin, 769mg/day for glucosamine sulfate, 151mg/day for Ginkgo biloba extract, and 0.

Standardless 1H NMR determination of pharmacologically active substances in dietary supplements and medicines that have been illegally traded over the internet.

Dietary supplements and medicines are widely marketed over the Internet. Such products may be counterfeited and lack some or all of the labelled ingredients, or, in the case of lifestyle supplements, illegally contain pharmacologically active substances, such as anorectic or androgenic compounds. The market control - especially in the case of customs seizures - is complex, as reference substances necessary for identification and calibration in traditional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis are often unavailable, or extremely expensive.

NMR evaluation of total statin content and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition in red yeast rice (Monascus spp.) food supplements.

Background: Red yeast rice (i.e., rice fermented with Monascus spp.