Distribution but not amount of protein intake is associated with frailty: a cross-sectional investigation in the region of Nürnberg.

Background: To preserve muscle mass and therefore limit the risk of disability in older adults protein intake is seen as important factor. Besides the amount of protein, its distribution over the day is thought to affect protein anabolism. This cross-sectional study investigates the association between the amount and distribution of protein intake and frailty in older adults.

Dietary quality is related to frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: The etiology of the geriatric syndrome frailty is multifactorial. Besides hormonal and inflammatory processes, nutritional influences may be of major relevance. In this cross-sectional study, the association between dietary quality and frailty was investigated.

Prospective validation of the modified mini nutritional assessment short-forms in the community, nursing home, and rehabilitation setting.

Objectives: To validate the modified Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) short-forms (MNA-SFs) with respect to agreement with full MNA classification in the target populations of the MNA.

Design: Prospective analysis.

Setting: Community, nursing home, rehabilitation.

Frequency of malnutrition in older adults: a multinational perspective using the mini nutritional assessment.

Objectives: To provide pooled data on the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly people as evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).

Design: Retrospective pooled analysis of previously published datasets.

Setting: Hospital, rehabilitation, nursing home, community.

Functionality and mortality in obese nursing home residents: an example of 'risk factor paradox'?

Background: Although the percentage of obese nursing home residents is increasing, few longitudinal studies have reported on functionality and mortality in this subpopulation. The aim of the present study was to explore functionality and mortality in obese nursing home residents during a 1-year follow-up and to compare these results with those of residents within the normal and low BMI range.

Methods: Two hundred residents (147 female, 53 male, mean age 85.

Restrictive diets in the elderly: never say never again?

Restrictive diets have long been an essential part of standard nutritional therapy for a wide range of diseases like obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, arterial hypertension and chronic renal failure. Although a relevant number of studies have been published in this field, most of these have concentrated on adults below age 65. Data on the effects of restrictive diets in older persons are still scarce.

Evaluation of nutritional status in older persons: nutritional screening and assessment.

Purpose Of Review: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in the older population. It is associated with declining functionality and relevant health deficits. This review presents the principles of successful nutritional screening and assessment in older persons.

The Mini Nutritional Assessment--its history, today's practice, and future perspectives.

In the early 1990s, the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA; Nestle Nutrition, Vevey, Switzerland) was developed for nutrition screening in the elderly. Since then, it became the most established and widespread screening tool for older persons and has been translated into many different languages. The MNA shows prognostic relevance with regard to functionality, morbidity, and mortality of the elderly in different settings.

Close apposition of dynorphin-positive nerve fibres to lymphocytes in the liver suggests opioidergic neuroimmunomodulation.

The liver is innervated by sympathetic efferent, spinal afferent, vagal afferent and probably also vagal efferent fibres. To assess potential functional roles of the various neuronal subsets, data on transmitter systems are of crucial importance. This study was aimed at elucidating a possible opioidergic system in the mouse and rat liver.