Suppression of osteoblast-related genes during osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue derived stromal cells.

Recent studies indicated a lower osteogenic differentiation potential of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) compared to bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of potent combinations of highly osteogenic bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in order to enhance the osteogenic differentiation potential of ASCs. Human ASCs were cultured for 10 days in the presence of osteogenic medium consisting of dexamethasone, ß-glycerophosphate and ascorbat-2-phosphate (OM) supplemented with BMP-2, BMP-6, BMP-9+IGF-2 and BMP-2,-6,-9 (day 1+2: 50 ng/ml, days 3-6: 100 ng/ml, days 7-10: 200 ng/ml).

In Vitro Assessment of Primary Stability of BoneTrust Sinus Implant Design.

The aim of this study was to analyze the primary stability of BoneTrust Sinus implants (BTSIs), which are intended to enable higher primary stability by their special design with reduced thread section in cases of reduced vertical bone availability, in comparison with standard BoneTrust implants (SBTIs) in vitro. A bone window 3 cm in length, 4 cm in width, and 3 cm in depth, resembling the maxillary bone window of the lateral sinus wall with 4 mm of residual bone height, was prepared at the dorsal side of freshly slaughtered bovine ribs. One single BTSI and a single SBTI with the same diameter (4 or 5 mm) were placed in each window.

Collection of Wound Exudate From Human Digit Tip Amputations Does Not Impair Regenerative Healing: A Randomized Trial.

The regrowth of amputated digit tips represents a unique regenerative healing in mammals with subcutaneous volume regrowth, restoration of dactylogram, and suppression of scar formation. Although factor analysis in amphibians and even in mice is easy to obtain, safety of harvesting biomaterial from human digit tip amputations for analysis has not yet been described.The aim of this study was to evaluate if recovering wound exudate does hamper clinical outcome or influence microbiologic or inflammation status.

Improved adipogenic in vitro differentiation: comparison of different adipogenic cell culture media on human fat and bone stroma cells for fat tissue engineering.

To date there is no sufficient in vitro fat tissue engineering and a protocol has not been well established for this purpose. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitro influence of two different adipogenic growth media for their stimulation potential on different cell lineages to clearly define the most potent adipogenic growth media for future in vitro tissue engineering approaches. The samples for differentiation were composed of human adipogenic-derived stroma cells (hADSCs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stroma cells (hMSCs).

Distraction histogenesis of the maxillofacial region.

The changes in the surrounding soft tissues during long bone distraction in orthopedic surgery have been the subject of several reports, studies on changes in the craniofacial region, in which various tissues, including the skin, muscle, tendon, blood vessel, and gingiva are rare. Therefore, there is a need for studies on the soft tissue aspects of bone lengthening of the craniofacial region. The aim of this review was to address this issue by reviewing the literature about the distraction histogenesis of various tissues, including skin, muscle, blood vessel, nerve, and gingiva.

Isolation, characterization and investigation of differentiation potential of human periodontal ligament cells and dental follicle progenitor cells and their response to BMP-7 in vitro.

The aim of this study was to assess the factors, mechanisms and the differences between periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and denta l follicle (DF) progenitor cells towards the osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation and to investigate the effects of BMP-7 on developmental (DF) and mature tissue-derived (PDL) cells, respectively. Primary cell culture of PDL cells and DF progenitor cells was performed. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using von Kossa, Alizarin Red S and immuno-histo-chemistry staining of osteocalcin.

Optimizing the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells by the synergistic action of growth factors.

A variety of different growth factors, most notably bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), have been shown to stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in vitro. Yet, due to the lack of comparative studies it remains unclear which protocol is the most effective in the induction of osteogenesis in MSC cultures. The aim of this study was to compare the most potent growth factors in regard to their osteoinductive potential.

Assessment of the lateral pterygoid plate fractures during Le Fort I osteotomies regarding the angulation of the osteotome.

AIM. This study aimed to clarify the relation between the angulation of the curved osteotome and fracture of the pterygoid plate during Le Fort I osteotomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS.

Prevention of the surface resorption of bone grafts by topical application of bisphosphonate on different carrier materials.

Objective: The hypothesis of the present study was that topically applied bisphosphonate (BP) on a collagen membrane or alternatively bovine bone mineral prevents surface resorption of onlay bone grafts.

Material And Methods: In eight adult pigs, bone blocks were harvested bilaterally from the mandible and fixed to the lateral cortex of the horizontal ramus to simulate a ridge augmentation. In a split-mouth study design, we used alendronate in aqueous solution (1 mg/ml) on the test-side in three different ways: on a collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®), soaked in bovine bone mineral granules (Bio-Oss®), or applied to the bone graft directly.

Effects of different scaffolds on rat adipose tissue derived stroma cells.

Background: Adipose tissue derived stroma cells (ASC's) offer for many advantages for tissue engineering strategies over mesenchymal stroma cells from other sources and ideal carrier materials have to be identified for them. The aim of this study was to demonstrate and to compare the effects of three clinically established biomaterials on proliferation and metabolic activity of rat ASC's in vitro.

Materials And Methods: Rat adipose tissue derived stroma cells (ASC's) were isolated and differentiated into distinct lineages proved by lineage specific staining and gene expression analysis (RT-PCR).

Comparison of two different absorbable membranes for the coverage of lateral osteotomy sites in maxillary sinus augmentation: a preliminary study.

Introduction: Barrier membranes, both absorbable and non-absorbable, have been used in sinus augmentation for many years. Some years ago, a new autologous blood substrate called Platelet-Rich-Fibrin (PRF) was introduced, and to date, the supporting effect on bone regeneration has been controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PRF on bone regeneration when used as a barrier membrane at the lateral osteotomy site in sinus augmentation.

Effect of deproteinized bovine bone matrix coverage on the resorption of iliac cortico-spongeous bone grafts - a prospective study of two cohorts.

Objectives: The augmentation of the alveolar ridge using iliac cortico-spongeous bone grafts is routinely used. However, bone grafts show a substantial degree of resorption, which may negatively affect the long-term success of dental implants in the augmented area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a deproteinized bovine bone matrix coverage on the resorption of iliac bone grafts.

Effects of zoledronate on irradiated bone in vivo: analysis of the collagen types I, V and their cross-links lysylpyridinoline, hydroxylysylpyridinoline and hydroxyproline.

Radiotherapy can lead to a reduction of bone density with an increased risk of pathological fractures. Bisphosphonates may represent a preventive treatment option by increasing the density of anorganic bone mineral. Yet it is unknown how bisphosphonates act on irradiated collagen cross-links, which play an essential role for the mechanical stability of bone.

Orbital floor reconstruction with resorbable polydioxanone implants.

Many different materials are proposed for reconstruction of traumatic orbital floor defects. Donor-site morbidity of autologous transplants and infections or extrusions of nonresorbable implants lead to a widespread use of resorbable, alloplastic materials such as polydioxanone (PDS). The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of orbital floor fracture-related problems after surgical treatment using PDS.

Aging changes of the midfacial fat compartments: a computed tomographic study.

Background: The restoration of a natural volume distribution is a major goal in facial rejuvenation. The aims of this study were to establish a radiographic method enabling effective measurements of the midfacial fat compartments and to compare the anatomy between human cadavers of younger versus older age.

Methods: Data from computed tomographic scans of 12 nonfixed cadaver heads, divided into two age groups (group 1, 54 to 75 years, n = 6; and group 2, 75 to 104 years, n = 6), were analyzed.

Survival of transplanted rat bone marrow-derived osteogenic stem cells in vivo.

This study was designed to trace bone marrow-derived stromal cells (MSC) after implantation in an ectopic rat model of bone tissue engineering. MSC were isolated from adult donor rats, expanded, seeded on a hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate bone graft substitute (Straumann® BoneCeramic), and cultivated until confluent. Before subcutaneous implantation of seeded constructs and controls (unseeded bone graft substitute) in isogenic rats (n = 32), cells were labeled with the fluorescent dye carboxyfluoresceine-diacetate-succinimidyl-ester.