A new standardized critical size bone defect model in the pig forehead for comparative testing of bone regeneration materials.

Objectives: The preclinical study aimed to establish a standardized preclinical model to investigate osseous graft consolidation in defect configurations of limited regenerative capacity.

Material And Methods: Critical size defects (CSD) were prepared and titanium tubes inserted for defect separation from local bone in the forehead area of 18 pigs. Defects were filled with demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) or served as empty controls and were covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (CM) or left untreated.

Tunable Graphene-GaSe Dual Heterojunction Device.

A field-effect device based on dual graphene-GaSe heterojunctions is demonstrated. Monolayer graphene is used as electrodes on a GaSe channel to form two opposing Schottky diodes controllable by local top gates. The device exhibits strong rectification with tunable threshold voltage.

Probing resistivity and doping concentration of semiconductors at the nanoscale using scanning microwave microscopy.

We present a new method to extract resistivity and doping concentration of semiconductor materials from Scanning Microwave Microscopy (SMM) S11 reflection measurements. Using a three error parameters de-embedding workflow, the S11 raw data are converted into calibrated capacitance and resistance images where no calibration sample is required. The SMM capacitance and resistance values were measured at 18 GHz and ranged from 0 to 100 aF and from 0 to 1 MΩ, respectively.

Geographic differences and time trends of intraoral cancer incidence and mortality in Bavaria, Germany.

Objective: To examine possible geographic differences and time trends of intraoral cancer (IOC) incidence and mortality in Bavaria between 2002 and 2008.

Methods: Incidence data for IOC (ICD-10 codes, C01-C06) were obtained from the population-based cancer registry Bavaria. Age-specific and age-standardised IOC incidence and mortality rates in Bavaria and its regions were calculated separately by sex and year of diagnosis.

Prosthodontic treatment of a patient with bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw using a removable dental prosthesis with a heat-polymerized resilient liner: a clinical report.

Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (BONJ) is reported frequently in patients receiving oral or intravenous bisphosphonates. To minimize potential complications, dental treatment must be performed with care. There are invasive and noninvasive treatment options for patients with active BONJ or a history of this complication.

Validation of histologic changes induced by external irradiation in mandibular bone. An experimental animal model.

The present experimental study sought to determine the effect of high-dose irradiation on the rat mandible in order to establish an experimental model of radiogenic bone damage. The left mandibles of 20 adult Wistar rats were irradiated (single fraction 1500cGy, total dose 60Gy) by means of a hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (hfSRT) over a period of 6 weeks. Follow-up was 6 weeks (group 1, n=10) and 12 weeks (group 2, n=10).

Vertical and sagittal growth in patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate-a retrospective cephalometric evaluation.

Objective: To investigate whether the craniofacial vertical and sagittal jaw relationship in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) differed from that of age-matched noncleft controls, before and after the pubertal growth spurt.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Patients: The study group comprised 126 patients with CLP, subdivided according to gender and cleft type, and the control group comprised 53 age-matched skeletal class I patients.

Blood transfusion in bimaxillary orthognathic operations: need for testing of type and screen.

We prospectively evaluated the incidence of blood transfusion in 105 consecutively treated patients (45 men and 60 women) having bimaxillary orthognathic operations, to find out whether type and screen testing are adequate in clinical practice. All patients had Le Fort I osteotomy combined with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the ramus. The preoperative routine was restricted to type and screen testing and verification of ABO/Rhesus (Rh) status.

Influence of residual alveolar bone height on osseointegration of implants in the maxilla: a pilot study.

Aims/background: For sinus floor augmentation and simultaneous implant placement, a minimum of 5 mm of residual bone height has been recommended empirically. This study was designed to test this assumption in an experimental animal trial.

Material And Methods: In eight mini pigs, three premolars and two molars were removed on one side of the maxilla.

Panoramic radiograph, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Which imaging technique should be preferred in bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw? A prospective clinical study.

It was the aim of the present study to find out which radiological imaging techniques allow assessing the extent of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ) in an adequate way. Twenty-four patients suffering from BONJ were included in the study. Before surgery, each patient was examined with panoramic radiograph, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and non-enhanced computed tomography.

Influence of residual alveolar bone height on implant stability in the maxilla: an experimental animal study.

Aims/background: Empirically, for implant placement associated with sinus floor augmentation, a minimum of five mm of residual crestal bone height has been recommended in order to achieve sufficient initial implant stability. It has been the aim of the study to test this assumption in an experimental animal trial.

Material And Methods: In eight mini pigs, three premolars and two molars were removed on one side of the maxilla.

Interforaminal implant therapy using a split skin graft--treatment outcome after 13 years.

In implant patients who have extended soft tissue deficiencies, split skin grafts have been performed for the prevention of peri-implant inflammation. The aim of this investigation was to assess a patient who received 2 interforaminal implants and a split skin graft 13 years prior. In addition to clinical, mycologic, and radiographic examinations, the condition of the split skin graft was evaluated using histologic analysis of 3 punch biopsies taken from the mucosa, grafted area, and border between both areas.

Which region of the median palate is a suitable location of temporary orthodontic anchorage devices? A histomorphometric study on human cadavers aged 15-20 years.

Introduction: Endosseus implants can provide a reliable anchorage during orthodontic treatment. The midpalatal structures around the sutura palatina mediana (SPM) are of special interest due to increasing placement of orthodontic implants in this area. Knowledge about the osseous conditions at this site is necessary to predict the expected degree of implant osseointegration.

Prognostic impact of blood transfusion in patients undergoing primary surgery and free-flap reconstruction for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of perioperative transfusion on the prognosis of patients who underwent complete (R0) resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and reconstruction by microvascular flaps.

Methods: By following an inclusion and exclusion protocol, 223 patients were included in the study who underwent R0 resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and reconstruction by microvascular flaps at a single center. Clinical and pathologic factors as well as transfusion data were retrieved from a prospective database and analyzed retrospectively.

[Clinical and radiological results after augmentation procedures - a prospective study].

The clinical follow up of atrophic jaws treated with augmentation procedures and dental implants is demonstrated and evaluated over a period of five years. In total 50 patients (24 male and 26 female) from the department of maxillofacial surgery of the Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg who received an augmentation procedure were prospectively evaluated. The mean age was 59.

Patient-centred outcomes comparing transmucosal implant placement with an open approach in the maxilla: a prospective, non-randomized pilot study.

It was the aim of the study to assess differences in patient morbidity between transmucosal implant placement and implant installation after elevation of mucoperiosteal flaps. In five of the patients, implants were placed in the maxilla transmucosally using a CAD/CAM surgical template [test group (TG)]. In the remaining five patients, the implants were installed after the elevation of mucoperiosteal flaps [control group (CG)].

Indications for immediate loading of implants and implant success.

It was the aim of this review to compare the survival and success rates of immediately loaded dental implants with those of conventionally loaded dental implants, based on prospective controlled studies and prospective studies without controls. Studies on immediate loading were identified in the current literature by electronic and hand searches. Only clinical data on root-form or cylindrical threaded oral implants were included.

Is there a need for autogenous blood donation in orthognathic surgery?

Background: The present study sought to determine the frequency of blood transfusion and to evaluate the need for autogenous blood donations in patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.

Methods: According to an inclusion and exclusion protocol, 65 patients were selected for further analysis. Twenty-six patients donated a total of 45 units of autogenous blood; the remaining 39 patients did not.

Restricted-expressed proliferation-associated protein (Repp86) expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

Purpose: To determine the expression of repp86 (restricted-expressed protein of 86 kDa theoretical molecular mass), a proliferation- associated protein expressed in S-, G(2)- and M-phases of the cell cycle, in samples of normal mucosa as well as squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC).

Patients And Methods: The repp86 labeling index (LI) was determined imunohistochemically in ten samples of normal oral mucosa and 59 samples of OSCC. Repp86 LI was correlated with tumor stage, histopathologic grading, and the expression of Ki-67 and topoisomerase IIalpha.

Immediate versus delayed loading of dental implants in the maxillae of minipigs. Part II: histomorphometric analysis.

Purpose: To assess histomorphometric parameters of dental implants placed in partially edentulous maxillae of minipigs.

Materials And Methods: In 9 minipigs, 6 XiVE implants were placed on each side of the maxilla, either after implant site preparation by an osteotome technique or by spiral drills. The implants were restored with fixed provisional restorations and loaded either immediately or after healing periods of up to 5 months.

Immediate versus delayed loading of dental implants in the maxillae of minipigs: follow-up of implant stability and implant failures.

Purpose: To assess the course of the stability and the failure rate of dental implants placed in the partially edentulous maxillae of minipigs.

Materials And Methods: Three months after tooth removal, implants were placed in 9 minipigs. Six implants (XiVE; Friadent, Mannheim, Germany) were placed on each side of the posterior maxilla after preparation of the implant sites either by an osteotome technique or with spiral drills.

Life-threatening thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with dental foci. Report of two cases.

Objectives: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare haematological disease of unknown aetiology. This thrombotic microangiopathy is characterized by microvascular lesions with platelet aggregation. It is found in adults and can be associated with pregnancy, cancer, autoimmune diseases, bone marrow transplantation, drugs and bacterial as well as viral infections.