First-line Osimertinib for Lung Cancer With Uncommon EGFR Exon 19 Mutations and EGFR Compound Mutations.

Introduction: Up to 20% of EGFR-mutated NSCLC cases harbor uncommon mutations, including atypical exon 19 and compound mutations. Relatively little is known about the efficacy of osimertinib in these cases.

Methods: Patients treated with first-line osimertinib for NSCLC with rare EGFR exon 19 (non E746_A750del) or compound mutations were included.

Lung Cancer Survivorship: Physical, Social, Emotional, and Medical Needs of NSCLC Survivors.

Background: Newer therapies prolong survival for patients with lung cancer. Beyond extending survival, the needs of lung cancer (LC) survivors are poorly described.

Methods: We conducted a single-institution needs assessment survey of LC survivors alive ≥1 year from diagnosis.

Clinical and Genomic Characterization of Long-Term Responders Receiving Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Objectives: Understand from a real-world cohort the unique clinical and genomic determinants of a durable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with NSCLC who received any ICI-based regimen as first or second line therapy. Long-term responders (LTR) achieved an overall survival (OS) ≥ 3 years from time of treatment start, while nonresponders (NR) were patients who had an OS of 6 to 12 months from time of treatment start.

Infectious Complications in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are standard treatment for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the burden of infectious complications during ICI therapy is poorly described.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs between 2007 and 2020 at a tertiary academic center.

Cell-free DNA measurable residual disease as a predictor of postallogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant outcomes.

The measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment provides an attractive predictor of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplnat (alloHCT) outcomes. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been applied to diagnosis, early detection, and disease burden monitoring in various tumors, but its utility as an MRD test in myeloid malignancies has not been systematically evaluated. We sought to determine the differential sensitivity between bone marrow (BM) and cfDNA MRD and to assess the effect of cfDNA MRD on alloHCT outcomes.

Adagrasib: a novel inhibitor for -mutated non-small-cell lung cancer.

Adagrasib is a recently US FDA-approved novel targeted therapy with clinical efficacy in patients with advanced, pretreated -mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. KRYSTAL-I reported an objective response rate of 42.9% with median duration of response of 8.

Two Cases of Subsequent Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Responsive NSCLC: A Case Report.

As novel therapeutic regimens continue to lead to increased survival of patients with lung cancer, it is imperative to remain mindful of the accompanying increase in the incidence of new primary malignancies. Although the most common secondary malignancies in patients with lung cancer have historically included colon, rectal, esophageal, and thyroid cancers, we report here two rare cases of new primary hepatocellular carcinomas in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for NSCLC. In both cases, the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, rather than assuming a hepatic metastasis, was crucial for determining the appropriate approach for treatment.

Definitive Chemoradiation and Durvalumab Consolidation for Locally Advanced, Unresectable KRAS-mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Consolidation durvalumab immunotherapy following definitive chemoradiation (CRT) for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) improves overall survival. As therapeutic options for patients with KRAS-driven disease evolve, more understanding regarding genomic determinants of response and patterns of progression for durvalumab consolidation is needed to optimize outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a single-institutional retrospective analysis of real-world patients with locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC who completed CRT and received durvalumab consolidation.

Reimagining Undergraduate Medical Education in a Post-COVID-19 Landscape.

Online education due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused many medical schools to increasingly employ asynchronous and virtual learning that favored student independence and flexibility. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted existing shortcomings of the healthcare field in providing for marginalized and underserved communities. This perspective piece details the authors' opinions as medical students and medical educators on how to leverage the aspects of pandemic medical education to train physicians who can better address these needs.

Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibition in Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy with high and rapid relapse rates and poor outcomes. Treatment for SCLC has historically been limited by the lack of targetable driver genomic lesions, however recent developments in the underpinnings of genomic instability in SCLC and understanding of its transcriptional subtypes have led to increased interest in the use of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as a rationale therapy. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, historically designed to target BRCA1/2-mutated malignancies, capitalize on synthetic lethality in homologous recombination-deficient tumors.

Targeted Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Focus on Capmatinib with Companion Diagnostics.

dysregulation promoting tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with worse outcomes following chemotherapy as compared to non-driver mutated NSCLC and occurs either through mutations causing exon 14 skipping (ex14) or gene amplification and overexpression that result in enhanced receptor signaling. Capmatinib is the first FDA-approved targeted therapy for NSCLC with ex14 skipping mutations, approved in 2020. FoundationOne CDx, a comprehensive genomic profiling test for solid tumors, was concurrently approved as a companion diagnostic for capmatinib use.

Targeting Cancer Stem Cells with Differentiation Agents as an Alternative to Genotoxic Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are exceptionally sensitive to genotoxic chemotherapy, resulting in a high cure rate for the young men presenting with these malignancies. However, this treatment is associated with significant toxicity, and a subset of malignant TGCTs demonstrate chemoresistance. Mixed nonseminomas often contain pluripotent embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, the cancer stem cells (CSCs) of these tumors.