The surgical management of renal hyperparathyroidism.

Secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) develop in patients with renal failure due to a variety of mechanisms including increased phosphorus and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and decreased calcium and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D levels. Patients present with various bone disorders, cardiovascular disease, and typical laboratory abnormalities. Medical treatment consists of controlling hyperphosphatemia, vitamin D/analog and calcium administration, and calcimimetic agents.

A murine model of graft-vs-host disease after in utero hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Purpose: Graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) is a known complication of in utero bone marrow transplantation. However, GvHD has been difficult to study owing to frequent fetal demise. We describe the first consistent murine model of GvHD with postnatal survival after in utero hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Safety of minimal immunosuppression in liver transplantation for hepatoblastoma.

Background: Despite aggressive chemotherapy, recurrence of disease remains the leading cause of death after liver transplantation (LTx) for hepatoblastoma (HB). Unfortunately, little is known about the effects of immunosuppression on recurrence and posttransplant outcomes. We hypothesized that minimal immunosuppression can be safely used in these recipients.

Ileal exclusion for refractory symptomatic cholestasis in Alagille syndrome.

Background: Alagille syndrome (AGS) can result in pruritic self-mutilation and disabling or disfiguring xanthomas. Though external biliary diversion and transplantation have been described for AGS, few data exist for the use of ileal exclusion (IE) in this setting.

Methods: Three patients with AGS with symptomatic cholestasis despite maximal medical management underwent IE.