Error traps in Pediatric Patient Blood Management in the Perioperative Period.

Patient blood management is a patient-centered evidence-based approach to improve patient outcomes by harnessing the patient's own hematopoietic system to optimize blood health while promoting patient safety and empowerment. Perioperative patient blood management is a standard of care in adult medicine, yet it is not commonly accepted in pediatrics. Raising awareness may be the first step in improving perioperative care for the anemic and/or bleeding child.

Immediate extubation following pediatric liver transplantation.

Background: Immediate extubation (IE) following pediatric liver transplantation is being increasingly performed. The aim of this study was to characterize the rate of IE at our institution and identify recipient factors predictive of IE.

Methods: All pediatric liver transplants performed at our institution between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2020 were reviewed.

Anesthetic Management and Outcomes of Patients With Epidermolysis Bullosa: Experience at a Tertiary Referral Center.

Background: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare epithelial disorders caused by abnormal or absent structural proteins at the epidermal-dermal junction. As a result, patients experience blisters and wounds from mild shearing forces. Some forms of EB are complicated by resultant scarring and contractures.

The persistent impact of incidental experience.

As we perform daily activities--driving to work, unlocking the office door, or grabbing a coffee cup--our actions seem automatic and preprogrammed. Nonetheless, routine, well-practiced behavior is continually modulated by incidental experience: In repetitive experimental tasks, recent (~4) trials reliably influence performance and action choice. Psychological theories downplay the significance of sequential effects, explaining them as rapidly decaying perturbations of behavior, with no long-term consequences.

An integrative, experience-based theory of attentional control.

Although diverse, theories of visual attention generally share the notion that attention is controlled by some combination of three distinct strategies: (1) exogenous cuing from locally contrasting primitive visual features, such as abrupt onsets or color singletons (e.g., L.

Recognition of a Kawasaki disease shock syndrome.

Objective: We sought to define the characteristics that distinguish Kawasaki disease shock syndrome from hemodynamically normal Kawasaki disease.

Methods: We collected data prospectively for all patients with Kawasaki disease who were treated at a single institution during a 4-year period. We defined Kawasaki disease shock syndrome on the basis of systolic hypotension for age, a sustained decrease in systolic blood pressure from baseline of > or =20%, or clinical signs of poor perfusion.

Delayed diagnosis by physicians contributes to the development of coronary artery aneurysms in children with Kawasaki syndrome.

Background: A diagnosis of Kawasaki syndrome is based on clinical criteria with nonspecific laboratory findings, and there is a substantial risk of coronary artery aneurysms if treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin is delayed. In this study, we examined the contributions of sociodemographic factors and parent and physician behavior to the development of coronary artery aneurysms in children with Kawasaki syndrome.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, case-control chart review of Kawasaki syndrome patients treated at our institution during an 11-year period (1991-2002).