Preparticipation Sports Physical Evaluation in Adolescents.

The purpose of the preparticipation physical evaluation (PPE) is to promote safe participation in sport and to restrict participation only when necessary for the safety of the athlete. Based on expert opinion, this tool is considered standard of care. Six stakeholder professional societies collaboratively published the Preparticipation Physical Evaluation Monograph to guide a more useful experience for both examiners and athletes.

The Impact of Indocyanine Green Angiography on Fat Necrosis in Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction.

Background: The deep inferior epigastric perforator flap (DIEP) is a widely known reliable option for autologous breast reconstruction. One common complication of DIEP procedures is fat necrosis. Consequences of fat necrosis include wound healing complications, pain, infection, and the psychological distress of possible cancerous recurrence.

Versatility of subscapular chimeric free flaps in the secondary reconstruction of composite posttraumatic defects of the upper face.

High energy injuries to the upper face present challenging reconstructive problems. In some cases, initial reconstructive efforts result in unfavorable outcomes that require secondary intervention. Chimeric free flaps based on the subscapular system offer the tissue components and volume needed for these complex reconstructions.

Total autogenous mandibular reconstruction using virtual surgical planning.

Free fibula transfer has become the workhorse in mandibular reconstruction. Total mandibular reconstruction is an uncommon procedure with added complexity. Numerous techniques have been described for such reconstruction, many requiring a temporomandibular joint prosthesis.

Composite fronto-orbital reconstruction using a subscapular chimeric flap.

Composite defects of the fronto-orbital region represent a reconstructive challenge. Total autogenous reconstruction requires a thin pliable skin flap along with a bony component that can be osteotomized predictably. The thoracodorsal artery perforator/scapular bone chimeric flap provides a reliable single-stage method to cover difficult composite forehead defects where local options are unsuitable or have been exhausted.

Complications of hydroxyapatite bone cement in secondary pediatric craniofacial reconstruction.

Hydroxyapatite cement has become a popular alternative to bone grafts in reconstructing the calvarium. Although animal studies have shown promising results with use of hydroxyapatite, human clinical studies have shown mixed results including significant rates of infection. This is a retrospective chart review during a 7-year period (1997-2003) of 20 patients who underwent secondary forehead cranioplasty with hydroxyapatite cement (Norian Craniofacial Reconstruction System).

Simultaneous bilateral breast reconstruction with in-the-crease inferior gluteal artery perforator flaps.

The inferior gluteal artery perforator (IGAP) free flap represents an alternative technique for autogenous breast reconstruction in patients with insufficient abdominal donor tissue. Historically, patients underwent a staged approach for bilateral breast reconstruction with the IGAP because it is technically demanding and can be time consuming. The bilateral simultaneous IGAP can be performed effectively with 2 microsurgeons operating together.