Impact of and mutations on outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia.

The prognostic significance of mutations in AML is poorly understood. In this ambispective cohort study of 239 newly-diagnosed AML patients at the University of Maryland, we assessed the median overall survival (mOS) and median event-free survival (mEFS) in wild-type (WT) AML ( = 196), -mutated AML ( = 11), -mutated AML ( = 25), and /-mutated AML ( = 7). We used propensity score to adjust outcomes.

Agricultural Landscape and Pesticide Effects on Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Biological Traits.

Sixteen honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies were placed in four different agricultural landscapes to study the effects of agricultural landscape and exposure to pesticides on honey bee health. Colonies were located in three different agricultural areas with varying levels of agricultural intensity (AG areas) and one nonagricultural area (NAG area).

Long-lasting sensitization of reward-directed behavior by amphetamine.

Exposure to psychostimulant drugs of abuse such as amphetamine can result in long-lasting "sensitization" of reward-directed behavior, such that subjects display enhancements in behavior directed by and toward rewards and reward-predictive cues (i.e. "incentive sensitization").

Good things come to those who wait: attenuated discounting of delayed rewards in aged Fischer 344 rats.

The ability to make advantageous choices among outcomes that differ in magnitude, probability, and delay until their arrival is critical for optimal survival and well-being across the lifespan. Aged individuals are often characterized as less impulsive in their choices than their young adult counterparts, demonstrating an increased ability to forgo immediate in favor of delayed (and often more beneficial) rewards. Such "wisdom" is usually characterized as a consequence of learning and life experience.