Prior acute exercise restores postprandial fat oxidation in active cannabis users.

Data suggest cannabis users have similar or lower levels of blood lipids compared to nonusers. However, the extent to which cannabis users experience postprandial lipemia is not known. Eleven cannabis users and 11 nonusers completed either rest or 1 h of exercise at their ventilatory threshold the evening before a meal tolerance test (MTT).

Strength, Cardiovascular Fitness, and Blood Lipid Measures in Law Enforcement Personnel After a 12-Week Health Promotion Program.

Hibbert, JE, Klawiter, DP, Schubert, MM, Nessler, JA, and Asakawa, DS. Strength, cardiovascular fitness, and blood lipid measures in law enforcement personnel after a 12-week health promotion program. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3105-3112, 2022-Law enforcement personnel often have high rates of cardiovascular disease and injury.

Fluid Loss in Recreational Surfers.

Surfing offers unique challenges to thermoregulation and hydration. The purpose of this study was to quantify fluid loss in recreational surfers, and to analyze the effects of water temperature, air temperature, exercise intensity, duration, and garment thickness on the total amount of fluid lost during a surf session. A total of 254 male and 52 female recreational surfers were recruited from San Diego, Costa Rica, and Australia to participate in the study.

Effect of Fed State on Self-selected Intensity and Affective Responses to Exercise Following Public Health Recommendations.

Nutritional status has numerous effects on exercise metabolism and psychological responses. The effect of fed state on changes in affective valence; however, are unknown. Thus, the present study examined how fed state influenced self-selected exercise intensity, affective responses during exercise, and exercise enjoyment when exercise was completed following physical activity guidelines for public health.

The Polar OH1 Optical Heart Rate Sensor is Valid during Moderate-Vigorous Exercise.

Purpose: Traditional heart-rate monitoring through the use of electrocardiograms or chest-worn heart rate sensors can be challenging in certain sports or in field settings. New technologies, such as photoplethysmography (PPG), have enabled heart-rate monitoring at alternate sites. However, to date, the accuracy and validity of various PPG sensors has not been examined in detail.

Reliability and validity of various laboratory methods of body composition assessment in young adults.

Accurate measures of body composition (BC) are essential for performance and health. In addition to accuracy, BC measures should be practical and be minimally invasive to maximize their utility. The purpose of the present study was to compare the day-to-day variability and validity of four common laboratory-based body composition assessments to a criterion four-compartment model.

Energy balance dynamics during short-term high-intensity functional training.

CrossFit (CF; CrossFit Inc., Washington, DC, USA) is a form of high-intensity functional training that focuses on training across the entire spectrum of physical fitness. CF has been shown to improve a number of indicators of health but little information assessing energy balance exists.

Heart rate and thermal responses to power yoga.

Background: and Purpose: Yoga has grown in popularity and may offer a viable alternative form of physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine heart rate, hydration, and thermal responses to a power yoga sequence.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-seven men and women (n = 4/23; Mean ± SD age = 23.

Energy compensation after sprint- and high-intensity interval training.

Background: Many individuals lose less weight than expected in response to exercise interventions when considering the increased energy expenditure of exercise (ExEE). This is due to energy compensation in response to ExEE, which may include increases in energy intake (EI) and decreases in non-exercise physical activity (NEPA). We examined the degree of energy compensation in healthy young men and women in response to interval training.

Changes in fat oxidation in response to various regimes of high intensity interval training (HIIT).

Increased whole-body fat oxidation (FOx) has been consistently demonstrated in response to moderate intensity continuous exercise training. Completion of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and its more intense form, sprint interval training (SIT), has also been reported to increase FOx in different populations. An explanation for this increase in FOx is primarily peripheral adaptations via improvements in mitochondrial content and function.

Effect of periodized high intensity interval training (HIIT) on body composition and attitudes towards hunger in active men and women.

Background: High intensity interval training (HIIT) increases maximal oxygen uptake similar to aerobic exercise. However, changes in body composition are equivocal in response to HIIT. We examined changes in body composition and dietary restraint in response to 20 sessions of HIIT varying in structure.

Impact of 4 weeks of interval training on resting metabolic rate, fitness, and health-related outcomes.

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and substrate oxidation (respiratory exchange ratio; RER) are important indicators of health. The effects of interval training on RMR have not been thoroughly investigated, which was the purpose of the present study. Thirty men and women (mean ± SD age and maximal oxygen uptake: 28.

Caffeine, coffee, and appetite control: a review.

Coffee and caffeine consumption has global popularity. However, evidence for the potential of these dietary constituents to influence energy intake, gut physiology, and appetite perceptions remains unclear. The purpose of this review was to examine the evidence regarding coffee and caffeine's influence on energy intake and appetite control.

Fluid, energy and nutrient recovery via ad libitum intake of different fluids and food.

Introduction: This study compared the effects of ad libitum consumption of different beverages and foods on fluid retention and nutrient intake following exercise.

Methods: Ten endurance trained males (mean±SD; Age=25.3±4.

Exercise volume and aerobic fitness in young adults: the Midwest Exercise Trial-2.

To examine the effect of exercise volume at a fixed intensity on changes in aerobic fitness. Ninety-two overweight/obese individuals (BMI 25-40 kg m(2)), age 18-30 years, 50 % women, completed a 10 mo, 5 d wk(-1) supervised exercise intervention at 2 levels of exercise energy expenditure (400 or 600 kcal session(-1)) at 70-80 % heart rate (HR) max. Exercise consisted primarily of walking/jogging on motor-driven treadmills.

Morphological processing of ultraviolet emissions of electrical corona discharge for analysis and diagnostic use.

Electron cascades from electrical discharge produce secondary emissions from atmospheric plasma in the ultraviolet band. For a single point of discharge, these emissions exhibit a stereotypical discharge morphology, with latent information about the discharge location. Morphological processing can uncover the location and therefore have diagnostic utility.

Breakfast Intake and Composition Is Associated with Superior Academic Achievement in Elementary Schoolchildren.

Objective: To determine whether breakfast consumption or content affects academic achievement measured by standardized tests.

Methods: Baseline data were collected in fall of 2011 from 698 students (50.5% female, age = 7.

A review of the bioactivity of coffee, caffeine and key coffee constituents on inflammatory responses linked to depression.

Coffee is a widely consumed beverage containing numerous biologically active constituents predominantly belonging to the polyphenol and alkaloid classes. It has been established that coffee has a beneficial effect on numerous disease states including depression. A number of prospective and retrospective cohort studies have assessed the effects of coffee consumption on the relative risk of developing major depressive disorder in humans.

Perceptual Changes in Response to Two Regimens of Interval Training in Sedentary Women.

This study examined acute and chronic changes in perceptual measures (rating of perceived exertion [RPE], affect, and arousal) in response to 2 regimens of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Twenty-three healthy sedentary women (mean ± SD age and V[Combining Dot Above]O2max = 23.0 ± 5.

Coffee for morning hunger pangs. An examination of coffee and caffeine on appetite, gastric emptying, and energy intake.

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has a number of potential health benefits. Coffee may influence energy expenditure and energy intake, which in turn may affect body weight. However, the influence of coffee and its constituents - particularly caffeine - on appetite remains largely unexplored.

Caffeine consumption around an exercise bout: effects on energy expenditure, energy intake, and exercise enjoyment.

Combining an exercise and nutritional intervention is arguably the optimal method of creating energy imbalance for weight loss. This study sought to determine whether combining exercise and caffeine supplementation was more effective for promoting acute energy deficits and manipulations to substrate metabolism than exercise alone. Fourteen recreationally active participants (mean ± SD body mass index: 22.

Individual responses to completion of short-term and chronic interval training: a retrospective study.

Alterations in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), heart rate (HR), and fat oxidation occur in response to chronic endurance training. However, many studies report frequent incidence of "non-responders" who do not adapt to continuous moderate exercise. Whether this is the case in response to high intensity interval training (HIT), which elicits similar adaptations as endurance training, is unknown.

Acute exercise and hormones related to appetite regulation: a meta-analysis.

Background: Understanding of the impact of an acute bout of exercise on hormones involved in appetite regulation may provide insight into some of the mechanisms that regulate energy balance. In resting conditions, acylated ghrelin is known to stimulate food intake, while hormones such as peptide YY (PYY), pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are known to suppress food intake.

Objective: The objective of this review was to determine the magnitude of exercise effects on levels of gastrointestinal hormones related to appetite, using systematic review and meta-analysis.

Magnitude and time course of changes in maximal oxygen uptake in response to distinct regimens of chronic interval training in sedentary women.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare changes in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in response to two regimens of chronic interval training.

Methods: Twenty healthy sedentary women (mean ± SD age and VO2max = 23.0 ± 5.