TOpCLASS Expert Consensus Classification of Perianal Fistulising Crohn's Disease: A Real-world Application in a Serial Fistula MRI Cohort.

Background And Aims: Perianal fistuliing Crohn's disease [PFCD] is an aggressive phenotype of Crohn's disease defined by frequent relapses and disabling symptoms. A novel consensus classification system was recently outlined by the TOpCLASS consortium, which seeks to unify disease severity with patient-centred goals but has not yet been validated. We aimed to apply this to a real-world cohort and to identify factors that predict transition between classes over time.

Geldof Expert Consensus Classification of Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease: A Real-World Application in a Serial Fistula MRI Cohort.

Background And Aims: Perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (CD-PAF) is an aggressive phenotype of Crohn's disease (CD) defined by frequent relapses and disabling symptoms. A novel consensus classification system was recently outlined by Geldof et al. that seeks to unify disease severity with patient-centered goals but has not yet been validated.

Loneliness in older primary care patients and its relationship to physical and mental health-related quality of life.

Background: Loneliness is a significant public health challenge in the United States, especially among older adults. The epidemiology of loneliness among older adults in primary care is lacking, and specific research is needed on how loneliness impacts older primary patients' physical, mental, and cognitive health. A large sample of older primary care patients were recruited for a trial during the COVID-19 pandemic to measure the relationship between loneliness and physical and mental quality of life (QOL).

Association Between Subjective Cognitive Decline and Twice-Weekly Muscle-Strengthening Activities in Middle-Aged and Older US Adults: An Analysis of the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Purpose: Adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), the self-reported concern of reduced cognitive function, are recommended to do physical activity for its brain health benefits. US adults aged ≥45 with SCD are less likely to meet the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) aerobic activity recommendations. Their engagement in muscle-strengthening activities is unknown.

Relationship of Decisional Conflict About Driving Habits Between Older Adult Drivers and Their Family Members and Close Friends.

This study examines the relationship of decisional conflict about driving habits between older adult drivers (≥70 years old) and their family members and close friends. This secondary analysis utilizes data originating from a multi-site randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of a driving decision aid (DDA) intervention. Decisional conflict about stopping or changing driving habits for drivers was measured with the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS).

Older adults' exposure to and posting of health-related messages on Facebook by chronic health condition status.

Objective: Older adults may be particularly interested in health-related content on Facebook, especially those who have chronic health conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare older adult Facebook users with and without a chronic health condition on their frequency of posting and exposure to health-related content.

Methods: Participants, recruited via Qualtrics, were regular Facebook users aged 50 + years.

An Evaluation of a Personalized Multicomponent Commercial Digital Weight Management Program: Single-Arm Behavioral Trial.

Background: Digital behavioral weight loss programs are scalable and effective, and they provide an opportunity to personalize intervention components. However, more research is needed to test the acceptability and efficacy of personalized digital behavioral weight loss interventions.

Objective: In a 6-month single-arm trial, we examined weight loss, acceptability, and secondary outcomes of a digital commercial weight loss program (WeightWatchers).

Outcomes following liver transplant for alcohol-associated liver disease: comparing alcohol-associated hepatitis and cirrhosis.

Background: Liver transplant (LT) is a highly effective therapy for refractory severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (SAH), but optimal selection criteria remain unknown. We aim to evaluate the outcomes of patients who received LT for alcohol-associated liver disease at our center following the introduction of updated selection criteria, including the removal of the minimum sobriety requirement.

Methods: Data were collected on all patients who underwent LT for alcohol-associated liver disease from January 1, 2018, to September 30, 2020.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Older Primary Care Patients and Their Family Members.

The COVID-19 pandemic introduced mandatory stay-at-home orders and concerns about contracting a virus that impacted the physical and mental health of much of the world's population. This study compared the rates of depression and anxiety in a sample of older primary care patients (aged ≥65 years old) and their family members recruited for a clinical trial before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were dyads enrolled in the Caregiver Outcomes of Alzheimer's Disease Screening (COADS) trial, which included 1,809 dyads of older primary care patients and one of their family members.

Predicting Participant Engagement in a Social Media-Delivered Lifestyle Intervention Using Microlevel Conversational Data: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Social media-delivered lifestyle interventions have shown promising outcomes, often generating modest but significant weight loss. Participant engagement appears to be an important predictor of weight loss outcomes; however, engagement generally declines over time and is highly variable both within and across studies. Research on factors that influence participant engagement remains scant in the context of social media-delivered lifestyle interventions.

A Facebook-Delivered Weight Loss Intervention Using Open Enrollment: Randomized Pilot Feasibility Trial.

Background: Behavioral weight loss programs typically enroll 12-40 people into groups that then suffer from declining engagement over time. Web-based patient communities, on the other hand, typically offer no limits on capacity and membership is fluid. This model may be useful for boosting engagement in behavioral weight loss interventions, which could lead to better outcomes.

Development of Written Materials for Participants in an Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Screening Trial.

Given that participants' experiences in clinical trials include a variety of communication touchpoints with clinical trial staff, these communications should be designed in a way that enhances the participant experience by paying attention to the self-determination theoretical concepts of competence, autonomy, and relatedness. In this feature, we argue that clinical trial teams need to consider the importance of how they design their written participant communication materials, and we explain in detail the process our multidisciplinary team took to design written materials for the patient and family caregiver participants in our Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) screening trial. This article concludes with suggested guidance and steps for other clinical trial teams.

Proof-of-Concept Feasibility Trial of a Dissonance-Based Sun Safety Intervention for Young Adult Tanners.

Background: Melanoma is the second most common cancer in young adults. Social media may be a means to conduct interventions to increase sun safety in young adults.

Purpose: We conducted a randomized proof-of-concept pilot trial to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a dissonance-based social media intervention designed to promote sun safety in young adult tanners.

Effects of 0.5% and 2.0% Sodium Lauryl Sulfate in Male CD-1 Mice From a 3-Month Oral Gavage Toxicity Study.

The tolerability of single daily gavage doses of 0.5% or 2.0% (wt/vol) sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) in 11- to 12-week-old male CD-1 mice was evaluated in a study of 3 months in duration.

Slip Buddy App for Weight Management: Randomized Feasibility Trial of a Dietary Lapse Tracking App.

Background: Although calorie tracking is one of the strongest predictors of weight loss in behavioral weight loss interventions, low rates of adherence are common.

Objective: This study aims to examine the feasibility and acceptability of using the Slip Buddy app during a 12-week web-based weight loss program.

Methods: We conducted a randomized pilot trial to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using the Slip Buddy app compared with a popular commercial calorie tracking app during a counselor-led, web-based behavioral weight loss intervention.

Standardizing Outcome Assessment in Parkinson Disease: A Knowledge Translation Project.

Background And Purpose: Rehabilitation therapists do not consistently utilize standardized outcome measures. The purpose of this study was to develop and implement a tailored knowledge translation (KT) intervention to facilitate application of standardized outcome measures used in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) receiving outpatient rehabilitation.

Methods: Four clinics within a hospital-based outpatient system including physical therapists (n = 7) and occupational therapists (n = 2) collaborated with researcher clinicians.

Impaired Notch Signaling Leads to a Decrease in p53 Activity and Mitotic Catastrophe in Aged Muscle Stem Cells.

The decline of tissue regenerative potential with age correlates with impaired stem cell function. However, limited strategies are available for therapeutic modulation of stem cell function during aging. Using skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) as a model system, we identify cell death by mitotic catastrophe as a cause of impaired stem cell proliferative expansion in aged animals.

Hippocampal functional connectivity is related to self-reported cognitive concerns in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy.

Nearly three out of four survivors experience Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment (CRCI) for months or years following treatment. Both clinical and animal studies point to the hippocampus as a likely brain region affected in CRCI, however no previous study has investigated the functional connectivity of the hippocampus in CRCI. We compared hippocampal connectivity in cancer survivors and healthy controls and tested the relationship between functional connectivity differences and measures of objective and subjective cognition.

Neural correlates of preserved facial affect perception in high functioning schizophrenia.

Individuals with 'high functioning' schizophrenia (HF-SCZ) may have preserved facial affect perception (FAP) compared to individuals with 'low functioning' schizophrenia (LF-SCZ). The neural mechanisms supporting preserved FAP in HF-SCZ have yet to be evaluated. This study compared brain activation during FAP performance in HF-SCZ, LF-SCZ, and controls.

HGFA Is an Injury-Regulated Systemic Factor that Induces the Transition of Stem Cells into G.

The activation of quiescent stem cells into the cell cycle is a key step in initiating the process of tissue repair. We recently reported that quiescent stem cells can transition into G, a cellular state in which they have an increased functional ability to activate and participate in tissue repair. However, the precise molecular signals that induce G in stem cells have remained elusive.

Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block on Specific Symptom Clusters for Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

This study assessed which symptoms are most impacted following stellate ganglion block (SGB) used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. 30 active military service members with combat-related PTSD self-referred to their physician and psychologist. Patients were offered a SGB as part of their treatment program.

Findings in Historical Control Harlan RCCHan™: WIST Rats from 104-week Oral Gavage Studies.

Vehicle control Harlan RCCHan™:WIST rats were examined to provide control data for subsequent studies. The rats (180 male and 180 female) were dosed daily via oral gavage with reverse osmosis water for up to 104 weeks. At necropsy, body weights and macroscopic findings were recorded and tissues were collected for histopathology.

Pretrial functional connectivity differentiates behavioral outcomes during trace eyeblink conditioning in the rabbit.

Fluctuations in neural activity can produce states that facilitate and accelerate task-related performance. Acquisition of trace eyeblink conditioning (tEBC) in the rabbit is enhanced when trials are contingent on optimal pretrial activity in the hippocampus. Other regions which are essential for whisker-signaled tEBC, such as the cerebellar interpositus nucleus (IPN), somatosensory and prelimbic cortices, may also show optimal connectivity prior to successful performance.