Marking Pen Bacterial Contamination During Shoulder Surgery.

Background: Equipment used to guide surgical incisions has been shown to be a source of bacterial contamination during surgery.

Purpose/hypothesis: To compare the culture-positive rates of sterile marking pens used before and after skin preparation for shoulder surgery. It was hypothesized that there will be no difference in culture-positive rates from marking pens used after skin preparation compared with before skin preparation.

Low-Cost Earmuff Shown to Significantly Reduce Cast-Saw Noise.

Hearing protection devices reduce cast-saw noise. It would be helpful to identify the devices that are both effective and economical. Prior studies have shown that expensive noise-reduction headphones significantly reduced the anxiety associated with cast removal with a powered oscillating saw.

The Effect of Booster Seat Use on Pediatric Injuries in Motor Vehicle Frontal Crashes.

Background: Motor vehicle crashes are a significant source of pediatric mortality and morbidity. Studies indicate that booster seats significantly improve seat belt fit for children who have not attained a height of 145 cm (4' 9"). This study examined injuries occurring in booster age children up to age 12, as the majority of children do not attain 145 cm until this age.

Evaluation of 3 Fixation Devices for Tibial-Sided Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Backup Fixation.

We conducted a study to biomechanically evaluate 3 methods of tibial-sided fixation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: fully threaded interference screw only, interference screw backed with 4.75-mm SwiveLock anchor, and fully threaded bio-interference screw backed with 4.5-mm bicortical screw (all Arthrex).

Increasing alpha angle is predictive of athletic-related "hip" and "groin" pain in collegiate National Football League prospects.

Purpose: The first purpose was to evaluate radiographic pathomorphology/abnormalities in a cohort of high-level collegiate football players screened with hip radiographs. The second purpose was to define the radiographic predictors of athletic-related "hip" and "groin" symptoms in this cohort of high-level athletes.

Methods: The study population included all male collegiate football players undergoing evaluation and hip radiography at the National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine in 2009 and 2010.

Functional elbow range of motion for contemporary tasks.

Background: Elbow range of motion for functional tasks has been previously studied. Motion arcs necessary to complete contemporary tasks such as using a keyboard or cellular telephone have not been studied and could have implications on what is considered to be a functional arc of motion for these tasks. The purpose of this study was to determine elbow range of motion, including flexion-extension, pronation-supination, and varus-valgus angulation, with use of three-dimensional optical tracking technology for several previously described positional and functional tasks along with various contemporary tasks.

Distances to the subacromial bursa from 3 different injection sites as measured arthroscopically.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the distance for a standard needle to reach the subacromial bursa through 3 commonly used approaches.

Methods: Thirty patients without associated rotator cuff tears underwent arthroscopic evaluation of the shoulder. The bursa was entered without shaving or altering of the bursa.