Publications by authors named "Matthew Pugh"

The unique histiocytic entity of indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT) is known to cause diagnostic conundrum and treatment dilemmas with no published consensus on either. We report a rare case of cutaneous IDCT with ETV3::NOAC2 rearrangement providing further evidence to its association with this condition. With its ease of administration and minimal side effects, PUVA therapy can be successfully used to treat cutaneous forms of IDCT.

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Article Synopsis
  • Many individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) see the disorder as part of their identity, but externalising the problem—making it separate from oneself—is a common therapeutic approach suggested by NICE.
  • This research investigates how externalisation affects recovery in AN by conducting interviews with thirteen adults who have been diagnosed with the disorder, utilizing a qualitative analysis method.
  • Participants identified key themes reflecting their experiences with externalisation, including the challenge of distinguishing between self and AN, the impact of language on understanding the disorder, and the effects of externalisation on personal relationships.
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Capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2) mediates cell-matrix interactions to facilitate cell adhesion and migration. CMG2 has been implicated in the disease progression of breast cancer, prostate cancer and gastric cancer. The present study aims to determine the role of CMG2 in the disease progression and peritoneal metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

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Objective: To synthesise young person and family member perspectives on processes of change in family therapy for anorexia nervosa (AN), including systemic family therapy and manualised family-based treatments, to obtain an understanding of what helps and hinders positive change.

Method: A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify qualitative studies focussing on experiences of therapeutic change within family therapies for AN from the perspectives of young people and their families. Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria and underwent quality appraisal following which they were synthesised using a meta-synthesis approach.

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Background: A total of 30-40% of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients will either not respond to the standard therapy or their disease will recur. The first-line treatment for DLBCL is rituximab and combination chemotherapy. This treatment involves the chemotherapy-induced recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages that recognize and kill rituximab-opsonized DLBCL cells.

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Voice hearing experiences are commonly reported by patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and are associated with negative outcomes. The "eating disorder voice" (EDV) can be understood within relational frameworks. Relating therapy (RT) has offered encouraging outcomes when targeted at voice hearing experiences transdiagnostically but has not been evaluated in the context of AN.

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Post-acute cardiac sequelae, following SARS-CoV-2 infection, are well recognized as complications of COVID-19. We have previously shown the persistence of autoantibodies against antigens in skin, muscle, and heart in individuals following severe COVID-19; the most common staining on skin tissue displayed an inter-cellular cement pattern consistent with antibodies against desmosomal proteins. Desmosomes play a critical role in maintaining the structural integrity of tissues.

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), defined as a group I carcinogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), is present in the tumour cells of patients with different forms of B-cell lymphoma, including Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and, most recently, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Understanding how EBV contributes to the development of these different types of B-cell lymphoma has not only provided fundamental insights into the underlying mechanisms of viral oncogenesis, but has also highlighted potential new therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we describe the effects of EBV infection in normal B-cells and we address the germinal centre model of infection and how this can lead to lymphoma in some instances.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor clinical outlook. Responses to immune checkpoint blockade are suboptimal and a much more detailed understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment is needed if this situation is to be improved. Here, we characterized tumor-infiltrating T-cell populations in patients with PDAC using cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) and single-cell RNA sequencing.

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"Chairwork" is a collection of experiential methods that utilize movement between chairs and dialogue with parts of the self to bring about change. Because of their emotionally intense nature, therapists often assume that a robust therapeutic relationship is a prerequisite for these tasks. However, it could be said that chairwork also supports the development and strengthening of the alliance.

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Background: The systemic inflammatory response post-SARS-CoV-2 infection increases pro-inflammatory cytokine production, multi-organ damage, and mortality rates. Mast cells (MC) modulate thrombo-inflammatory disease progression (, deep vein thrombosis) and the inflammatory response post-infection.

Objective: To enhance our understanding of the contribution of MC and their proteases in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pathogenesis of the disease, which might help to identify novel therapeutic targets.

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S100A8/A9, also known as "calprotectin" or "MRP8/14," is an alarmin primarily secreted by activated myeloid cells with antimicrobial, proinflammatory, and prothrombotic properties. Increased plasma levels of S100A8/A9 in thrombo-inflammatory diseases are associated with thrombotic complications. We assessed the presence of S100A8/A9 in the plasma and lung autopsies from patients with COVID-19 and investigated the molecular mechanism by which S100A8/A9 affects platelet function and thrombosis.

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Aims: Thrombotic complications and vasculopathy have been extensively associated with severe COVID-19 infection; however, the mechanisms inducing endotheliitis and the disruption of endothelial integrity in the microcirculation are poorly understood. We hypothesized that within the vessel wall, pericytes preferentially take up viral particles and mediate the subsequent loss of vascular integrity.

Methods And Results: Immunofluorescence of post-mortem patient sections was used to assess pathophysiological aspects of COVID-19 infection.

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Objectives: Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is frequently administered to patients with cancer to enhance granulocyte recovery post-chemotherapy. Clinical trials have also used G-CSF to modulate myeloid cell function in pregnancy and inflammatory diseases. Although the contribution of G-CSF to expanding normal granulocytes is well known, the effect of this cytokine on the phenotype and function of immunosuppressive granulocytic cells remains unclear.

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Inflammasomes are cytosolic innate immune sensors of pathogen infection and cellular damage that induce caspase-1-mediated inflammation upon activation. Although inflammation is protective, uncontrolled excessive inflammation can cause inflammatory diseases and can be detrimental, such as in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, the underlying mechanisms that control inflammasome activation are incompletely understood.

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Article Synopsis
  • COVID-19 causes a hypercoagulatory state that can lead to serious blood clot issues, and while anticoagulation helps reduce mortality, the benefits of antiplatelet therapy are uncertain.
  • A study of 578 hospitalized COVID-19 patients found no correlation between antiplatelet therapy and survival rates, with adverse outcomes more tied to an overactive coagulation system.
  • Analysis of postmortem lung biopsies and patient blood samples indicated that while clotting was problematic, platelet function appeared impaired in severe cases, suggesting that antiplatelet therapy did not improve outcomes and might even worsen platelet issues.
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Thromboembolic complications are frequently observed in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While COVID-19 is linked to platelet dysregulation, the association between disease outcome and platelet function is less clear. We prospectively monitored platelet activation and reactivity in 97 patients during the first week of hospitalization and determined plasma markers of platelet degranulation and inflammation.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The absence of Tspan6 activates certain signaling pathways associated with increased production of tmTGF-α, a factor linked to tumor growth and progression, influenced by the adaptor protein syntenin-1.
  • * Low levels of Tspan6 in CRC are associated with poorer survival rates, while higher expression is linked to better responses to EGFR-targeted therapies, such as Cetuximab, particularly in patients with right-sided tumors and KRAS mutations.
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A proportion of individuals given an eating disorder diagnosis describe the experience of an eating disorder 'voice' (EDV). However, methods for working with this experience are currently lacking. Voice Dialogue (Stone & Stone, 1989) involves direct communication between a facilitator and parts of the self to increase awareness, understanding, and separation from inner voices.

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We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the use of machine learning techniques for predicting stone-free rates following Shockwave Lithotripsy (SWL). Eight papers (3264 patients) were included. Two studies used decision-tree approaches, five studies utilised Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and one study combined a variety of approaches.

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Recent years have seen a significant and rapid increase in the provision of tele-therapies. Chairwork methods such as empty-chair dialogues and role-play represent a "common" category of therapeutic interventions which are utilized in many psychotherapeutic approaches. However, guidelines for facilitating chairwork in tele-therapy are currently lacking.

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Rates of loco-regional recurrence and distant metastasis remain high among head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, despite advancing cancer treatment modalities and therapeutic agents. One area that has generated considerable interest is the immune landscape of the tumour, heralding a wave of immune checkpoint inhibitors with notable efficacy in recurrent/metastatic HNSCC patients. However, HNSCC remains poorly served by biomarkers that can direct treatment in a personalised fashion to target the tumour heterogeneity seen between patients.

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