Publications by authors named "Matthew Ott"
Article Synopsis
- Relay-cropping of winter camelina and pennycress with soybean may offer economic and environmental benefits in the Upper Midwest, yet their impact on nutrient runoff is unclear.
- Studies assessed surface runoff and nutrient loads during three crop phases over two years comparing cover crops with no-till and chisel-till treatments.
- Results showed higher nutrient runoff during the winter cover phase due to snowmelt, but pennycress significantly reduced total suspended solids (TSS) during intercrop phases, indicating some cover crops can help manage nutrient loads despite potential increases during soybean growth.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers created a new analysis tool to enhance the detection of nitric oxide (NO) levels in immune cells from melanoma patients during clinical trials involving ipilimumab and peptide vaccines.
- This tool helps visualize immune cell phenotypes without needing complex clustering methods and links them to patient outcomes like relapse-free survival (RFS).
- The study revealed that NO plays a dual role in melanoma, with levels found in both immune-suppressing cells (linked to shorter RFS) and immune-stimulating cells (associated with longer RFS), highlighting NO's complex immunomodulatory effects.
Article Synopsis
- Winter cover crops like winter camelina and pennycress may help reduce nutrient leaching in the Upper Midwest by improving soil health and nutrient retention.
- Research measured nitrogen in plant biomass and soil, showing that winter rye and forage radish sequestered significant nitrogen in the fall, while oilseed cover crops outperformed in spring nitrogen uptake before soybean planting.
- Overall, these cash cover crops not only provide economic benefits for farmers but also contribute to environmental sustainability by reducing nutrient loss from the soil.
Perennial agriculture has been proposed as an option to improve the sustainability of cropping systems, by increasing the efficiency of resource use, while also providing ecosystem services. Neo-domestication, the contemporary domestication of plants that have not previously been used in agriculture, can be used to generate new crops for these systems. Here we explore the potential of a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 68) interspecific hybrid sunflower as a perennial oilseed for use in multifunctional agricultural systems.
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