Dengue Fever Culminating in Cardiac Arrest: A Case Report.

Infection from the dengue virus can manifest with a variety of clinical presentations. Cardiac involvement from dengue fever is a rarely reported phenomenon with significant morbidity and mortality. We illustrate the case of a 47-year-old male admitted to the hospital with fevers.

Lower constraint testing enhances the testing effect for some contextual details but not others.

Introduction: Retrieval practice has been shown to be an effective means of learning new information, a memory phenomenon known as the testing effect or the retrieval practice effect. Some work suggests that the magnitude of the testing effect can be enhanced when the test used for retrieval practice uses fewer cues to retrieve previously studied information. It is unclear, however, whether such testing benefits extend to peripheral contextual details associated with studied materials (e.

The reciprocal relationship between episodic memory and future thinking: How the outcome of predictions is subsequently remembered.

Evidence suggests that memory is involved in making simulations and predictions about the future (i.e., future thinking), but less work has examined how the outcome of those predictions (whether events play out as predicted or expected) subsequently affects episodic memory.

Exploring the relationship between retrieval practice, self-efficacy, and memory.

Retrieval practice effect refers to improved memory on a final test for information retrieved one or more times. Although past theoretical work identifies cognitive mechanisms to explain retrieval practice benefits, it is possible that improving self-efficacy during learning may also contribute to better memory, in line with limited past work showing a relationship between self-efficacy and memory. Across two experiments, we examine the potential relationship between retrieval practice, self-efficacy, and memory.

STOP SHOUTING AT ME: The Influence of Case and Self-Referencing on Explicit and Implicit Memory.

Evidence suggests that physical changes in word appearance, such as those written in all capital letters, and the use of effective encoding strategies, such as self-referential processing, improves memory. In this study we examined the extent both physical changes in word appearance (case) and encoding strategies engaged at study influence memory as measured by both explicit and implicit memory measures. Participants studied words written in upper and lower case under three encoding conditions (self-reference, semantic control, case judgment), which was followed by an implicit (word stem completion) and then an explicit (item and context) memory test.

The electrocardiographic manifestations and derangements of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Electrocardiographic (ECG) findings in patients admitted with COVID-19 and a decision tree to predict their survival were assessed. 145 consecutive patients with severe COVID-19 infection were selected. Patient demographics, ECG variables, peak troponins, use of standard medications, and clinical outcomes were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and a predictive model of survival was developed using classification tree analysis.

Value-directed memory effects on item and context memory.

The ability to prioritize learning some information over others when that information is considered important or valuable is known as value-directed remembering. In these experiments, we investigate how value influences different aspects of memory, including item memory (memory for the to-be-learned materials) and context memory (memory for peripheral details that occurred when studying items) to get a better understanding of how people prioritize learning information. In this investigation, participants encoded words associated with a range of values (binned into higher, medium, and lower value in Experiment 1, and into higher and lower value in Experiment 2) for a subsequent memory test that measured item memory (Is this item old or new?) as well as both objective context memory (memory for an objectively verifiable contextual detail: In which voice was this item spoken?) and subjective context memory (How many visual, auditory, and extraneous thoughts/feelings can you remember associated with this item?).

The implementation cost of a safety-net hospital program addressing social needs in Atlanta.

Objective: To describe the cost of integrating social needs activities into a health care program that works toward health equity by addressing socioeconomic barriers.

Data Sources/study Setting: Costs for a heart failure health care program based in a safety-net hospital were reported by program staff for the program year May 2018-April 2019. Additional data sources included hospital records, invoices, and staff survey.

Examining the relationship between generation constraint and memory.

Self-generated information is often better remembered than read information (the generation effect). Recent research, however, has shown that generating information under fewer experimental constraints (i.e.

Effects of Survival Processing on Item and Context Memory: Enhanced Memory for Survival-Relevant Details.

Due to the natural selection pressure, certain aspects of memory may have been selected to give humans a survival advantage. Research has demonstrated that processing information for survival relevance leads to better item memory (i.e.

Future thinking about social targets: The influence of prediction outcome on memory.

Work on future thinking suggests that people use what they know about the world (e.g., contents of memory) to make predictions about events to come, which reflects an adaptive use of memory.

Theories of the generation effect and the impact of generation constraint: A meta-analytic review.

The generation effect is the memory benefit for self-generated compared with read or experimenter-provided information. In recent decades, numerous theories have been proposed to explain the memory mechanism(s) and boundary conditions of the generation effect. In this meta-analysis and theoretical review, we analyzed 126 articles (310 experiments, 1,653 estimates) to assess 7 prominent theories to determine which theories are supported by the existing literature.

Fewer generation constraints increase the generation effect for item and source memory through enhanced relational processing.

Memory is often better for information that is self-generated versus read (i.e. the generation effect).

Differential Age Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Associative Memory.

Objectives: Older adults experience associative memory deficits relative to younger adults (Old & Naveh-Benjamin, 2008). The aim of this study was to test the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on face-name associative memory in older and younger adults.

Method: Experimenters applied active (1.

Transcranial direct current stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during encoding improves recall but not recognition memory.

Prior work demonstrates that application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improves memory. In this study, we investigated tDCS effects on face-name associative memory using both recall and recognition tests. Participants encoded face-name pairs under either active (1.

Transcranial stimulation over the left inferior frontal gyrus increases false alarms in an associative memory task in older adults.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a potential tool for alleviating various forms of cognitive decline, including memory loss, in older adults. However, past effects of tDCS on cognitive ability have been mixed. One important potential moderator of tDCS effects is the baseline level of cognitive performance.

The Role of Lung Lobes in Radiation Pneumonitis and Radiation-Induced Inflammation in the Lung: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: We examined the relative response to radiation of the upper lung lobes (UL) versus lower lung lobes (LL) of normal lung tissue using normalized [F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake per radiation dose received per lung voxel in patients treated with either photons or protons and tested for correlation of the radiation response with clinical pneumonitis.

Methods: Seventy-five patients (photon (n = 51) or proton (n = 24)) treated for esophageal cancer from November 1, 2003 to May 15, 2011 who received restaging FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging 1 to 3 months after chemoradiation were selected. UL and LL were contoured using the major fissure as the boundary, with the right middle lobe being included in the right UL structure.

Proton therapy radiation pneumonitis local dose-response in esophagus cancer patients.

Purpose: This study quantifies pulmonary radiation toxicity in patients who received proton therapy for esophagus cancer.

Materials/methods: We retrospectively studied 100 esophagus cancer patients treated with proton therapy. The linearity of the enhanced FDG uptake vs.

Metformin use and improved response to therapy in esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Background: We investigated the radiographic and pathologic response rate of esophageal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients taking metformin.

Material And Methods: Two hundred eighty-five patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) followed by esophagectomy from 1997 to 2012 were included in the study, including 29 diabetics taking metformin, 21 diabetics not taking metformin and 235 non-diabetics. Pre- and post-treatment positron emission tomography (PET) scans were available for 204 patients.

[18F]-FDG uptake dose-response correlates with radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients.

Purpose: To quantify the post-radiotherapy 2-[(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) pulmonary uptake dose-response in lung cancer patients and determine its relationship with radiation pneumonitis symptoms.

Methods And Materials: The data from 24 patients treated for lung cancer with thoracic radiotherapy who received restaging PET/CT imaging between 4 and 12 weeks after radiotherapy completion were evaluated. Their radiation dose distribution was registered with the post-treatment restaging PET/CT.

Spatial correspondence of 4D CT ventilation and SPECT pulmonary perfusion defects in patients with malignant airway stenosis.

To determine the spatial overlap agreement between four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) ventilation and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion hypo-functioning pulmonary defect regions in a patient population with malignant airway stenosis. Treatment planning 4D CT images were obtained retrospectively for ten lung cancer patients with radiographically demonstrated airway obstruction due to gross tumor volume. Each patient also received a SPECT perfusion study within one week of the planning 4D CT, and prior to the initiation of treatment.

Exhaled nitric oxide predicts radiation pneumonitis in esophageal and lung cancer patients receiving thoracic radiation.

Background And Purpose: Radiation pneumonitis is a significant toxicity following thoracic radiotherapy with no method to predict individual risk.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-five patients receiving thoracic radiation for lung or esophageal cancer were enrolled in a phase II study. Each patient received respiratory surveys and exhaled nitric oxide measurements before, on the last day of, and 30-60 days after completing radiotherapy (RT).

Exhaled nitric oxide parameters and functional capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The extended exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) parameters, including peripheral or alveolar eNO, are investigational biomarkers in COPD. In this study, the hypothesis was tested that elevated peripheral eNO correlates with decreased functional capacity and lower global health status. Twenty-seven subjects with the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage 3 and 4 COPD were enrolled.

Elevation in exhaled nitric oxide predicts for radiation pneumonitis.

Purpose: Radiation pneumonitis is a major toxicity after thoracic radiotherapy (RT), with no method available to accurately predict the individual risk. This was a prospective study to evaluate exhaled nitric oxide as a predictive biomarker for radiation pneumonitis in esophageal cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: A total of 34 patients prescribed neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer were enrolled in the present trial.

Induction and concurrent taxanes enhance both the pulmonary metabolic radiation response and the radiation pneumonitis response in patients with esophagus cancer.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to assess pulmonary radiation toxicity quantitatively in patients who received thoracic radiotherapy combined with induction and/or concurrent chemotherapy with or without taxanes for esophageal cancer.

Methods And Materials: The study subjects were 139 patients treated at the University of Texas M.D.