Lab-on-a-chip models of cardiac inflammation.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with numerous inflammatory cell etiologies associated with impaired cardiac function and heart failure. Inflammatory cardiomyopathy, also known as myocarditis, is an acquired cardiomyopathy characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration into the myocardium with a high risk of progression to deteriorated cardiac function. Recently, amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence of acute myocarditis as a complication of SARS-CoV-2 has garnered significant concern.

Real-world evidence of obinutuzumab and venetoclax in previously treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma.

Venetoclax-obinutuzumab (Ven-O) is frequently administered off-label in relapsed/refractory (r/r) CLL/SLL where venetoclax-rituximab is the approved regimen. We conducted this retrospective, real-world study to evaluate Ven-O in r/r CLL/SLL. Between 7/2019 and 6/2022, 40 patients with r/r CLL/SLL on Ven-O were included.

Combined analysis of the impact of second-generation BTK inhibitors on patient outcomes.

BTK inhibitors (BTKi) are highly effective in B-cell malignancies. Acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib have exhibited favorable safety profiles when compared with ibrutinib. We identified all published/presented randomized trials comparing a second-generation BTKi with ibrutinib and reconstructed individual patient-level, censored time-to-event data for adverse events to evaluate the impact of second-generation BTKi on safety outcomes including atrial fibrillation/flutter [AF], hypertension, bleeding, diarrhea, and infection.

Letermovir and tacrolimus interaction effects in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients receiving moderate cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors for antifungal prophylaxis.

Introduction: Letermovir inhibits cytomegalovirus replication and is approved for the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection in cytomegalovirus seropositive hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients. Studies have found that letermovir coadministration has minimal effect on tacrolimus levels prior to the start of voriconazole, a strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitor. However, data are lacking for hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients receiving letermovir and tacrolimus with moderate CYP 3A4 inhibitors as antifungal prophylaxis.

The efficacy and safety of cardio-protective therapy in patients with 5-FU (Fluorouracil)-associated coronary vasospasm.

Background: Coronary vasospasm is a known side effect of 5-FU (fluorouracil) therapy. Beyond switching to non-5FU-based chemotherapy, there are no established treatments for 5-FU associated coronary vasospam. Our objective was to assess the safety and efficacy of re-challenge with 5-FU after pre-treatment with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and long-acting nitrates among patients 5-FU associated coronary vasospasm.

Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a prospective cohort study.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most common leukemia worldwide, is associated with increased COVID-19 mortality. Previous studies suggest only a portion of vaccinated CLL patients develop severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antibodies. Whether the elicited antibodies are functional and/or accompanied by functional T-cell responses is unknown.

The Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes With 5-Fluorouracil-Associated Coronary Vasospasm.

Background: Coronary vasospasm is a recognized side effect of 5-FU (fluorouracil). There are limited and conflicting data on the incidence, risk factors and prognostic effect of 5-FU associated vasospasm.

Objectives: To assess the incidence, risk factors and prognostic implications of 5-FU coronary vasospasm among patients receiving 5-FU regimens at a single tertiary care center.

Evaluating the incidence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with B-cell lymphoma receiving dose-adjusted EPOCH and rituximab.

Background: Studies evaluating antiemetic prophylaxis have primarily focused on the solid tumor setting and single-day regimens. This study evaluates antiemetic prophylaxis and chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with lymphoma receiving a multiday doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide containing regimen.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single center, cohort study evaluating patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma receiving dose-adjusted R-EPOCH in the hospital.

Incidence of Invasive Fungal Infections in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Without Antifungal Prophylaxis.

Background: Antifungal prophylaxis during induction for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) varies according to local rates of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). We evaluated fluconazole prophylaxis and no antifungal prophylaxis, as a natural interrupted time-series study to assess survival and infection complications.

Patients And Methods: We identified patients with AML ≥ 18 years old undergoing induction chemotherapy during 2 time periods: period 1, fluconazole prophylaxis from August 1, 2013 to September 30, 2015, and period 2, no prophylaxis from October 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017.

CAR T-Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity: Current Management and Emerging Treatment Strategies.

Axicabtagene ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel are 2 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapies targeting CD19 for the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Two commonly recognized complications associated with CAR T-cell therapies are cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). ICANS can occur in isolation or concomitantly with CRS following CAR T-cell therapy and may be due to disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the effects of elevated cytokine levels on the central nervous system.

Current Treatment Strategies for Multiple Myeloma.

The treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) continues to evolve with the approval of numerous agents over the past decade. Advances in treatment have led to the incorporation of these newer therapies into the treatment paradigm, with improvements in overall survival and the possibility of deep responses including a minimal residual disease-negative state. The strategy of triplet therapies for patients with newly diagnosed MM, followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation for eligible patients, and subsequently consolidation and maintenance therapy, is the current treatment roadmap for patients.

Current management and emerging treatment strategies for multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell neoplasm that is incurable despite significant progress in treatment over the past several decades. The incorporation of novel agents and combinations into the MM treatment paradigm has resulted in improved survival and tolerability, as well as deeper responses including achieving a minimal residual disease negative state. The addition of new treatment options and combinations has added complexity in treatment selection for myeloma patients.

Evaluation of the impact of thyroiditis development in patients receiving immunotherapy with programmed cell death-1 inhibitors.

Purpose: We evaluated if the development of thyroiditis in patients who received treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors across various tumor types was associated with tumor response.

Methods: In this retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional study, patients with various tumor types who received treatment with nivolumab or pembrolizumab as standard of care were evaluated. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the objective response rate in patients who developed thyroiditis compared with patients who did not develop thyroiditis.

Safety and efficacy of a urine alkalinization protocol developed for high-dose methotrexate patients during intravenous bicarbonate shortage.

Purpose: Urinary alkalinization with intravenous sodium bicarbonate is standard during high-dose methotrexate administration. Due to a national intravenous sodium bicarbonate shortage, a urinary alkalinization protocol involving hyperhydration with intravenous fluids, oral bicarbonate, and intravenous or oral acetazolamide was utilized from 10 April to 30 May 2017 ("shortage protocol"). This study compared outcomes between protocols.