Multi-modal, Label-free, Optical Mapping of Cellular Metabolic Function and Oxidative Stress in 3D Engineered Brain Tissue Models.

Brain metabolism is essential for the function of organisms. While established imaging methods provide valuable insights into brain metabolic function, they lack the resolution to capture important metabolic interactions and heterogeneity at the cellular level. Label-free, two-photon excited fluorescence imaging addresses this issue by enabling dynamic metabolic assessments at the single-cell level without manipulations.

Assessment of childhood intracranial pressure: a comparative study of transcranial Doppler ultrasound indices and findings at ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Purpose: This study compares transcranial Doppler (TCD) Pulsatility Index (PI) and Resistivity Index (RI) with intra-operative CSF opening pressure measured by manometric technique during ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt in children with hydrocephalus.

Methods: It was a prospective, hospital-based study performed among patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Patients had TCD ultrasonography before V-P shunt.

Ritual Abuse Survivors' Perspectives on Research Participation: An Exploratory Mixed Methods Online Study.

This exploratory study sought a deeper understanding of the perspectives of self-defined ritual abuse (RA) survivors, who had experienced sexual victimization, on participation in research. A mixed-methods qualitative design involving online survey and follow-up virtual interviews included 68 adults across eight countries. Content and thematic analysis of responses indicated that RA survivors were keen to be involved in a range of research activities to share their experience, knowledge, and support for other survivors.

() Is Essential for Cell Proliferation and Cell Differentiation in Tomato.

Most flowering plant species contain at least two copies of the () gene with the encoded DEM proteins lacking homology to proteins of known biochemical function. In tomato (; ), stable mutations in the locus result in shoot and root meristem defects with the mutant failing to progress past the cotyledon stage of seedling development. Generation of a () transformant line in tomato allowed for the characterization of gene function past the seedling stage of vegetative development with plants displaying a range of leaf development abnormalities.

Crosslinked Polyethylene (XLPE) Recycling via Foams.

Efficient recycling of crosslinked polyethylene has been challenging due to manufacturing difficulties caused by chemical crosslinking. This study focuses on simple processing via solid waste powder generation and particle fining for the subsequent crosslinked polyethylene inclusion and dispersion in rigid polyurethane foam. In addition, the concentration effects of crosslinked polyethylene in polyurethane were studied, showing a well-controlled foam microstructure with uniform pores, retained strength, better thermal degradation resistance, and, more importantly, increased thermal capabilities.

Efficacy of Core Needle Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Extracranial Solid Malignancies: A 10-Year Study.

Introduction: Core needle biopsies of solid masses in children are a minimally invasive technique. It guides to a definitive diagnosis and facilitates management.

Aims And Objectives: To determine the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of core needle biopsies in diagnosing pediatric solid masses.

Predictors of Headache/Migraine and the Use of Complementary Medicine in U.S. Children: A Population-Based Analysis of 2017 National Health Interview Survey Data.

This study set out to determine the prevalence and possible risk factors of headache and/or migraine in U.S. children, as well as the prevalence of complementary medicine use in this population.

DEFECTIVE EMBRYO AND MERISTEMS genes are required for cell division and gamete viability in Arabidopsis.

The DEFECTIVE EMBRYO AND MERISTEMS 1 (DEM1) gene encodes a protein of unknown biochemical function required for meristem formation and seedling development in tomato, but it was unclear whether DEM1's primary role was in cell division or alternatively, in defining the identity of meristematic cells. Genome sequence analysis indicates that flowering plants possess at least two DEM genes. Arabidopsis has two DEM genes, DEM1 and DEM2, which we show are expressed in developing embryos and meristems in a punctate pattern that is typical of genes involved in cell division.

Child Sexual Abuse in Pakistan Schools: A Non-Systematic Narrative Literature Review.

The current non-systematic narrative review of literature sought to explore the need for research into child sexual abuse (CSA) in Pakistan's schools. The limited literature that exists suggests that CSA is a pervasive problem in Pakistan as it is in neighboring India, and indeed, throughout the world. Government agencies and schools in Pakistan appear to be in their infancy in terms of recognizing and responding to CSA.

Adaptation in 5-HT receptors-CaMKII signaling in lateral habenula underlies increased nociceptive-sensitivity in ethanol-withdrawn rats.

Alcoholics often experience hyperalgesia, especially during abstinence, yet the underlying cellular and molecular bases are unclear. Recent evidence suggests that 5-HT type 2 receptors (5-HTRs) at glutamatergic synapses on lateral habenula (LHb) neurons may play a critical role. We, therefore, measured paw withdrawal responses to thermal and mechanical stimuli, and alcohol intake in a rat model of intermittent drinking paradigm, as well as spontaneous glutamatergic transmission (sEPSCs), and firing of LHb neurons in brain slices.

A Rare Case of Gastric Metastasis in Ewing's Sarcoma of the Femur.

The stomach is a very unusual site of metastasis. Published reports on metastatic lesion in the stomach is generally limited to single case reports and case series. Gastric metastasis in an Ewing's sarcoma is extremely rare and has been reported in English literature but once to our knowledge.

Perspectives of Young Child Abuse Survivors on Confidentiality: An Exploratory Literature Review.

The current systematic narrative literature review sought to discover the views of young child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors, unknown to child protection services, on confidentiality. Due to the paucity of research on young CSA survivors, the review was widened to include users of sexual health services. Seventeen databases were searched, and results were refined by reading titles and abstracts, followed by full text.

Joint position statement Indian Association of Palliative Care and Academy of Family Physicians of India - The way forward for developing community-based palliative care program throughout India: Policy, education, and service delivery considerations.

Purpose: This joint position statement, by the Indian Association of Palliative Care (IAPC) and Academy of Family Physicians of India (AFPI), proposes to address gaps in palliative care provision in the country by developing a community-based palliative care model that will empower primary care physicians to provide basic palliative care.

Evidence: India ranks very poorly, 67th of 80 countries in the quality of death index. Two-thirds of patients who die need palliative care and many such patients spend the last hours of life in the Intensive care unit.

Puerto Rican-Born Women in the United States: Contextual Approach to Immigration Challenges.

This study focused on how acculturative stress and psychological distress affect Puerto Rican-born women residing in the United States. Mediation path analysis was used to estimate relationships between contextual factors, acculturative stress, and psychological distress. The fit of the data to the final model was adequate as estimated using chi-square analysis, comparative fit index, Tucker-Lewis Index, and root-mean-square error of approximation.

Participatory Action Research on Help-Seeking Behaviors of Self-Defined Ritual Abuse Survivors: A Brief Report.

The existence of ritual abuse is the subject of much debate. Ritual abuse survivor perceptions of seeking help have not been explored, and studies have yet to utilize self-defined survivors as collaborative researchers. This study addresses both issues.

Reducing risk of overdose with midazolam injection in adults: an evaluation of change in clinical practice to improve patient safety in England.

Rationale Aims And Objectives: This study sought to evaluate potential reductions in risk associated with midazolam injection, a sedating medication, following a UK National Patient Safety Alert. This alert, 'Reducing risk of overdose with midazolam injection in adults', was sent to all National Health Service organizations as a Rapid Response Report detailing actions services should take to minimize risks.

Method: To evaluate any potential changes arising from this alert, a number of data sources were explored including reported incidents to a national reporting system for health care error, clinician survey and audit data, pharmaceutical purchasing patterns and feedback from National Health Service managers.

Comparison of intensive care unit medication errors reported to the United States' MedMarx and the United Kingdom's National Reporting and Learning System: a cross-sectional study.

The objective was to compare the characteristics of medication errors reported to 2 national error reporting systems by conducting a cross-sectional analysis of errors reported from adult intensive care units to the UK National Reporting and Learning System and the US MedMarx system. Outcome measures were error types, severity of patient harm, stage of medication process, and involved medications. The authors analyzed 2837 UK error reports and 56 368 US reports.

A diverse set of microRNAs and microRNA-like small RNAs in developing rice grains.

Endogenous small RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs), function as post-transcriptional or transcriptional regulators in plants. miRNA function is essential for normal plant development and therefore is likely to be important in the growth of the rice grain. To investigate the roles of miRNAs in rice grain development, we carried out deep sequencing of the small RNA populations of rice grains at two developmental stages.

RNAi for plant functional genomics.

A major challenge in the post-genome era of plant biology is to determine the functions of all the genes in the plant genome. A straightforward approach to this problem is to reduce or knock out expression of a gene with the hope of seeing a phenotype that is suggestive of its function. Insertional mutagenesis is a useful tool for this type of study, but it is limited by gene redundancy, lethal knock-outs, nontagged mutants and the inability to target the inserted element to a specific gene.

Injectable medication therapy: a patient safety challenge.

This article highlights the risks associated with the use of injectable medicines and the incidents that affect patient safety. It also provides information on how healthcare professionals, in particular nurses, can minimise the risks to patients.